Articles tagged with Fluids
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study published in BSSA found induced earthquakes generate lower shaking intensities, except within 10 km of the epicenter. The damage from injection-induced earthquakes is more concentrated near the event epicenters.
Johns Hopkins scientists develop a new material that binds slippery molecules, potentially delivering long-lasting lubrication and easing painful joints. The material, inspired by natural functions lost in synthetic materials, has shown promise in animal tests.
A new study reveals that fracking fluids contain eight substances toxic to mammals and raise concerns about their potential health impacts. The research highlights the need to characterize compounds used in hydraulic fracturing to evaluate environmental and human health effects.
Researchers at Rice University have found that foam is more effective than water, gas, and surfactant combinations in removing oil from low-permeability formations. Foam's unique properties allow it to penetrate and dislodge oil without losing its effectiveness, making it a promising tool for enhanced oil recovery.
Researchers at Clemson University are developing probes that can siphon liquid out of single cells using the proboscis of butterflies. The technology has the potential to revolutionize medical testing and treatment, allowing doctors to replace defective genes with healthy ones.
A synthesized version of tumor necrosis factor's tip appears to work like a doorstop to keep sodium channels open inside the lungs' air sacs, clearing excess fluid. The TIP peptide may help patients survive pneumonia by targeting bacterial toxins and promoting natural defense mechanisms.
A new study using PET/CT with FDG-labeled leucocytes has detected infection in acute pancreatitis patients, distinguishing between infected and non-infected fluid collections. This non-invasive method may quickly rule out active infection and guide treatment decisions.
Scientists at MIT and Saudi Arabia have created a new system to make surfaces active, using external fields like magnetic fields to exert precise control over particle movement. This technology could enable new biomedical or microfluidic devices and self-cleaning solar panels.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have discovered that microscopic flagella synchronize their movements through direct hydrodynamic interactions in a fluid. The findings, published in eLife, demonstrate that the motion of the fluid created by two beating flagella is sufficient to cause them to row in sync.
Schlemm's canal has been found to have lymphatic characteristics, including a growth factor that reduces eye pressure. This discovery challenges the current understanding of the eye's drainage system and opens up new avenues for glaucoma treatment and diagnosis.
A study found that implementing an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) program in a community hospital setting reduced length of stay from 6.7 days to 3.7 days without increasing readmissions. The ERAS program also decreased use of opioid analgesia and intra-abdominal infections, resulting in estimated cost savings.
A study at Thomas Jefferson University found that using hypertonic saline during and after complex Whipple surgery reduced overall complication rates by 25%. The increased salt concentration helps to reduce fluid buildup and swelling, promoting faster recovery with fewer complications.
Researchers found rainwater can penetrate deep into the Earth's ductile crust, weakening rocks and initiating earthquakes. This discovery has significant implications for understanding earthquakes and the generation of valuable mineral deposits.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania uncover existence of threshold for fluid flow-induced angiogenesis, enabling rapid tumor growth; study paves the way for cancer-fighting drugs and treatments for cardiovascular disease.
A Georgia Institute of Technology study discovered that larger animals urinate in the same time as smaller ones, due to the role of gravity in fluid flow. The research has potential applications in designing more efficient water systems and products, such as better-engineered tanks and fire hoses.
Scientists found that fracking fluids can dislodge tiny particles in soil, attracting heavy metals and other chemicals that could harm people and animals. The study's findings suggest that flowback fluids from fracking operations could contaminate groundwater with a third of the colloids present.
Researchers found that fracking flowback fluid can mobilize tiny particles in soil, releasing associated pollutants like heavy metals. This phenomenon can exacerbate environmental risks during accidental spills.
Researchers have explained the emergence of a bacterial vortex by understanding its relation to physical mechanisms like collisions, boundary interactions, and fluid flow. Computer modeling and experimentation confirm that bacteria align themselves in the same direction due to their flagellar motion, creating a two-way fluid flow.
Researchers found elevated levels of steroid hormones, including testosterone and progesterone, in the amniotic fluid of boys later diagnosed with autism. This discovery may help explain why autism is more common in males than females.
Researchers have developed a prototype device that can analyze various electrolyte levels on the spot, providing real-time feedback to users. The wearable microneedle device is painless and samples only interstitial fluid, making it suitable for long-term use.
