Articles tagged with Particle Physics
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers studied jet energy loss in nucleus-nucleus collisions, revealing a decrease in the jet transport coefficient with increasing medium temperature. This discovery provides a more accurate understanding of jet quenching in high-energy collisions.
Researchers found that pairs of supermassive black holes can merge due to previously overlooked behavior of dark matter particles, proposing a solution to the longstanding final parsec problem. This discovery provides insight into the nature of dark matter and its interaction with supermassive black holes.
A new study by Osaka Metropolitan University researchers suggests that the nuclear structure of titanium-48 changes depending on its distance from the nucleus. The findings provide clues to the α-decay process in heavy nuclei and could help solve a 100-year-old physics mystery.
Researchers at University of Konstanz shape electron matter wave into left- or right-handed coils of mass and charge. This achievement has implications for fundamental physics and potential applications in quantum optics, particle physics, and electron microscopy.
A team of physicists from Poland and Germany have successfully calculated the cross-section for Higgs boson production in gluon-gluon collisions. The calculations suggest that no new physics factors are present in the Higgs boson particle.
Researchers at Lancaster University and others are building the most sensitive dark matter detectors using quantum technologies. They aim to detect dark matter particles weighing between 0.01 to a few hydrogen atoms, which could reveal the mass and interactions of these mysterious particles.
Researchers uncovered details about nuclear structures using relativistic isobar collisions, highlighting differences in multiplicity distribution and elliptic flow. The study employed advanced models and technology to analyze the effects of nuclear deformations and initial fluctuations on ratio observables.
Research using a novel microscopic technique reveals that gold nanoparticles' lethality to cancer cells is more complex than previously thought. Smaller nanoparticles can regenerate and divide after initial stress, while larger star-shaped particles cause oxidative stress leading to programmed cell death.
A UC Riverside study found that large fires in California create a self-sustaining cycle of heat and dryness, making it easier for new fires to start. The extra heat reduces humidity, allowing conditions to become favorable for more fire.
Researchers developed a simple method to measure nano/microplastic concentrations in soil using spectroscopy, eliminating the need for separation processes. The method uses a wavelength combination of 220–260 nm and 280–340 nm to accurately quantify N/MPs in different soil types.
Scientists at the University of Bath discovered a new nonlinear optical property that measures the twist in tiny particles, similar to viruses and bacteria. This finding enables real-time particle size analysis and has significant implications for various fields like display technology, chemical catalysis, and medicine.
Researchers at TU Graz have calculated that metal phthalocyanine molecules generate tiny magnetic fields when irradiated with circularly polarized infrared light. The team aims to experimentally prove the principle, which could lead to high-precision optical switches for quantum computer circuits.
The study reveals sulfur trioxide can form acid sulfuric anhydride products with organic and inorganic acids, contributing to atmospheric new particle formation. These findings improve aerosol formation prediction models, aiding in managing air pollution and mitigating climate change impacts.
The BESIII experiment has made the first measurements of the quantum numbers of X(2370), a particle consistent with a glueball. The study confirms the existence of glueballs, a crucial test of the Standard Model, and provides strong experimental evidence.
Researchers at STAR detector observe charged-particle deflection pattern caused by induced electric current in quark-gluon plasma, providing proof of magnetic fields' existence and a new method to measure conductivity. This discovery may aid in unraveling phase transition mysteries between QGP and nuclear matter.
Scientists at the University of Rochester have developed a technique for pairing particles of light and sound, allowing for faithful conversion of information stored in quantum systems. The method uses surface acoustic waves, which can be accessed and controlled without mechanical contact, enabling strong quantum coupling on any material.
Researchers discovered diamond dust's signal-enhancing properties, outperforming gadolinium. Diamond nanoparticles stay in blood vessels and shine brightly in MRI, without leaking into healthy tissue.
Scientists used a neural network to analyze massive particle collision data from the ATLAS detector, marking the first use of this technique in a collider experiment. The method identified an anomaly that may indicate the existence of an undiscovered particle.
The Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory is receiving a major upgrade thanks to US neutron science facility Jefferson Lab. The final cryomodule has been successfully delivered and will double the power capability of the linear accelerator, enabling next-generation neutron science research. This delivery marks the ...
