Articles tagged with Organoids
Researchers discovered how an offshoot of vitamin A generates the cells that enable people to see millions of colors. The study found that a molecule called retinoic acid determines whether a cone will specialize in sensing red or green light, making humans uniquely color-savvy.
The Organoid group at the Hubrecht Institute produced the first organoid model of the human conjunctiva, which functions like real human conjunctiva. The researchers discovered a new cell type called tuft cells that become more abundant under allergy-like conditions and play a role in eye's reaction to allergies.
Researchers have discovered how pioneer transcription factors, such as FOXA and OCT4, coordinate with epigenetic repressors to safeguard cell fate, enabling precise manipulation of cell fate in cellular programming and reprogramming. This breakthrough has important implications for scaling up organoid and tissue engineering technology.
Scientists have developed mini-brains from human fetal brain tissue that self-organize in vitro. These lab-grown organoids can study brain development and disease, including brain tumors. They offer a valuable means to untangle the complex network of molecules involved in directing brain development.
A novel human brain organoid model generates all major cell types of the cerebellum, including functional Purkinje neurons. This breakthrough provides a new way to explore cerebellar development and disorders, advancing therapeutic interventions.
A drug screening system modeling cancers with lab-grown tissues called organoids helped uncover a promising target for future pancreatic cancer treatments. Researchers identified an existing heart drug, perhexiline maleate, that powerfully suppresses the growth of pancreatic tumor organoids.
A study by Waseda University explores the effects of different vascularization strategies on brain organoids, improving cell differentiation and transcriptome profiles. Vascularized cerebral organoids exhibit a gene expression profile closer to fetal human brains than non-vascularized ones.
Researchers have developed a new model for studying pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors, which may indicate that patients with EGF-dependent NETs can be treated with EGF receptor inhibitors. This discovery provides a promising route of treatment for aggressive pulmonary NETs.
A new organoid model replicates the dopaminergic system's structure, connectivity, and functionality, shedding light on its intricate functionality and potential implications for Parkinson’s disease. The model also uncovers the enduring effects of chronic cocaine exposure on the dopaminergic circuit, even after withdrawal.
Researchers at the Princess Máxima Center and Hubrecht Institute developed a new cortex organoid that more accurately captures essential features of the human brain. The mini-organs can be used to model pediatric brain tumors, offering potential targets for treatment.
Researchers create a new, multi-chamber organoid model of the human heart, enabling them to advance screening platforms for drug development, toxicology studies, and understanding heart development. The model reveals intricate communication between chambers and provides insight into early heart development.
A new method has been developed to rapidly identify genes that drive tumor growth in various types of cancers. Organoids were used to test candidate genes, revealing promising targets for precision oncology. The study's findings may lead to the development of targeted therapies for patients with esophageal squamous cancer.
Researchers at IMBA Institute of Molecular Biotechnology have identified a new gene, Daam1, that plays an essential role in switching on the development of secretory cells in the intestine. The finding opens new perspectives in cancer research.
Researchers at MUSC and Cincinnati Children's have developed a novel colon organoid model with naturally occurring immune cells. The model has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for colon-related diseases such as cancer and IBD by providing a more complete human organoid system that can be used to model inflammation in the colon.
Researchers at Kanazawa University found that genetic alterations underlie the dual function of activins in colorectal cancer. Mutations in genes such as Kras and Trp53 can promote tumor progression while also suppressing it, highlighting the complex role of TGF-ß signaling.
A new USC study reveals that variants of the autism-linked gene SYNGAP1 can disrupt early brain development in the cortex, a region involved in higher-order cognitive functions. The research found that disease-causing variants of SYNGAP1 alter the cells' cytoskeletons and lead to disorganized neural circuits.
A study using human mini guts reveals a link between high polyp proliferation and increased serotonin production, which may lead to new treatments for Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. The findings suggest that serotonin inhibitors could improve the outcome of this disease.
Scientists have developed a way to regulate gene expression in organoids using optogenetics, enabling the observation of cell behavior and development patterns. This breakthrough allows for more accurate reproduction of tissue processes in the petri dish.
Researchers used gut organoids to study gut cell differentiation, identifying ZNF800 as a key regulator of enteroendocrine cells. The discovery could have implications for understanding gastrointestinal diseases and endocrine disorders.
