Articles tagged with Fluids
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers are developing molten-salt-based CSP heat transfer fluids with low melting points and low corrosivity to generate steam and electrical power efficiently and cost-effectively. The goal is to reach temperatures of up to 2,400 degrees Fahrenheit to overcome nocturnal drop in power generation capability.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new computational method to identify promising refrigerant fluids with low global warming potential. The new method identified over 1,200 candidates from 56,000 compounds, including fluorinated olefins that react rapidly with atmospheric compounds.
An international team of researchers has developed a way to manipulate cells using fluid flow patterns generated by mechanical oscillations in a microfluidic channel. This technique combines the precision of direct physical contact with the speed of non-contact methods, allowing for high-level control over individual cells.
Scientists observe bumps, folds, vortex-like features, and cracks on the metal surface as it slides, revealing a surprising fluidlike behavior at room temperature. The findings could lead to improved durability of metal parts and better understanding of material behavior.
Researchers discovered that pollutant particles accumulate in specific areas of the urban environment, forming coherent structures. This finding can help generate maps to identify high-pollution zones and inform strategies for mitigating pollution.
Researchers used Active Shape Model to simulate fluid forces acting on breast cancer cells in blood flow. The study aims to develop new therapies targeting metastasis by understanding mechanical properties of cancer cells.
A new study explores the largest kill-off in Earth history, shedding light on the competing roles of tectonics and climate in shaping landscapes. Researchers also investigate the early diagenesis of sulfur in a tropical upwelling system and uncover the origins of belemnites, a group of Mesozoic cephalopods.
A Concordia University study explores how Christian pilgrims give souvenirs to spark interest in religion and perpetuate their faith. Pilgrims believe gifts can open a conversation with God, fulfilling their desire to pass down their faith.
A study by Cliff Frohlich found that most earthquakes in the Barnett Shale region occur near injection wells used for hydraulic fracturing fluids disposal. The study suggests that injection wells enhance the probability of earthquakes, with nearly all quakes being small and posing no danger to the public.
A third of Earth's organisms live in rocks and sediments, yet their lives and ecology are unknown. Researchers at UMass Amherst study methane-exhaling microbes in undersea volcanoes, establishing the first environmental hydrogen threshold for hyperthermophilic methanogens.
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati have identified a new genetic target, pendrin, for diuretic therapy. The study suggests that targeting pendrin could lead to a targeted treatment option for patients with severe fluid overload who may not respond well to current diuretics.
A new study found that 14% of trauma victims developed hypothermia upon arrival, with head injuries and intubation being independent risk factors. The study recommends controlling infusion fluid temperature and using heated ambulances to reduce the incidence of hypothermia.
A novel procedure in JoVE enables scientists to study the effects of interstitial fluid flow on tumor cells, promoting a better understanding of tumor growth and metastasis. The technique mimics in vivo conditions, allowing researchers to evaluate potential new therapies.
Researchers will study Axial Seamount to understand subseafloor microbial processes, carbon cycle, and virus-microbe interactions. They aim to 'break open the black box' of deep-sea microbiology.
Scientists have reprogrammed amniotic fluid cells into a more versatile state similar to embryonic stem cells. The findings suggest that stem cells derived from donated amniotic fluid could be stored in banks and used for therapies, providing a viable alternative to the limited embryonic stem cells currently available.
Physicists developed a two-component model accounting for cell expansion and fluid dynamics. The model revealed that homeostatic pressure, not fluid pressure, drives cell division in biological tissues. This discovery could help understand cancer growth by disrupting homeostasis.
The University of Akron has established a Conquer Chiari Research Center to improve diagnosis and treatment of Chiari malformation, a disorder causing head, neck, and shoulder pain. Researchers will use computational fluid dynamics to simulate brain fluid flow, helping determine if surgery is warranted.
Researchers found that crowd disasters are not caused by individual panic, but rather amplifying feedback and cascading effects. They introduced a new scale to assess criticality of conditions in the crowd, aiming to prevent disasters before they occur.
The study found that the putamen supports the concatenation process of motor chunking, while cortical regions in the left hemisphere respond more during the parsing process. As participants practiced motor sequences, their brains adapted to perform the most efficient movement, suggesting a key role for functional plasticity.
Researchers at National Taiwan University created a two-phase microfluidics technique to systematically stretch polymer strings suspended in fluid flow. By varying wall wettability, flow rate ratio, and Reynolds number, they controlled polymer extension, providing insights into biomolecule structure and behavior.
