Articles tagged with Organoids
Researchers at Texas Biomedical Research Institute developed a human cell culture model of alveolar macrophages, which helped make a key finding about the role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in tuberculosis (TB). The study found that TNF is critical to protect against TB but not other infectious diseases.
Organoids are miniature organs that capture specific organ structures and functions. They have been shown to shed light on genetic cell fates in various diseases, including infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and malignancies.
Researchers found inhibiting ACMSD increases NAD+ levels, reducing inflammation and fibrosis in mouse models of MASLD/MASH. Boosting NAD+ production could protect against severe liver damage and cirrhosis.
Researchers from the Hubrecht Institute found that tuft cells can proliferate and generate new epithelial cell types, restoring damaged gut tissue. This discovery may have important implications for regenerative medicine.
Researchers have developed a lab-grown spine model that can test the effects of valproic acid on fetal development. The study found that co-treatment with Rapamycin can prevent the negative effects of valproic acid, enabling women to take life-saving medication while having healthy children.
Researchers at University of California - San Diego have discovered that Crohn's disease consists of two distinct molecular subtypes, each exhibiting unique patterns of genetic mutation and cellular phenotypes. This finding could lead to more effective management strategies, with therapies tailored to specific subtypes.
Researchers at UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center developed a biobank of 294 samples from 126 patients with 25 different subtypes of bone and soft tissue sarcoma. The team created tumor organoids that retained key characteristics of the original tumors, which were then subjected to high-throughput drug screening. They iden...
The Harvard team successfully recreated the satellite cell niche using 3D organoid culture techniques, generating stem cells that closely resemble native adult stem cells. These cells can engraft, repopulate the stem cell niche, persist long-term, and regenerate muscle after repeated injury.
Researchers at Heidelberg University developed a novel technique to create more complex organoids by controlling the release of growth factors and signaling molecules. This breakthrough enables the formation of realistic cell mixes, mimicking natural tissues and opening up new possibilities for engineering improved cellular complexity.
Holotomography offers a promising approach to biomedical research, providing high-resolution images of live cells and tissues at the organelle level. The KAIST research team has developed core technologies and demonstrated its applications in various fields, including regenerative medicine and cancer research.
Researchers found that Chlamydia bacteria can persist in the intestines of humans, where they form a permanent reservoir and evade antibiotic treatment. The bacteria preferentially infect the inner cell layer of intestinal organoids, but not the outer epithelial layer.
A study published in Nature Communications implicates the gene CHCHD2 in Huntington's disease progression and identifies it as a potential therapeutic target. The researchers found that mutations in the HTT gene affect CHCHD2, which is involved in maintaining mitochondrial function.
Researchers have successfully infected gastrointestinal epithelial cells with Chlamydia trachomatis using lab-grown human organoids. This finding supports the theory that Chlamydia can form a reservoir in the human gut, highlighting the importance of further investigation into this potential reservoir.
A study of over 900 children with autism spectrum disorder found that brain overgrowth is associated with increased social and communication symptoms. The research used MRI brain images and mini-brain experiments to show that enlarged brains are linked to altered Ndel1 enzyme activity, potentially affecting brain development.
Organoids models provide a comprehensive understanding of gastrointestinal disease etiology, highlighting complex interactions between genetic predisposition and gut microbiota. The review demonstrates the application of organoid models from bench to clinic for simulating host-microbial interactions and developing treatment strategies.
Researchers found anomalies in embryonic development of individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which could lead to new treatment options. These abnormalities were recreated in laboratory-grown tissue cultures called organoids, revealing key insights into the disease's progression.
Human lung organoids can form lifelike models for tuberculosis infection, enabling the testing of anti-tuberculosis drugs. These models may also facilitate the development of host-directed therapies.
Researchers found that epalrestat increased sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer tumors to chemotherapy, making it more effective. The study used patient-derived tumor organoids and found that overexpression of AKR1B10 was linked to drug resistance.
Bioethicist Insoo Hyun argues that advances in organoids and embryonic models strengthen rather than weaken the concept of human individuality. Current technologies are unable to replicate sentience, a crucial aspect of personhood, until major innovations are made.
Researchers at IBEC successfully generated kidney organoids with a complex vascular system, a breakthrough that could revolutionize disease modeling and drug screening. This achievement was made possible by combining 3D kidney organoids with endothelial organoids in a process that mimics the development of human kidneys.
Researchers from IBEC investigated how mechanical properties of colorectal cancer stem cells influence metastasis. Cells expressing LGR5 protein exhibit softer, less sticky properties and better adhere to blood vessel walls.
