Articles tagged with Scientific Journals
Researchers found that people with Alzheimer's had less mentally stimulating careers than those without the disease. Engaging in mentally stimulating occupations and activities during younger years may help maintain a 'reserve' of brain cells that resists Alzheimer's effects.
A new study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that patients who saw the same doctor after hospital treatment had a significantly lower risk of dying or being readmitted. The study analyzed data from over 938,000 adults in Ontario, Canada and found that patients who received consistent follow-up care had better...
A new study found that highly paid workers reported more cohesion and solidarity among their colleagues, and were more likely to participate in social activities with co-workers. Highly paid workers tend to have jobs with more freedom and autonomy, leading to richer social lives.
A multidisciplinary group of scientists will now begin working together to set standards on the methodology used to measure antioxidants. The goal is to identify the most reliable values for antioxidant measurements, which are thought to reduce the risk of cancer and heart disease, as well as fight aging and related diseases.
Researchers investigated airport security personnel's cognitive processes and found that changing targets dropped their abilities significantly, even with warnings. The ideal training for security screeners would involve familiarizing them with every possible threat to increase reliability.
A study published in Psychological Science found that people who claim to have been abducted by aliens show strong physiological responses when recalling their experiences, similar to those evoked by genuinely traumatic memories. The researchers suggest that a person's reaction to a memory is not indicative of its authenticity.
Researchers have developed new tests that can detect trace amounts of common tree nut allergens, such as almonds, cashews, and walnuts. These tests could lead to more accurate food labeling and reduced risk of cross-contamination in processed foods.
The survey found that salaries have grown by 4% since 2001, with median academic salaries at $76,000 and outside academia at $88,000. Life scientists in universities and self-employment report high job satisfaction rates, while those in pharmaceutical industry receive lower marks.
A German Border collie named Rico demonstrated a vocabulary size comparable to that of language-trained apes, dolphins, sea lions, and parrots. The dog learned the names of unfamiliar toys after just one exposure, using fast mapping abilities similar to those seen in human language acquisition.
Recent research from MIT found that brain activity does not increase when switching between tasks quickly, indicating that there are no complicated mechanisms for multitasking. Instead, individuals must complete one task before moving on to the next, a finding with implications for our understanding of cognitive processes.
Researchers found that top chess players' performances in fast-paced blitz chess are closely tied to their ranks in standard chess. In contrast, lower-ranked players see less correlation between the two. This suggests that experts rely on lightning-fast intuition, while less-skilled players struggle with time constraints.
A study suggests that racial diversity in educational settings promotes more complex thinking and diverse thought processes among students. When students interact with collaborators from different racial backgrounds, they rate their ideas as more novel and demonstrate higher levels of complex reasoning.
A new study suggests that people who hold a strong belief in a just world are more likely to experience distress and have a desire for revenge when their worldview is challenged. The research, published in Psychological Science, also found that those most distressed by the challenge had the strongest feelings of revenge.
A study using triple-contrast CT found that it can accurately detect peritoneal damage and injury extent in patients with penetrating torso trauma. The imaging modality achieved an overall accuracy rate of 98 percent, surpassing previous limitations of CT scans for retroperitoneum assessment.
The discovery of modern hummingbirds in Europe pushes the fossil record back approximately 29 million years and zips halfway around the world. The tiny skeletons found in southern Germany exhibit characteristics such as tiny size, long beaks, and wing design similar to today's hummingbirds.
Dr. Gibson received the IADR Research in Oral Biology Distinguished Scientist Award for her groundbreaking research. She is recognized as one of the top researchers in the field, with a long history of publishing prestigious papers and serving on numerous review bodies.
Researchers have reconstructed the event month by month, finding that fungi and saprophytes took over within a few months to couple of years. The layer of fossil fungi is followed by a recovery flora, which re-established relatively quickly.
A new study by Stevens Institute of Technology researchers Drs. Patricia Holahan and Ann Mooney reveals that constructive conflict can mutate into destructive conflict if not managed properly. The study found that trusting team members, displaying supportive communication norms, and freely sharing information reduce the risk of destruc...
Researchers found that referential gesturing improves identification of targets and reduces verbal cues when participants can see each other. The study published in Psychological Science shows that pointing facilitates the use of verbal descriptions by focusing the audience's gaze on a specific subregion of shared visual space.
A new study suggests that people are surprisingly good at avoiding self-blame and may be better at avoiding regret than they realize. The research found that individuals tend to blame external circumstances rather than themselves when faced with failure or near-miss situations, contradicting their initial expectations of self-blame.
Commercial publishers charge higher prices for print subscriptions than non-profit journals, particularly in emerging fields like neurobiology and molecular biology. Universities may struggle to prioritize subscription budgets as each journal's value varies among users.
Researchers report success with new anti-IL-5 therapy in treating severe forms of hypereosinophilic syndrome, reducing eosinophil counts and improving symptoms. The treatment has been well-tolerated and improved the quality of life for all four patients, including one who regained ability to eat solid foods after years of inability.
John Allen Paulos, known for communicating the pleasures of mathematics to huge audiences, has received the AAAS Award for Public Understanding of Science & Technology. He has written seven books, including 'Innumeracy' and 'A Mathematician Reads the Newspaper', which have received glowing reviews.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) has awarded fellowships to 10 Chinese reporters to promote science journalism in China. The program aims to encourage young journalists to accurately convey scientific issues to the public, supporting sustainable development and vaccine research.
A Canadian study found that children with higher aerobic fitness reported fewer 'sick' days, while those with high body fat experienced more URTIs. Regular physical activity and lower body fat were also linked to better immune function in children.