Researchers studied the basic motion of tear film traversing the eye to develop a potential cure for dry eye. The simulation found that blinking is necessary to stop the thinning of the tear film, and flooding the eye with liquid does not relieve the issue.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a way to harness temperature gradients in fluids to propel objects, which could have widespread significance in the natural world and potential technologies. The effect works by creating unbalanced forces on an object's surface due to changing fluid density.
BYU professors create sloped channels with micro posts or ribs, producing highly hydrophobic surfaces. These surfaces could significantly speed up steam condensation in power plants, saving time and costs.
Researchers found that acrylamide exposure damages the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier and impairs secretory and transport functions. This damage may underlie acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity and central and peripheral neuropathy.
Researchers Stefano Liberati and Luca Maccione suggest spacetime is a fluid with extremely low viscosity, contradicting Einstein's special relativity. This emergent model predicts novel effects on photon propagation, which could be observable with future astrophysical studies.
Researchers investigate quantum fluids and their chaotic motion at near-zero temperatures. The study aims to unlock the mysteries of this phenomenon, which has significant implications for daily life and galactic magnetic fields.
Researchers found an abundance of methanethiol in low-temperature fluids with markers of microbial organic matter, suggesting breakdown of existing subseafloor life produces methanethiol. This contradicts the 'metabolism first' hypothesis and provides evidence that life is widespread below the seafloor.
Researchers attach DNA-coated building blocks to form structures, but simulations predicted defects. They found hydrodynamic effects play a critical role in the structures' formation, making some patterns more likely than others. This discovery improves our understanding of particle assemblies and has implications for various systems.
Rice University scientists have found that a mixture of diamond nanoparticles and mineral oil outperforms other types of fluid in heat transfer applications. The researchers tested the nanofluid at concentrations up to 0.1 percent weight and found significant improvements in thermal conductivity, while maintaining a usable viscosity.
Scientists at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health have discovered a technique to accurately determine the amount of nanomaterials interacting with cells and tissues. The Volumetric Centrifugation Method (VCM) enables hazard rankings of engineered nanoparticles, enabling risk assessors to perform accurate assessments.
Researchers analyzed the Chile earthquake of February 2010, finding that fluid pressure in rocks affects earthquake rupture processes. The study revealed that mechanical coupling between plates controls stress build-up and seismic energy release, with fluid pressure variations linked to subduction zone dynamics.
Citrate, a natural cell by-product, is mixed with water to create a fluid trapped between bone crystals, allowing flexibility and absorbing pressure. Without citrate, crystals fuse together, becoming brittle and prone to shattering.
The new framework was used to understand the dynamics of quantized vortices and their interaction with electrons. The researchers discovered a novel mechanism of vortex multiplication, which explains why unidentified electron objects were found only at lower temperatures.
A study published in Physical Review Letters reveals that exchange rate fluctuations can be modeled using the principles of statistical physics. The research demonstrates that market orders and transactions influence price movements in a manner similar to the impact of thermal agitation on particles in a fluid.
New research from Washington University School of Medicine finds that increased brain cell activity boosts brain fluid levels of tau protein, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The study suggests that brain cells may be secreting tau when they send signals, potentially leading to the spread of disease.
The researchers developed a theoretical model that explains macroscale fluid convection induced by plasmonic nanostructures. They found that the ITO layer is critical for distributing thermal energy and creating fluid convection, enabling new applications in lab-on-a-chip environments.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Birmingham found no evidence of dehydration in regular coffee drinkers who consumed moderate amounts of coffee. The study measured hydration status using various methods and found that coffee consumption contributed to daily fluid requirements, just like other fluids.
A systematic review of 40 studies found that ear tube surgery has no significant impact on hearing, speech, or other functional outcomes beyond a short period. Adenoidectomy also showed limited benefits in reducing time with ear infections and improving hearing up to two years.
A new study found that schools with high test scores do not necessarily improve fluid intelligence skills in students. Despite raising knowledge and boosting test scores, educational practices have little impact on fluid cognitive skills such as working memory capacity and problem-solving.
A microchip-based device developed by MGH researchers may simplify the monitoring of patients' response to treatment for ovarian cancer. The team isolated and identified tumor cells from ascites, an accumulation of fluid in the abdomen that often occurs in abdominal cancers.