Researchers developed a novel approach using intestinal organoids to study gastrointestinal motility. They found EEC stiffness values ranging from 60 to 70 pN/μm and demonstrated changes in EEC stiffness upon TDO2 inhibition.
Researchers used human lung microtissues to uncover the strategy used by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to invade lungs. The pathogen targets goblet cells, which it uses as Trojan horses to breach the defense line. Lung organoids also enabled the development of a sensor to monitor bacteria and track their behavior during infection.
Researchers have created the world's first human mini-brain that incorporates a fully functional blood-brain barrier, mimicking human neurovascular development. This breakthrough model promises to accelerate understanding and treatment of brain disorders like stroke, cerebral vascular disorders, and Parkinson's disease.
The Gilbert Family Foundation has invested $21 million in grants to launch the Next-Generation NF1 Models Initiative, a research program focused on developing advanced models of the NF1 disease. The initiative aims to accelerate the discovery of treatments that address both symptoms and underlying causes of neurofibromatosis.
A new NIH study using human cerebral organoids suggests a substantial species barrier preventing the transmission of chronic wasting disease from cervids to people. Researchers found no infection in healthy human cerebral organoids exposed to CWD prions for up to six months.
A University of Saskatchewan researcher is building tiny pseudo-organs from stem cells to help diagnose and treat Alzheimer's disease. These 'mini-brains' more accurately reflect a fully-fledged adult human brain, allowing for closer examination of neurological conditions.
Researchers have discovered a small molecule compound called ESI1 that can regenerate vital myelin coatings, potentially treating multiple sclerosis and age-related cognitive deficits. The treatment promotes healing by clearing a roadblock in the repair process, allowing oligodendrocytes to produce myelin sheaths.
Researchers have developed a new organoid model to study the thymus and its function in training T cells. The model enables long-term culture of TECs, which could lead to new insights into treating patients with impaired thymus function.
Researchers developed a gene-based therapy that restored typical cellular function in organoids created from cells of people with Timothy syndrome. The treatment used antisense oligonucleotides to decrease the use of mutated exon 8A and increase reliance on non-affected exon 8, restoring normal calcium channel functioning.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have developed brain organoids and assembloids to study neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia. These three-dimensional models can survive for several years in culture, enabling scientists to view the developing human brain up close and in real time.
Scientists have developed mini-colon tissues that can simulate the complex process of tumorigenesis outside the body with high fidelity. These miniature organs mimic the physical structure and cellular diversity of colon tissue, allowing researchers to study colorectal cancer development and test potential therapies.
Researchers have shed light on the complex communication between cells at the gastro-esophageal junction, revealing specific pathways and cellular composition. The study provides new starting points for understanding, preventing, and treating gastrointestinal diseases.
Researchers have gained new insights into the development of cells, their communication with each other, and regulation at the gastro-esophageal junction. The study reveals complex cellular communication and signaling pathways, which has significant implications for understanding, preventing, and treating gastrointestinal diseases.
Researchers at The University of Tokyo successfully connected lab-grown brain-mimicking tissue using axonal bundles, mimicking natural brain connections. This breakthrough enables the study of complex brain networks and their role in various neurological and psychiatric conditions.
Researchers at the University of Montana have found a novel method to generate human cartilage using neural crest cells. This breakthrough could lead to effective treatments for repairing craniofacial cartilage damage and improving the lives of 230,000 children born annually with craniofacial defects.
Researchers at Hiroshima University explore the ethics of growing brain organoids from human fetal brain cells, highlighting concerns over consciousness, informed consent, and medical applications. The study emphasizes the need for a global regulatory framework to navigate the complex ethical landscape of fetal brain organoid research.
Researchers at NTU Singapore successfully grew 'mini kidneys' in the lab, grafted them into live mice, and found a potential treatment for polycystic kidney disease by boosting autophagy. The study suggests that minoxidil could be used to reduce cysts in the novel mouse model.
Researchers found TDP-43 drives nerve damage after injury and blocking cell surface protein KCNJ2 can correct faulty TDP-43, curbing nerve death. The study provides insights into traumatic brain injury and potential prevention methods.
Researchers have shown that a single normal copy of a defective gene can prevent cysts in polycystic kidney disease. Additionally, they found that a type of drug called a glycoside can sidestep the effects of the defective gene and prevent cyst formation.
A traumatic brain injury quadruples the risk of developing dementia and neurodegenerative diseases like ALS. USC scientists used lab-grown human brain structures called organoids to study TBI's effects. They identified a gene, KCNJ2, that helps protect nerve cells against injury.