Researchers identified a gut-lung axis driven by intestinal antimicrobial peptide expression and mediated by the intestinal microbiota that influences hyperoxia-induced lung injury. Supplemental lysozyme reduced lung injury in neonatal mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
Researchers have developed a lab-grown human skin model that effectively replicates mpox virus infections, providing insights into the virus's mechanisms of attack on skin cells. The study reveals how the virus causes disease and identifies potential therapeutic targets, including an antiviral drug called tecovirimat.
Researchers have developed a human vascular organoid model that accurately mimics the damage caused by SARS-CoV-2, revealing clues for a potential COVID-19 treatment. The study identified a long-acting monoclonal antibody targeting factor D as a promising approach to mitigate severe vascular damage and thrombosis associated with COVID-19.
Researchers identified dozens of genes implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders, which have similar effects on brain function. The study uses a new method to sort defective genes by their function, accelerating drug development for these disorders.
A new biomimetic chip has been developed to simulate the human gastric mucosa, combining organoid and organ-on-a-chip technologies. The biochip replicates mechanical stimulation and cell-to-cell interactions, mimicking key features of the human stomach's defense mechanisms.
A preclinical study suggests that nanowired cardiac organoids could repair hearts instead of just preventing further damage. The treatment, led by Dr. Mei and Ryan Barrs, showed a 69% increase in heart function, promising a new therapy for heart disease.
Researchers developed a technique called CHOOSE that allows them to test the effect of multiple mutations in parallel and at a single-cell level within human brain organoids. The study identified critical transcriptional changes regulated through common networks, or GRNs, and found that some cell types are more susceptible to autism mu...
Researchers used base editors to introduce specific combinations of activating and inactivating mutations into healthy organoids, creating realistic models for various types of cancer. This allows for further investigation into the development and treatment of cancer, with potential applications including testing new drugs.
Researchers successfully created stem-cell derived organoids from human stem cells that secrete three essential enamel proteins. These proteins form a matrix that undergoes mineralization to create a hardened enamel structure. The breakthrough offers hope for developing novel treatments to repair and regenerate teeth.
Scientists have developed a synthetic extracellular matrix that can support the growth of mini endometria in a dish for at least two weeks. This allows researchers to study its role in healthy and diseased states, such as endometriosis, by extrapolating from patient samples.
Researchers found an abnormal imbalance of excitatory cortical neurons in people with autism spectrum disorder, depending on their head size. The study used human 'mini-brain' models called organoids to recreate the brain development alteration that occurred in patients during fetal development.
Researchers developed AirGels, bioengineered models of human lung tissue, to study airway infections in a more realistic manner. They found that Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces contraction of the host's mucus using type IV pili, contributing to biofilm formation.
The PULSE project combines magnetic and acoustic levitation to bioprint highly sophisticated organoids that closely mimic human organs. These in vitro heart models will provide invaluable insights into cardiac physiology and pathology, enabling the development of preventive and therapeutic solutions.
A new Northwestern Medicine study has furthered the understanding of metabolic pathways underlying organ development, specifically eye development. The research found that aerobic glycolysis and production of lactate regulate critical genes required for early eye development.
Scientists have created human brain organoids free of animal cells, which could greatly improve the study and treatment of neurodegenerative conditions. The novel method uses an engineered extracellular matrix to support stem cell growth, resulting in more accurate models of brain development.
Researchers at Max Delbrück Center developed a new model of the brain using human stem cells, which showed promise in treating HSV-1 induced encephalitis. By combining an anti-viral with an anti-inflammatory drug, they were able to prevent tissue damage and promote recovery.
The Hotchkiss Brain Institute will recruit and train emerging neuroscience research leaders to improve brain and mental health globally. Dr. Deepika Dogra's innovative method screens anti-seizure drugs for children using cerebral organoids.
The USC Stem Cell team is developing artificial kidney organoids using human stem cells and synthetic biology. They aim to create a functional kidney that resembles the real thing in function but not in form.
Researchers achieve 3D printing within mini-organs growing in hydrogels, allowing for precise control over shape, activity, and tissue growth. This breakthrough enables the creation of realistic models of organs and disease, with potential applications in cancer research and treatment.
Scientists have successfully converted human pluripotent stem cells into purified pituitary cells that secrete adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), a hormone normally produced by the pituitary gland. Transplantation of these cells into mice with hypopituitarism resulted in long-lasting improvement in ACTH levels.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a new method to bioprint miniature tumor organoids that can mimic the function and architecture of real tumors. This allows for the accurate measurement of individual organoids, enabling the identification of personalized treatments for people with rare or hard-to-treat cancers.
