Articles tagged with Fluids
A new study reveals that microscopic suspension feeders overcome physical constraints by changing their angle relative to surfaces, maximizing access to fresh water and filtering the surrounding water. These tiny organisms filter up to 25% of seawater daily, making them essential for aquatic ecosystems.
A study comparing the effects of crystalloid and colloid fluids on survival in critically ill patients found no significant difference in 28-day mortality rates between the two groups. The use of colloids was associated with a lower risk of death at 90 days, but this finding requires further investigation.
Rice University scientists have discovered two novel mechanisms for bubble formation in foam, known as pinch-off behaviors. This discovery could improve the efficiency of enhanced oil recovery methods by making gas act more like a liquid and increasing its contact with reservoir rock.
New research suggests that brain training programs strengthen working memory capacity but do not improve general fluid intelligence. The study found that students who trained on complex span tasks showed transfer to other working memory tasks, but none of the groups showed benefits on measures of fluid intelligence.
The study suggests that tree-like structures in lungs minimize energy losses and optimize proximity to alveoli, allowing efficient oxygen delivery. This evolutionary process led to the development of mammalian respiration, distinct from fish-style breathing.
A study by University of California, Riverside researchers found that older adults' experience and knowledge compensate for declining fluid intelligence. They performed better than younger participants in temporal discounting, financial literacy, and debt literacy.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new steering technology that eliminates valves and uses advanced algorithms to precisely control hydraulic pumps, resulting in a 43% increase in fuel efficiency. The system also shows improved machine productivity and reduced operator fatigue.
At the nanoscale, water flows more like ketchup due to container material properties. Researchers found that hydrophilic materials increase water's effective viscosity, making it harder for molecules to move. This study could redefine fluid dynamics and impact designs of tiny mechanical systems.
Researchers have developed a lens that combines the focusing ability of a human eye with the wide-angle view of an insect eye, enabling objects to appear in sharp focus even at varying distances. This technology could lead to improved smartphone camera quality and enhanced depth perception for medical imaging.
Lymphedema is a disease with no cure and little hope for sufferers, where the body fails to circulate lymphatic fluid leading to swelling and permanent tissue remodeling. A new engineering approach may lead to new technologies to test and treat lymphatic disease.
Researchers found that replacing positive and negative needleless connectors with zero fluid displacement connectors reduced CLABSIs by 60% and 94%, respectively. This simple change saved an estimated 13 lives and over $3 million in healthcare costs.
The University of Michigan has released seven technical reports on hydraulic fracturing in Michigan, exploring its potential economic benefits and environmental risks. The studies found that while natural gas reserves exist in the state, high-volume hydraulic fracturing may not be feasible due to low gas prices and drilling costs.
Researchers at Michigan Technological University have developed a new type of micro rocket engine using ferrofluids, which could enable efficient propulsion for nanosatellites. The thrusters use electrically sprayed fluid to produce thrust, with the ferrofluid forming a stationary pattern of sharp tips that can spray jets of fluid.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have developed a comprehensive test for protein biomarkers in spinal fluid that shows prognostic and diagnostic value in early stages of Parkinson's disease. The study found that patients with lower levels of tau and alpha synuclein had greater motor dysfunction, while th...
Researchers at ETH Zurich discovered that IL-7 enhances lymphatic vessel drainage, a crucial function that could improve lymphedema treatment outcomes. This finding may help prevent or alleviate fluid accumulation and tissue swelling in patients with compromised lymphatic systems.
A study published in JAMA Neurology reveals that disruptions in brain networks emerge simultaneously with chemical markers of early Alzheimer's disease. The research provides an effective and less invasive way to detect early disease, potentially improving treatment outcomes.
University of East Anglia researchers found that female salmon and trout eggs prefer their own species' sperm for fertilization, even when given a simultaneous choice. The preference is driven by the ovarian fluid surrounding the egg, which contains a chemical signal that guides the sperm towards the egg.
Researchers demonstrated that using a continuum-based approach can explain the dynamics of liquid metal particles on substrates at nanoscales. The work has implications for self- and directed-assembly of metal nanoparticles on surfaces, particularly in solar cell devices.
Researchers studied the dynamics of squeezing fluids using a simple experiment of clapping with wet hands. The study sheds light on the behavior of fluids at the microscale level and has implications for fuel efficiency and pharmaceutical drug deliveries.