Researchers at MIT and LBNL created a simplified array of four pixels in tetromino shapes to detect radiation direction, achieving accuracy comparable to large expensive systems. The design reduces engineering costs while improving performance for handling multiple radiation sources.
Researchers pioneer technique to control polaritons, unlocking potential for next-generation materials and surpassing performance limitations of optical displays. The breakthrough enables stable generation of polariton particles with enhanced brightness and color control.
The American Physical Society's 2024 April meeting will feature approximately 1,700 presentations on various physics topics. The scientific program includes a public lecture on detecting gravitational waves with LISA and a special symposium on big questions for the next decade.
A team of biophysicists used computational physics modeling to understand how cells sort themselves into different groups during development. They found that high-density particles do not separate using temperature or energy injection, highlighting the need for alternative mechanisms.
Researchers have developed a reliable and efficient computational method to find transition states in chemical reactions, reducing computational costs by 50-70%. The new method outperforms existing methods like Nudged Elastic Band (NEB), achieving high accuracy in identifying transition states in 98% of cases.
Researchers from the Institute of Nuclear Physics propose using AI to reconstruct particle tracks, which will be crucial for experiments finding new physics. The proposed method uses a deep neural network trained on simulated data and achieves accurate results comparable to classical algorithms.
A Rice University team, led by Wei Li, has received a $15.5 million grant to develop an ultra-fast silicon timing detector for the CMS experiment at the LHC. This technology will enable breakthrough science in heavy ion collisions and provide insights into the strong nuclear force.
Researchers developed a unique microfluidics-based diagnostic system that combines optical tweezers with stimulated Raman spectroscopy to enable fast and accurate diagnosis of leukemia. The device can identify cancer cells based on their metabolic activities and metabolites, providing tailored treatment options.
Scientists will study neutrinos to solve big questions about the universe. UTA is building portions of two detectors in South Dakota and training students to help with the project.
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a nanocryotron, a prototype for an on-off switch that can amplify weak electrical signals from tiny particles in collider experiments. The device could help facilitate the operation of new particle colliders and improve the accuracy of observations.
Researchers at UNIST have developed a method to measure nanometer-sized samples within a transmission electron microscope, utilizing nano-thermometers based on cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. The technique offers improved accuracy and spatial resolution compared to conventional methods.
Researchers demonstrate a way to amplify interactions between particles to overcome environmental noise, enabling the study of entanglement in larger systems. This breakthrough holds promise for practical applications in sensor technology and environmental monitoring.
Researchers from Shibaura Institute of Technology develop new methodology to accurately simulate soil behavior in rigid state, leveraging MSP method and Bingham fluid biviscosity model. The study highlights the impact of parameters on simulation accuracy and computational costs.
Scientists have successfully created and identified merons in synthetic antiferromagnets, which are rare collective topological structures. The achievement was made possible through extensive simulations and experiments by researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz.
Physicists at the University of Southampton successfully detect weak gravitational pull on microscopic particles using a new technique. The experiment, published in Science Advances, could pave the way to finding the elusive quantum gravity theory.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a new type of emergent particle, the six-flux composite fermion, which explains rare quantum states in host materials. This discovery expands our understanding of topological electron physics and has significant implications for the ordering of known fractional quantum Hall states.
The new camera data from SPT-3G telescope promises even more detail on the universe's origins and nature. Scientists measured faint light known as cosmic microwave background, which is the afterglow of the Big Bang.
Physicists at Leipzig University have developed a neural network that uses active colloidal particles for artificial intelligence. The system reduces noise and increases efficiency in calculations by utilizing past states of the reservoir.
In a study, an international team of physicists demonstrated that maximum entanglement is present in the proton even when pomerons are involved. The research complements previous findings on maximal entanglement in proton collisions and shows its universality.
Researchers discovered frequent aerosol particle formation events in Siberia's West Siberian taiga during heatwave conditions. This may have a mitigating cooling effect on the climate. The study aims to inform decision-making and improve understanding of forest-atmosphere interactions.
Researchers at Hiroshima University have found that quantum systems exhibit contextual behavior, where measurements change the results, rather than particles separating from their properties. This discovery sheds light on the counterintuitive nature of quantum mechanics and may lead to practical applications in quantum computing.
Researchers studied polymeric nitrogen's properties, including cubic gauche, layered, and hexagonal forms, using advanced spectroscopy techniques. The study highlights the need for further research on synthesis methods, diagnostic methods, and high-pressure electronic band structure.