Research suggests that encouraging people to drink more water is driven by market interests rather than a need for better health. A balanced diet and lifestyle are key to weight loss, with fluid intake from unprocessed sources being equally important.
A new approach to preventing 'high spinal block' may be provided by a simple technique using local anesthetic mixed with magnetized ferrofluids, which can control the spread of spinal anesthesia. Researchers believe this technique could offer a second means of controlling block spread and provide a safeguard against serious complications.
Researchers discovered fluids flow through solid rock at a much faster rate than previously thought, with pulses occurring in a relatively short time along defined paths. This challenges current understanding of the formation of volcanic arcs and their connection to earthquake events.
Researchers developed a model to study the behavior of cellular tissues, finding that they can split into disjointed patches when subjected to unfavorable substrates. This phenomenon, known as dewetting, is governed by the cells' sensitivity to substrate stiffness.
Researchers have created a new instrument that rapidly analyzes the physical properties of cells to identify cancer and other cell states. The deformability cytometer measures cells' responses to fluid flow, providing valuable information about cell health.
Researchers found that Avastin and Lucentis improve vision in patients with AMD, with monthly treatment yielding slightly better results. The study suggests that both drugs can be effective regardless of dosing schedule, providing valuable information for treatment decisions.
A study of Swedish boxers found elevated protein levels in brain fluid after bouts, indicating nerve cell damage. The study suggests that Olympic boxing may cause similar brain injury to Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found DNA links between oral bacteria and failed hip or knee replacements in a study of 36 patients. The study suggests that treating periodontal disease may reduce costly joint replacements.
Scientists at the University of Liverpool have resolved the debate on the mechanisms involved in human cell shut-down during division, finding that receptors can transport nutrients but are temporarily blocked. This discovery may lead to future studies on manipulating this process to prevent harmful infections.
David Shelly has made a dramatic impact on the field of seismology through his pioneering work detecting and locating deep tectonic tremor. He is recognized for his outstanding contributions to seismology, challenging prevailing theories and providing new insights into earthquake behavior.
Researchers are conducting a seismic survey at the Mariana trench to map the distribution of serpentinite in subducting plates and overlying mantle. This will help understand island-arc volcanism and subduction-zone earthquakes, which are among the most powerful in the world.
A new study optimizes fluid mixing in bioreactors by controlling undercurrents to improve cell exposure. Researchers found that rotating inner cylinders and adjusting fluid velocities can create homogeneous feeding of cells from a liquid nutrient supply.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame have found that density stratification has a significant impact on small organisms in aquatic ecosystems. Organisms near pycnoclines experience reduced risk of predation, affording a competitive advantage, which can lead to an accumulation of particles and alter environmental processes.
Scientists have discovered primary exhalative hydrothermal dolostone in the Santanghu area of Xinjiang, China. The dolostone is believed to have formed via mantle-originated hydrothermal activities, providing valuable evidence for primary dolomite formation in geological history.
Researchers found that higher levels of VILIP-1 in the spinal fluid are linked to faster mental decline in patients with early Alzheimer's disease. This study suggests that VILIP-1 may be a better predictor of Alzheimer's progression than other markers.
Scientists at University College Dublin have developed a new method to predict successful IVF embryos by analyzing follicular fluid. The study found metabolic differences between fluids from women who achieved pregnancy and those who did not.
A new theory developed by John J. Toner extends the concept of flocking to include the effects of birth and death, revealing persistent fluctuations in density. This understanding has potential applications in designing targeted cancer therapies that selectively kill diseased cells while leaving healthy ones intact.
A new study finds that seismic faults close to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant have reactivated after a magnitude 9 earthquake in March. The researchers warn of a higher risk of large earthquakes disturbing the region, which could potentially cause another nuclear disaster.
Researchers found that shark skin's denticles boost swimming speed by creating a turbulent flow pattern around the body, reducing drag and increasing propulsion. The unique arrangement of denticles on the skin surface enhances fluid dynamics, leading to a significant improvement in swimming performance.
The new device, created by Javier Atencia, features a diffusion-based gradient generator that reduces the risk of cell damage and offers simplicity. In experiments, cells were exposed to cycloheximide, resulting in increased fluorescence levels as the chemical concentration decreased.