Researchers from Brown University and the University of Wisconsin discovered that a high-angle helix enables bacteria to swim faster in viscoelastic fluids, clearing up previously conflicting findings. The study's findings have implications for understanding bacterial infection and fertility.
MIT researchers have produced the fluidic analogue of the double-slit experiment and electron confinement in a circular corral, demonstrating remarkable accuracy in statistical behavior. This discovery offers insight into rational quantum dynamics and wave-particle duality.
Researchers use holographic duality to translate physics of black holes to superfluid turbulence, discovering turbulent flows behave like 3-D fluids. This breakthrough helps explain complex behavior of superfluids and provides new insights into the dynamics of these materials.
Researchers at Universidad Carlos III de Madrid have successfully created a frozen wave by applying digital processing and laser visualization techniques. This breakthrough allows for the study of waves in motion, improving predictions of wave impact on marine structures and aiding in understanding oceanographic phenomena.
Researchers created a range of predictable flows by placing tiny pillars in microfluidic channels, allowing for separation of white blood cells and increased mixing. The method has potential to revolutionize microfluidics and form the foundation for multi-million dollar industries.
Large earthquakes from distant parts of the globe are triggering tremors around US waste-fluid injection wells, according to a new study. The phenomenon could indicate critically stressed faults that may soon host larger earthquakes.
A study published in Fluids and Barriers of the CNS found a significantly altered level of six specific proteins in people with restless leg syndrome (RLS), consistent with iron deficiency, dopamine dysregulation, and inflammation. The discovery could lead to new treatments for RLS and its associated cardiovascular disease risk.
Researchers at the University of Illinois developed a new flow-based method for manipulating and confining single particles in free solution, addressing current challenges in nanoscience. The microfluidic trap enables precise positioning control over tiny nanoparticles, enabling exploration of new technologies.
Researchers developed a simple model to explain the difference between glass and molten materials, with spherical plastic particles in aqueous solution. The study found that internal tensile stresses persisted in the glassy state, distinguishing it from fluid behavior.
A clinical trial of 75 patients with acute decompensated heart failure found that aggressive fluid and sodium restriction had no impact on weight loss or clinical stability at three days. Instead, these restrictions were associated with an increase in perceived thirst.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that consuming sugar-sweetened drinks increases the risk of developing kidney stones. On the other hand, beverages like coffee, tea, and orange juice are associated with a lower risk of stone formation.
Researchers discovered that lungs with fluid in the lungs no longer pump water out as believed, but instead pump it in. This finding has important implications for treating lung edema, a common symptom of heart disease.
A team of researchers has developed a new synthetic polymer supplement that mimics natural synovial fluid, providing superior lubrication and reducing wear on cartilage surfaces. The biopolymer remains in the joint for more than two weeks, unlike current treatments which last only one or two days.
Researchers led by Paulo E. Arratia at the University of Pennsylvania discovered that turbulence can arise in non-Newtonian fluids, such as blood and fracking liquids, without requiring significant inertia. This finding has significant implications for understanding fluid dynamics on small scales.
Researchers explored the flow of a polymer microgel in confined microchannels, finding its behavior is influenced by neighboring forces. The study challenges existing theories on fluid and solid states, revealing complex interactions between local and dynamic forces.
Researchers investigate how surface-derived fluids can penetrate deep levels in Earth's crust, a challenge to widely accepted notions. They also explore the kill mechanism for a mass extinction event and the formation of hydrothermal base metal ore deposits. Additional studies focus on polar reversals, earthquakes, and archeological fi...
Researchers from Amsterdam University and DESY discovered coexisting structural states in a glass made from microscopic silica spheres under shear stress. The study revealed that the glass's inner structure varies depending on the applied shear rate, affecting its flow behavior.
Researchers have discovered that nanowires can naturally draw liquid upward in a thin film coating the wire's surface. This phenomenon has potential applications in inkjet printing, biomedical research, and microfluidic devices, enabling small-scale liquid transport and manipulation.
A new study links a magnitude 5.7 earthquake in central Oklahoma to wastewater injection, destroying homes and causing widespread damage. The researchers found that the pressure increase triggered by wastewater injection led to the largest earthquake ever recorded in Oklahoma.
A mathematical model of a butterfly's flight revealed that the insect uses swirling vortices to provide lift, but also experiences turbulent airflow. The study found that the pitching angle of the thorax is crucial for controlled periodic flight, allowing butterflies to sense and adjust their motion to maintain stability.
Stem cells from amniotic fluid have been shown to repair gut damage and improve survival rates in rodents with intestinal damage. The study found that these cells work by releasing growth factors that reduce inflammation and trigger the formation of new tissues.
