Articles tagged with Particle Physics
Researchers from RIKEN and their international collaborators used deep learning techniques to analyze unexamined nuclear emulsion data and identified a new double-Lambda hypernucleus. This is the world's first AI-assisted observation of such an exotic nucleus, providing new insight into neutron star cores.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new method for attaching fluorine-18 to trifluoromethyl groups, enabling the tagging of previously inaccessible targets in PET scans. This breakthrough expands the range of molecules that can be imaged, potentially leading to earlier diagnoses and more targeted treatments for diseases.
The MicroBooNE collaboration has ruled out the possibility of a light sterile neutrino, a hypothetical particle that had long been speculated as a solution to open questions in particle physics. This result narrows the field of possibilities for explaining one of today's biggest puzzles in neutrino physics.
Researchers have successfully detected the interaction of neutrinos with carbon atoms in a vast underground detector, marking a breakthrough in understanding stellar processes, nuclear fusion, and the universe. The observation uses a unique 'delayed coincidence' method to separate real neutrino interactions from background noise.
Researchers have discovered a new 'Island of Inversion' in the most symmetric region of the nuclear chart, where protons and neutrons equal each other. This finding challenges long-held assumptions about structural inversions and provides insights into fundamental forces that bind matter together.
The LHC accelerator confirms an improved model of proton collisions, with implications for our understanding of quantum mechanics. The generalized dipole model describes existing data more accurately and works well in a wider range of energies.
A team of physicists at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz has taken an important step toward answering the question of why lead behaves differently from other atomic nuclei when struck by electrons. The new measurement reveals unexpected behaviour in heavy nuclei, intensifying a long-standing puzzle that current theory cannot explain.
The KATRIN collaboration presents the most precise direct search for sterile neutrinos through measurements of tritium β-decay. No sign of a sterile neutrino was found, excluding a large region of parameter space suggested by earlier anomalies. The result relies on distinct detection methods and complements oscillation experiments.
Physicists discovered connections between Ramanujan's formulae for pi and fundamental physics theories like conformal field theories. The formulas, developed in the early 20th century, yield efficient calculations for phenomena like turbulence and black holes.
Researchers at the University of York have discovered a way to harness radiation from particle accelerator beam dumps to produce medical isotopes used in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Copper-67 is a rare isotope with limited global supplies, but this method could generate it without affecting main physics experiments.
The German Research Foundation has awarded a €10 million grant to the Collaborative Research Centre 211 'Strong-Interaction Matter under Extreme Conditions' for its third phase, extending funding for another 3.5 years.
The JUNO experiment has successfully measured solar neutrino oscillation parameters with a factor of 1.5 to 1.8 better precision than previous experiments. This confirms the existing discrepancy known as the solar neutrino tension, which could be proved or disproved using both solar and reactor neutrinos.
Physicists from Swansea University have developed a groundbreaking method for producing and trapping antihydrogen, allowing for the record trapping of 15,000 atoms in under seven hours. This breakthrough could help answer the question of why there is such an imbalance between matter and antimatter.
Researchers discovered a new optical principle to amplify light in water using non-harmonic two-color femtosecond laser excitation. This breakthrough achieves a 1,000-fold enhancement in broadband white-light output and unlocks advances in bioimaging and ultrafast spectroscopy.
Researchers have developed a numerical model to optimize avalanche photodiodes for detecting photons in ultraviolet wavelengths. The study improved the design of Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes, resulting in high single-photon detection efficiencies up to 71% for photons with a wavelength of 340 nm.
A research team developed a comprehensive manufacturing approach for stretchable synaptic transistors, enhancing electro-mechanical stability and learning accuracy. The architecture of devices plays a crucial role in maintaining stable electrical behavior under deformation.
Researchers developed a new method to probe an atom's nucleus using its own electrons as messengers within a molecule. They measured the energy of electrons whizzing around a radium atom in a molecule, detecting a slight energy shift and analyzing it to sense the internal structure of the nucleus.
Physicists have analyzed how neutrinos change 'flavor' as they travel through the cosmos, gaining insights into their masses and evolution. The study's findings hint at possible Charge-Parity violation in neutrinos and their antimatter counterparts, with researchers seeking more data to answer fundamental questions about the universe.
Researchers at Aalto University have successfully connected a time crystal to an external system, enabling the development of highly accurate sensors and memory systems for quantum computers. This breakthrough could significantly boost the power of quantum computing by harnessing the unique properties of time crystals.