Researchers at Rice University and Texas Children's Hospital have successfully derived vessel-forming stem cells from amniotic fluid, offering hope for repairing infant hearts. The breakthrough could lead to growing tissue patches using the infant's own cells, potentially replacing defective tissue with beating heart tissue.
Shane Ross' CAREER Award project aims to develop better engineering tools to understand fluid motions, with potential applications in drug delivery, cardiovascular health and pollution dispersion. The researcher plans to integrate research and education through team-based projects.
Scientists studying micron-size particles trapped at fluid interfaces found a collective dynamic governed by seemingly unrelated laws. The study uses numerical simulations to model long-range gravitational attraction, which transitions to short-range attractive and repulsive forces at certain length scales.
Physicists at Vienna University of Technology have found a way to break the limits on viscosity, with implications for understanding superfluid helium and quantum theory. The results, published in Physical Review Letters, suggest quark-gluon-plasma can exhibit extremely low viscosity, even below previously established bounds.
A study by Eric Hehman and colleagues found that group status influences integration preferences. When blacks were the dominant group, they preferred assimilation, while whites did not support pluralism as much. The researchers suggest understanding these feelings to coexist in diverse nations.
Dr. Chen's TURBO simulation software is being refined using Ohio Supercomputer Center resources to improve turbomachinery component design. The goal is to develop a reliable prediction technology to enhance engine performance and reduce costs.
Researchers at UC Irvine and UT Arlington discovered how spinning microparticles can guide nerve fiber growth, enabling directed growth of neuronal networks on a chip. The study shows promise for treating spinal or brain injuries by directing regenerating axons to their destinations.
A study found that high tau protein levels in fluid bathing the brain are linked to poor recovery after head trauma. Patients with higher initial tau levels had worse outcomes six to 12 months later.
Researchers at Rice University have developed functionalized graphene oxide to alleviate clogging issues in newly drilled wells. The material forms a thinner, lighter filter cake that allows for improved drilling efficiency and reduced environmental impact.
Researchers found that rock water acts as a lubricant, causing significant differences in mechanical properties along the fault at depth. This supports the idea that fluids play a key role in the onset of earthquakes, and tremor signals are linked to areas with trapped fluids.
Engineers have created a prototype air sampling system that can quickly blow particles off the surfaces of shoes and suck them away for analysis. The system uses air jets to dislodge particles from shoe surfaces, ensuring all liberated particles are transported in the appropriate direction.
Scientists propose a novel mechanism for generating a magnetic field on the moon, driven by physical stirring of the liquid core. The 'geodynamo' could have operated for at least a billion years, explaining the presence of magnetized rocks and making predictions about the strength of the field over time.
A Mayo Clinic study found that dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) CT scans can accurately identify patients with gout, even in those who receive negative results from traditional joint fluid analysis. This non-invasive method is particularly helpful for diagnosing people who cannot undergo the standard test.
A Mayo Clinic study finds that dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) CT scans can accurately diagnose gout in patients who test negative for the condition. The scans are valuable for diagnosing people with joint fluid that cannot be obtained or fluid analysis comes back negative, especially during acute gout attacks.
Researchers have uncovered a compound monogenetic volcano at Ilchulbong, Jeju Island, revealing multiple magma pulses and vent shifts. Additionally, petrographic analysis of Enkingen impact breccias indicates significantly more than previously estimated impact melt volume.
A daily pattern of rising and falling amyloid beta levels in spinal fluid echoes the sleep cycle, with younger individuals exhibiting stronger highs and lows. As people age, this pattern flattens, potentially providing an opportunity for the body to clear away the Alzheimer's marker.
Scientists develop bio-inspired liquid repellence technology, called SLIPS, which can be used in biomedical fluid handling, fuel transport, and anti-fouling technologies. The surfaces are self-healing and can withstand extreme conditions.
Researchers found that high levels of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) can lead to congenital hydrocephalus in mice by disrupting brain development and causing excess cerebrospinal fluid buildup. Blocking LPA's action prevents the effect, offering a potential new treatment for the condition.
According to a survey by Loyola University Health System researchers, nearly half of recreational runners drink too much fluid during races, with 36.5% following a preset schedule and 8.9% drinking as much as possible. The main cause of low sodium in runners is drinking too much water or sports drinks.
Researchers used high-speed microscopy to track particle motions in fluids, revealing the direct link between fluid flow and changes in viscosity. They found that particles are swept away by induced flows, causing fluids to become thinner, while rapid collisions form clusters, making the fluid thicker.