Researchers studied silicone oil jets bouncing off each other, finding that high-speed flow can inhibit mixing. The study's findings have implications for fuel efficiency in space rockets.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have developed a minimally invasive procedure that uses a stent to alleviate symptoms of pseudotumor cerebri by expanding narrowed veins and relieving fluid pressure. The study shows promising results, with 10 out of 12 patients experiencing complete and lasting recovery.
A clinical trial in Africa found that administering fluid to treat shock in children increases the risk of cardiovascular collapse and death at 48 hours. The study challenges the common practice of early fluid resuscitation, which was previously thought to improve survival rates.
Researchers at Princeton University found that bacteria can clog medical devices like stents in a short period of time by forming sticky biofilms. The study used controlled environments with rough surfaces and pressure-driven fluid, demonstrating the need for real-world conditions to understand device failures.
A new Cochrane systematic review finds starch-based IV fluids used by the NHS cause unnecessary deaths. Researchers conclude that these fluids are more expensive than saline-based crystalloid fluids and increase the risk of death.
New research finds that standard bacterial culture tests may overlook certain germs, highlighting the need for multiple detection methods. The study analyzed 44 premature babies and detected over 20 uncultured bacterial species using DNA genomic analysis.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found that hydroxyethyl starch was associated with a significant increased risk of death, acute kidney injury, and renal replacement therapy. The study excluded studies conducted by an investigator whose research was retracted due to scientific misconduct.
A Japanese study found that lactated Ringer's solution, commonly used as a pre-hospital treatment for cardiac arrest, is associated with a decreased chance of survival with minimal neurological or physical impairment. The study analyzed data from over half a million patients and suggested that alternative fluids may be more beneficial.
Researchers have discovered that antifreeze proteins in plants and animals prevent frost damage by coating and protecting ice crystals. The study, published in PNAS, used microfluidic devices to observe the binding of AFPs to ice, revealing a strong and irreversible interaction that prevents ice growth even without protein presence.
Researchers at Saarland University and the University of Pennsylvania have discovered that blood plasma is a non-Newtonian fluid that forms threads and exhibits viscoelastic properties, influencing blood flow into narrow capillaries. This study may improve computer simulations of vascular pathological processes.
A team of researchers found that partially filled spheres exhibit a predictable first bounce but a thud-like second bounce. This phenomenon occurs due to the transfer of energy from the ball-liquid system into a liquid jet, which dampens the rebound force.
A study by Penn State researchers has found high levels of ancient brines in Marcellus flowback water, which are consistent with brines formed during the Paleozoic era. The study highlights the importance of proper disposal and re-use of fracking fluids to prevent environmental contamination.
Researchers at University of Cambridge create hundreds of tiny twisters on chip using quantum mechanics, controlling electron movement and light interaction to form 'polariton'. This enables precise measurement of motion and surface irregularities with sensitivity.
Researchers found very few genetic biomarkers for archaea and many more for species that derive from bacteria. The populations of microbes changed dramatically over a short period of time, with some species perishing and others becoming more abundant.
Researchers found that mosquitoes struggle to fly in heavy fog, despite their ability to withstand raindrops. The study reveals that the tiny fog particles overwhelm the mosquito's gyroscopic sensors, leading to flight failure.
Scientists develop a device that can form and control sound bullets in water, with potential uses for underwater imaging and biomedical applications. The device, inspired by Newton's cradle, focuses high-amplitude pressure pulses into compact sound bullets that can be tightly focused on a target area.
Researchers have developed a novel test that measures proteins from nerve damage deposited in blood and spinal fluid to predict the rate of progression in ALS. The test shows promise in identifying patients at most risk for rapid progression, who may be offered new therapies being developed or tested.
Researchers describe a new method for invisibility cloaking using ocean floor topography to shield floating objects from waves. By manipulating internal waves, objects can be protected from surface waves, offering potential benefits for offshore structures and fishing.
Owls' unique wing structure and plumage have inspired researchers to create quieter conventional aircraft. By studying the owl's ability to fly silently, scientists hope to develop aircraft with reduced noise levels, benefiting both humans and wildlife.
Researchers reveal that a soccer 'knuckleball' shot causes a zigzag trajectory due to aerodynamic lift forces, not deformations at the site of impact. The study sheds light on the phenomenon's unpredictability and potential role in historic experiments trying to prove the Earth's rotation.