Researchers conducted pump-probe experiments to clarify the reaction mechanism and dynamic process of high explosives. The studies employed advanced techniques like dynamic flyer imaging, X-ray diffraction, and ultrafast dynamics, enabling the investigation of internal deformation, phase transition, and ultrafast dynamics.
The Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5) report recommends budget-conscious investments in high-energy physics research. The US government will support the Large Hadron Collider, Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment, CMB-S4, and IceCube-Gen2 facilities for transformative discoveries related to fundamental physics.
Researchers have developed a new technique to understand the relationship between atomic structure and electric polarization in 2D van der Waals ferroelectric materials. This discovery is expected to revolutionize domain engineering in these materials, positioning them as fundamental building blocks for advanced devices.
Researchers detect ultra-high-energy cosmic ray with an energy level comparable to the 'Oh-My-God' particle, raising questions about its origins. The Amaterasu particle's unusual properties are being further investigated through upgraded experiments and next-generation observatories.
Researchers analyzed proton-proton collisions to understand the hadronization process, a phenomenon critical to our understanding of physical reality. The study found that quark-gluon plasma can be produced in single proton collisions and that correlations between particles are influenced by angles with respect to the beam axis.
Research by Dominik Stolzenburg reveals that aerosols from volatile organic substances can cluster together to form condensation nuclei for water vapor. This process affects cloud density and global warming, potentially offsetting the effect of CO2 increases on climate change.
Physicists William Raphael Hix and John Lajoie were elected Fellows of the American Physical Society for their outstanding contributions to physics research. They are recognized for their work on explosive thermonuclear burning, stellar nucleosynthesis, and the development of advanced trigger systems that enabled the discovery of the q...
Researchers have proposed using quasiparticles to create ultra-bright light sources, mimicking the properties of particles moving faster than light. These potential light sources could revolutionize fields like non-destructive imaging, computer chip manufacturing, and scientific research.
Researchers observed and analyzed approximately 17,000 images from the Subaru Telescope to identify 13 extensive air showers. This new method can determine individual particle types, advancing understanding of these cosmic-ray phenomena.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have discovered a method to generate molecular ions from an ionic crystal by bombarding it with positrons. This breakthrough could lead to new applications in materials science, cancer therapy, and quantum computing.
Researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology have successfully tested quantum annealing on a D-Wave 2000Q quantum computer for optimizing continuous-variable functions. The study found that QA can significantly outperform state-of-the-art classical algorithms, especially when the energy barrier is high.
Researchers detected nine types of polymers and one type of rubber in cloud water, confirming microplastics play a key role in rapid cloud formation. The presence of hydrophilic polymers in the atmosphere could lead to significant changes in ecological balance and severe loss of biodiversity.
Researchers confirmed that antimatter falls under the influence of gravity, ruling out gravitational repulsion as a cause for its absence in the universe. The study used an antihydrogen experiment to observe individual atoms taking a downward path, providing a definitive answer to long-standing questions about antimatter's behavior.
Physicists from the Polish Academy of Sciences develop new theoretical tools to study collisions at extreme energies. The phenomenon is fast and involves small particles that cannot be observed directly, requiring
A research team from Tokyo University of Science has developed a novel synthesis route to produce a wide variety of sulfinate esters using readily available compounds. The new method uses thioesters, which are odorless and stable, eliminating the challenges associated with handling thiols.
Researchers developed a photoelectrochemical technique to precisely tune the lasing wavelength of microdisk lasers with subnanometric accuracy. The new approach facilitates the fabrication of micro- and nano-laser batches with precise emission wavelengths.
Scientists developed a novel technique to evaluate carbon particle dispersion in battery electrode slurries, enabling enhanced battery electrodes. The study's results show that measuring viscosity and electrochemical impedance can provide insights into dispersibility.
A new study led by Dr. Xuekun Lu has found a way to prevent lithium plating in electric vehicle batteries, which could lead to faster charging times and improve the battery's energy density. The research also reveals that refining the microstructure of the graphite electrode can minimize the risk of lithium plating.
Scientists at CUNY ASRC have shown that photons can collide and interact, allowing for new technologies to be developed. This breakthrough enables the manipulation of wave propagation, benefiting wireless communications, imaging, computing, and energy harvesting technologies.