Researchers have developed a technology to grow genetically identical mini lungs on microchips, enabling high-throughput analysis of lung tissue infections and identification of candidate therapeutics. The platform can track thousands of lung buds at once, revolutionizing the study of respiratory diseases like COVID-19.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have successfully converted human stomach stem cells into insulin-secreting cells, offering a promising approach to treating type 1 and severe type 2 diabetes. The transplants reversed disease signs in mouse models, suggesting good durability.
The PARIS Test, a CLIA-certified drug sensitivity assay, uses patient-derived tumor organoids to screen an array of drugs and develop personalized treatment reports. Ibrutinib, a BTK inhibitor approved only for certain leukemias and lymphomas, was identified as the optimal treatment for a patient with ovarian cancer.
Scientists have developed a new method to genetically modify brain organoids, allowing for quick and effective analysis of gene function in early stages of brain development. This breakthrough enables comparative studies across primate species and simulates neurological diseases without animal experiments.
Researchers developed a biobank of head and neck cancer organoids to validate biomarkers and predict treatment responses. The study found that organoid responses matched patient outcomes, suggesting potential for personalized therapies.
Researchers create a human-brain-like environment to study microglia development and function for the first time in living human-derived tissue. The findings suggest that brain environment influences microglia development and function, particularly in diseases such as autism spectrum disorder and Alzheimer's disease.
Human brain organoids, grown in labs from stem cells, raise questions about personhood. Researchers propose a legal framework to understand their potential personhood and uses.
Researchers created organoids from patient tissues to test chemotherapy drugs and identified genetic signatures that predict treatment response, offering high accuracy in personalized drug screening. This breakthrough may help select effective drugs for individual patients, reducing trial and error.
Researchers have created a detailed map of human retinal organoid development, revealing information on cell types, proteins, and gene expression. The study uses advanced imaging techniques to visualize multiple proteins simultaneously and provides insights into retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa.
Cincinnati Children's scientists have successfully grown functional human intestinal organoids that mimic key development stages of the human fetus. These lab-grown tissues accurately replicate the formation of specific cell types and tissue structures, providing a valuable resource for studying fetal intestine development and potentia...
Researchers used human liver organoids to study fibrolamellar carcinoma, a rare childhood liver cancer. They found that different genetic mutations underlie different degrees of aggressiveness in the tumors, and uncovered the probable cell-of-origin as hepatocytes.
A research team created the first human respiratory organoid culture system, enabling scientists to study COVID-19 and its variants. The study found that the BA.5 Omicron variant exhibits dramatically increased infectivity and replicative capacity in human nasal and airway organoids.
Researchers have developed an organoid-based method to assess the potency of glycoconjugate vaccines, speeding up the vaccine development process. This method uses tissue from a single mouse to create hundreds of immune organoids, allowing for the assessment of dozens or even hundreds of vaccine candidates in just four days.
Researchers have developed a new technique to study the molecular causes of pediatric bipolar disorder by growing brain cells in the laboratory. The approach identified significant changes linked to the psychiatric condition, including a gene mutation that may be responsible for the disorder.
Scientists create B cell organoids to screen conjugate vaccine candidates, identifying antigen-specific antibodies with potential applications. The platform accelerates testing throughput, offering insights into the immune response to vaccines.
Scientists at RIKEN have developed a new technique for creating complex 3D organoids using a cube-like structure made of hydrogels. This innovation enables researchers to control the environment around cells, allowing for the creation of tissues with faithful reproduction of asymmetric genetic expression. The technology has the potenti...
A UNIGE team created customizable treatments by testing drugs on artificial tumors derived from patients' cancer tissue. The approach opens the way for optimized and tailored therapies against various cancers and diseases.
Researchers at TUM have developed a method to create mini-hearts in Petri dishes using stem cells. The resulting organoids mimic the earliest stages of human heart development and can be used to investigate congenital heart defects, potentially leading to new treatment methods.
The March special issue of SLAS Discovery introduces protocol articles highlighting detailed scientific methods and procedures in drug discovery. The issue covers topics such as 3D imaging, cancer treatments, and high-throughput screening, emphasizing transparency and rigor in research methodology.
Scientists have mapped the complete trajectory of placental development, shedding light on why pregnancy disorders occur. The study reveals new information on cell communication and trophoblast development, providing a better understanding of the process.