Physicists from the Institute of Nuclear Physics in Cracow confirmed the validity of the core-halo model by observing coherent production of triplets of pions in high-energy proton collisions. This achievement provides new insights into hadronisation, a process that shapes the matter universe.
Researchers at the University of York suggest Dark Matter could impart a subtle red or blue tint to light as it passes through regions with Dark Matter presence. Detecting such effects could open up a new way to study invisible mass in the cosmos.
Ben Jones, UTA physics professor, receives $1.3 million grant to search for rare processes involving neutrinos. The grant supports his project on neutrinoless double electron capture in argon or krypton gases.
Researchers create nanoscale slots to tune phonon vibrations, enabling ultrastrong coupling and hybrid quantum states in lead halide perovskite. This breakthrough could improve energy flow and performance in optoelectronics.
The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment has narrowed down the possibilities for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), a leading dark matter candidate. By analyzing 280 days' worth of data and using sophisticated techniques to rule out backgrounds, scientists have pushed the boundary into a new regime in their search for dark matter.
A new study published in Nature Photonics reveals that virtual charges significantly influence the material's response to ultrashort light pulses. The research, conducted by Politecnico di Milano and other institutions, used advanced techniques to isolate the effect of virtual vertical transitions on monocrystalline diamonds.
Gravitinos, charged particles with spin 3/2, are suggested as a new alternative to existing Dark Matter candidates like axions and WIMPs. The JUNO detector, currently under construction, is well-suited for detecting gravitinos due to its large volume.
Recent detection of a record-setting neutrino may be the first evidence of Hawking radiation from a primordial black hole. If confirmed, it would indicate that PBHs make up most of dark matter in the universe.
Researchers applied particle physics techniques to measure sediment buildup in underwater infrastructure using muography, a noninvasive imaging technique. They successfully identified locations with high levels of sediment buildup and plan to deploy permanent detectors for round-the-clock monitoring.
A sophisticated neutron flux diagnostic system will gather knowledge of plasma and power released in nuclear reactions at ITER. The High Resolution Neutron Spectrometer (HRNS) measures both neutron number and energies, providing information on fuel composition, ion temperature, and combustion quality.
A new study from Mizzou's College of Veterinary Medicine analyzed the effects of radioactive iodine therapy on thyroid cancer in dogs. The research found that tailoring the dose of radiation more precisely for each dog could improve outcomes and potentially lead to more targeted care.
Researchers at MIT introduce the concept of a neutrino laser that uses cooled radioactive atoms to produce amplified neutrino beams. By cooling rubidium-83 to near absolute zero, the team predicts accelerated radioactive decay and production of neutrinos. This innovation could lead to new applications in medicine and communication.
The sPHENIX detector precisely measured particles from high-speed collisions, revealing properties of quark-gluon plasma. This achievement enables scientists to reconstruct the early universe's conditions.
The study reveals that when physical constraints are removed, human mobility follows a power-law pattern, decreasing steadily with distance. The researchers found this pattern across five orders of magnitude, from 10 meters to hundreds of kilometers.
Andreas Papaefstathiou's research will help elevate the study of particle physics in nuclear collisions at Kennesaw State University. The grant will also contribute to the development of a new particle collider in the US, strengthening partnerships between universities.
Researchers at Mainz University have observed the transition of a two-dimensional ordered lattice structure into a disordered state in real time using skyrmions. The two-step melting process involves the loss of translational and orientation order, leading to complete dissolution of the lattice.
Physicists used a machine-learning method to identify surprising new twists on the non-reciprocal forces governing a many-body system. The AI approach provides precise approximations for these forces, correcting common theoretical assumptions with an accuracy of over 99%.
Scientists from the University of Kansas developed a technique to track ultra-peripheral collisions between protons and ions, resulting in the creation of gold momentarily. The discovery was made possible by studying photon-photon collisions, which are incredibly clean events with almost nothing else produced.
MIT physicists performed an idealized version of the double-slit experiment, confirming light behaves as both a particle and wave. The more information obtained about light's path, the lower the visibility of the interference pattern was.
Researchers at National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology developed a technique to decompose polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) into gaseous products using electron beam irradiation. This process reduces energy required by 50% compared to traditional methods, making large-scale recycling of fluoropolymers more viable.
Researchers at MURR have optimized Terbium-161 for radiopharmaceutical use, enabling targeted destruction of cancer cells with high-energy electrons. The breakthrough could add extra therapeutic effectiveness to existing treatments without requiring new drug development.