Researchers analyzed GPS data from the 2010 Maule earthquake, revealing a 'silent' afterslip that triggered aftershocks. The study suggests local processes, such as pressurized fluids, drive aftershock activity independently of large-scale stress transfer.
Researchers discovered that fire ant rafts can store energy like an elastic material and dissipate energy as a viscous material. The structure of the raft is constantly changing through active rearrangements, allowing it to adapt to external forces.
Researchers investigate plate tephra formation, deep-seated slope failures, and wax lake delta geology. Volcanic processes are linked to magma composition and eruption styles.
A new technique, deformability cytometry, can analyze over 1,000 cells per second and provide more accurate diagnoses than traditional methods. The test uses fluid flow to 'squeeze' individual cells, allowing for detailed analysis of cell properties.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a way to boost heat transfer using magnetic nanoparticles, which could lead to more efficient cooling systems. The system relies on a slurry of tiny magnetite particles that are attracted to the heated surface by magnets, resulting in significantly improved heat transfer.
Researchers found that people with higher pulse pressure in middle age are more likely to have Alzheimer's biomarkers in their spinal fluid. For every 10 point rise in pulse pressure, the average level of p-tau protein rose by 1.5 picograms per milliliter.
The study found that endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage with a combination of a nasocystic drain and transmural stents is more effective than drainage with stents alone in patients with pancreatic pseudocysts containing viscous solid debris. The procedure resulted in lower stent occlusion rates and better clinical outcomes compared ...
Researchers have developed a novel plasma actuator with serpentine geometry that can manipulate fluid flows in new ways. Early results suggest this technology could improve transportation efficiencies by reducing drag, noise, and fuel costs.
A new study funded by NIH suggests that sleep plays a crucial role in removing toxic molecules from the brain, which can contribute to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. The glymphatic system, a plumbing system in the brain, is found to open during sleep, allowing fluid to flow rapidly and clearing out toxins.
Researchers measured levels of proteins in cerebrospinal fluid to predict cognitive impairment, identifying biomarkers that signal potential development of Alzheimer's disease up to five years before symptom onset. The study offers a potential tool for guiding earlier use of treatments and testing new drugs.
A new study reveals that microscopic suspension feeders overcome physical constraints by changing their angle relative to surfaces, maximizing access to fresh water and filtering the surrounding water. These tiny organisms filter up to 25% of seawater daily, making them essential for aquatic ecosystems.
A study comparing the effects of crystalloid and colloid fluids on survival in critically ill patients found no significant difference in 28-day mortality rates between the two groups. The use of colloids was associated with a lower risk of death at 90 days, but this finding requires further investigation.
New research suggests that brain training programs strengthen working memory capacity but do not improve general fluid intelligence. The study found that students who trained on complex span tasks showed transfer to other working memory tasks, but none of the groups showed benefits on measures of fluid intelligence.
Rice University scientists have discovered two novel mechanisms for bubble formation in foam, known as pinch-off behaviors. This discovery could improve the efficiency of enhanced oil recovery methods by making gas act more like a liquid and increasing its contact with reservoir rock.
The study suggests that tree-like structures in lungs minimize energy losses and optimize proximity to alveoli, allowing efficient oxygen delivery. This evolutionary process led to the development of mammalian respiration, distinct from fish-style breathing.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new steering technology that eliminates valves and uses advanced algorithms to precisely control hydraulic pumps, resulting in a 43% increase in fuel efficiency. The system also shows improved machine productivity and reduced operator fatigue.
A study by University of California, Riverside researchers found that older adults' experience and knowledge compensate for declining fluid intelligence. They performed better than younger participants in temporal discounting, financial literacy, and debt literacy.
At the nanoscale, water flows more like ketchup due to container material properties. Researchers found that hydrophilic materials increase water's effective viscosity, making it harder for molecules to move. This study could redefine fluid dynamics and impact designs of tiny mechanical systems.
Researchers have developed a lens that combines the focusing ability of a human eye with the wide-angle view of an insect eye, enabling objects to appear in sharp focus even at varying distances. This technology could lead to improved smartphone camera quality and enhanced depth perception for medical imaging.
Lymphedema is a disease with no cure and little hope for sufferers, where the body fails to circulate lymphatic fluid leading to swelling and permanent tissue remodeling. A new engineering approach may lead to new technologies to test and treat lymphatic disease.