Researchers discovered that neonatal spinal cord ECM significantly enhanced NPC proliferation, migration, and differentiation compared to adult ECM. This study highlights the critical role of early developmental spinal cord ECM in orchestrating spinal cord regeneration processes.
A new study led by Dr. Mareike Albert identified epiregulin as a growth factor involved in brain expansion in humans, but not in mice or other primates. The findings were made using 3D cell culture technology and brain organoids.
Researchers at Yokohama National University found that cinnamic acid activates oxytocin receptor expression, increasing hair growth gene expression in human dermal papilla cells. The compound showed a similar hair growth effect to oxytocin, with a 1.25-fold increase in hair shaft-like structures.
Organoid technology holds great potential for clinical applications, particularly in cancer. Patient-derived tumor organoids effectively recapitulate the histopathologic characterization of parental tumors and exhibit a degree of preservation of genomic features.
An international research team achieved complete vascularization of organoids on a microfluidic chip, improving growth and physiological functions. The breakthrough enables production scaling and paves the way for personalized medicine, regenerative medicine, and pharmacological research.
Researchers have developed a vascularized organoid model (VOM) that accurately replicates the actual vasculature and environment of gastric cancer, enabling patient-specific predictions of response to anticancer drugs. The VOM demonstrates high cell viability rates and similarity to actual gastric cancer conditions.
A new link has been discovered between FBXW7 mutations and EGFR signaling activity in colorectal cancer. The study found that the mutated form of the FBXW7 gene could no longer degrade the EGFR protein, leading to increased signaling activity and a decreased response to anti-EGFR treatment.
The USC CIRM ASCEND Center will offer organoids, single-cell analysis, and spatial transcriptomics services to the California research community. The center aims to facilitate collaboration, technology transfer, and a competent workforce in personalized medicine.
A recent study at Salk Institute evaluates the reliability of patient-derived organoids as a clinical model for pancreatic cancer. The findings reveal that organoids' gene expression and drug responses are not affected by commercial extracellular matrix brands, but one product increases growth rate.
Researchers at Iowa State University have created a lab-grown liver organoid from turtles, enabling faster study of their unique adaptations with potential medical applications. The organoids mimic the liver's role in helping turtles survive extreme cold and oxygen deprivation.
Researchers at Salk Institute have created a novel organoid model of the human brain that includes mature, functional astrocytes. This allows for the study of inflammation and stress in aging and diseases like Alzheimer's with greater clarity, revealing a relationship between astrocyte dysfunction and inflammation.
A research team developed a model of the blood-brain barrier using modularized tissue derived from human cells. The 'Tissue-in-a-CUBE' system accurately mimics the real blood-brain barrier in terms of structure and function, allowing for the testing of drugs without animal testing.
The team successfully created 'laboratory testicles' that closely simulate a natural testicle, allowing for the potential production of sperm cells in the lab. The artificial testicles were cultured from immature testicular cells sampled from neonatal mice and showed signs of meiosis, a process in which gametes are produced.
Scientists have discovered that pancreatic cancer hijacks the brain-building protein Engrailed-1, leading to faster and deadlier metastasis. By targeting this aberrant protein, researchers may be able to develop personalized therapies and slow cancer progression.
Scientists created a human heart organoid system to simulate embryonic heart development under pregestational diabetes-like conditions. The organoids recapitulate hallmarks of the condition and showed that ER stress and lipid imbalance contribute to the disorders. Exposure to omega-3s ameliorated the effects.
Researchers grew lab-tumours from patient tissue to accurately predict drug effectiveness, showing high accuracy in identifying effective treatments and rejecting ineffective ones. The study paves the way for revolutionising personalised medicine and clinician-patient care through improved treatment selection.
The Organoid group at the Hubrecht Institute produced the first organoid model of the human conjunctiva, which functions like real human conjunctiva. The researchers discovered a new cell type called tuft cells that become more abundant under allergy-like conditions and play a role in eye's reaction to allergies.
Researchers discovered how an offshoot of vitamin A generates the cells that enable people to see millions of colors. The study found that a molecule called retinoic acid determines whether a cone will specialize in sensing red or green light, making humans uniquely color-savvy.
Researchers have discovered how pioneer transcription factors, such as FOXA and OCT4, coordinate with epigenetic repressors to safeguard cell fate, enabling precise manipulation of cell fate in cellular programming and reprogramming. This breakthrough has important implications for scaling up organoid and tissue engineering technology.