Researchers developed a practical solution to verify radiation quality in clinical practice, enabling precise determination of biological effects and effective cancer cell destruction. This innovation allows for better planning and reduced damage to healthy tissues.
Researchers successfully confirmed long-standing 'electron tunneling' phenomenon, revealing surprising interactions between electrons and atomic nuclei during tunneling. The study's findings have significant implications for advanced technologies like semiconductors, quantum computers, and ultrafast lasers.
Researchers propose a novel method for detecting dark matter using thorium-229 nucleus properties, with potential to detect forces 10 trillion times weaker than gravity. The new approach aims to identify minute deviations in the absorption spectrum of thorium-229 to reveal dark matter's influence.
Researchers at Stevens Institute of Technology have developed a groundbreaking formula that describes the relationship between a quantum object's wave-ness and particle-ness. This breakthrough enables more precise imaging techniques, such as quantum imaging with undetected photons, which can accurately map the shape of an object even i...
Researchers at ETH Zurich and international teams use precision atomic spectroscopy to detect a hypothetical force in atoms. The team measured energy shifts in isotopes with high accuracy, setting bounds on the mass and charge of the new particle.
A new study presents a unified approach to first principles calculations of Parton physics in hadrons, combining two distinct theoretical approaches for extracting parton distributions. The study uses Large-Momentum Effective Theory (LaMET) and short-distance expansion (SDE), which provide complementary insights into parton behavior.
An international team directly observes highly charged muonic ions, a new class of exotic atomic systems, in a gas-phase experiment. This achievement demonstrates the capabilities of advanced spectroscopic techniques and paves the way for expanded research into muonic atomic systems.
Researchers developed a five-dimensional Langevin model to accurately predict fission fragment distributions and kinetic energies in medium-mass mercury isotopes. The model captures unusual 'double-humped' fragment mass distribution observed in mercury-180, providing new insights into nuclear shell effects.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences have synthesized a new, highly neutron-deficient isotope of protactinium, protactinium-210. The discovery validates the facility's capability for studying heavy and superheavy nuclei.
Researchers aim to harness muon beams for higher collision energy, enabling breakthroughs in particle physics. The goal is to understand dark matter and the Higgs boson's role in the universe's birth and potential collapse.
A new model details the kinetics of exciton dynamics in OLED materials, enhancing lifetime and accelerating material development. The findings have potential to improve fluorescence efficiency, leading to more advanced OLED devices.
The study confirms QED theory by measuring the g-factor of lithium-like tin with high precision. The experimental value agrees well with the theoretical prediction within the uncertainty of the calculation.
The team measured the radius of the nucleus of muonic helium-3 with a precision of around 15 times more than previous experiments, providing important reference values for modern ab initio theories. The result is an important stress test for theories and future experiments in atomic physics.
University of Missouri scientists have developed an ice lithography technique that etches small patterns onto fragile biological surfaces without damaging them. The method uses frozen ethanol to protect the surface and apply precise patterns.
Scientists have developed a novel CT-ICT system that utilizes a pyrazinacene derivative to facilitate reversible color-changing properties. The system, which co-crystallizes with naphthalene, demonstrates a dramatic color shift from greenish-blue to red-violet.
An international team identified a new region of heavy, neutron-deficient isotopes where nuclear fission is predominantly governed by an asymmetric mode. The research found increasingly asymmetric fission in these nuclei, characterized by light krypton fragments, marking the discovery of a new island in the nuclear chart.
A recent study published in Physics Letters B reveals that quarks can defy expectations when hit by high-energy electrons, challenging long-held ideas about symmetry in nuclear physics. The research team's findings may impact how future experiments interpret quark behavior and the structure of matter.
The University of Texas at Arlington's nursing and physics team has developed a system to study alpha radiation, improving the effectiveness of radiation therapy. The team's research was recognized with the Best in Physics award at the American Association of Physicists in Medicine's annual meeting.
Scientists from the NA61/SHINE experiment have observed a clear anomaly indicative of a violation of flavor symmetry between up and down quarks. The study used argon and scandium atomic nuclei and reported an overproduction of charged kaons, contradicting theoretical predictions.
Researchers at MIT have captured the first images of individual atoms freely interacting in space, visualizing never-before-seen quantum phenomena. The technique allows scientists to directly observe correlations among 'bosons' and fermions, shedding light on their behavior and interactions.