A new study found that exercise mode, rather than volume, influences hormone levels and changes in testosterone, DHEAS, and cortisol. Resistance-trained males had higher basal testosterone levels, while endurance-trained males had lower testosterone levels compared to sedentary subjects.
New research suggests that predators play a crucial role in driving the four-year population cycle of collared lemmings in eastern Greenland. The study found that generalist predators like foxes, owls, and skuas synchronize their numbers with those of lemmings, while specialist predators like stoats lag behind.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science conducted a survey to identify top biopharma employers, with Genentech Inc. and Johnson & Johnson taking the first two spots. The survey analyzed responses from 910 Science readers and assigned scores based on specific characteristics.
The contest aims to honor biology experiments that are considered aesthetically pleasing, with a panel of experts screening nominations. The journal's goal is to encourage creative thinking among biologists about both famous and obscure experiments.
PLoS Biology features peer-reviewed research articles on diverse topics, making outstanding science freely available worldwide. The journal's open-access model aims to increase interdisciplinary collaboration, speed scientific discovery, and potentially save lives.
A new study has found that intense gymnastics training during childhood and adolescence does not have significant effects on resting testosterone or sexual maturation in male gymnasts. The research, published in the Journal of Applied Physiology, recruited 21 elite gymnasts and 24 age-matched boys to compare their physical and pubertal...
Researchers found that dissatisfied shift workers experienced lower morning testosterone levels, while satisfied workers had no significant differences in cortisol or prolactin. The study suggests that low testosterone levels may contribute to shift intolerance due to disturbed sleep and increased need for recovery.
Two studies found Gulf War veterans have a significantly higher risk of ALS, particularly those deployed to Southwest Asia. The studies also revealed that young Gulf War veterans were more than twice as likely to develop ALS compared to the general population.
A new report examines the efficacy of psychological debriefing in reducing PTSD incidence and suggests it may hinder natural recovery. Controlled studies show little to no effect on PTSD onset, indicating that factors such as social network and stress processing methods are more directly correlated with PTSD manifestation.
The National Science Foundation has announced the winners of its first-ever International Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge. Two hundred ninety-seven entries were qualified for judging, with the top prize awarded to Brandon Pletsch's 'Auditory Transduction Animation' and Dee Breger's colorized photograph 'Mongolian Frost ...
The URI Metcalf Institute has awarded fellowships to two minority journalists, Rodriguez and Ortiz, to develop story ideas and receive scientific training in marine and environmental science. The fellowship aims to increase the number of minority journalists trained in science who report on science-based news.
Researchers have counted the number of proteins that help an egg cell divide, revealing a crucial difference in motor density between the two poles. This discovery has dramatic consequences for embryonic development and understanding cellular forces.
The American Society of Hematology's Journal of Blood is the most cited peer-reviewed publication in the field, featuring latest research on blood disorders. New articles will be made available online about three months ahead of print.
Researchers have developed a numerical model for simulating the waveform in soil, improving field measurements of water content. The new method uses Time Domain Reflectometry and takes into account various factors such as soil types, bulk density, and probe parameters.
The AAAS Newcomb Cleveland Prize, now supported by Affirmetrix, recognizes innovative research published in Science. The prize has helped uphold high standards of scientific integrity and research quality, rewarding the most groundbreaking discoveries.
Researchers found that surfactants can cause contaminants to move more rapidly through the vadose zone and reach the water table more quickly. This knowledge advances understanding of unsaturated flow processes and will aid in designing effective clean-up systems.
The AAAS Science Journalism Awards honor exemplary communications efforts in science reporting completed between July 1, 2002 and June 30, 2003. Winners receive awards for scientific accuracy, originality, clarity of interpretation, and fostering public understanding of science.
The American Academy of Neurology identifies five categories of reasons for treatment failure in headache patients. Incomplete or incorrect diagnoses are the most common reason, followed by unaddressed factors that exacerbate the headache. The experts also highlight inadequate medication regimens and lack of non-drug treatment options ...
A new study explores brain activity during explicit mental operations of finger representations using objective confirmation of performance. The researchers found that brain areas associated with motor execution and imagery were equally activated, suggesting a functional gradation from more 'executive' to more 'imaginative' areas.
The Lancet Commentary highlights the need for a radical transformation to reverse deeply embedded ethnic biases in leading medical journals. The journals prioritize research from the rich world, neglecting the health priorities of poor countries, and this bias affects the range of public debate.
The American Academy of Neurology has launched a new online section providing patients and caregivers with practical health care information on various neurological conditions. The Patient Page section aims to give the public access to accurate and reliable information through articles written by practicing neurologists.
Journal editors emphasize protecting the integrity of scientific research through reproducibility and security measures. They advocate for self-governance in publishing potentially sensitive research to balance benefits with risks.
The symposium aims to highlight problems with premature publication and press briefings, showcasing the need for peer review and fair journalistic practices. AAAS emphasizes the importance of scientists explaining their research in plain language, addressing misconceptions about open-access publishing systems.
The American Society for Microbiology has adopted policies to deal with publications that may describe misuse of microbiology or select agents. The ASM Publication Board requires research articles to contain sufficient detail to permit repetition by others and authors must agree to supply materials in accordance with laws and regulations.
Researchers estimate that 90% of the population is gaining up to 50 extra calories a day, which can be addressed by taking an extra mile of walking each day. Closing the energy gap will also require a fundamental change in how people think about physical fitness.
A study published in the Journal of Environmental Quality found that compost can reduce lead levels in contaminated soil by 20-38%. This approach has been implemented in pilot programs in Baltimore and East St. Louis, showing promising initial results.
Researchers successfully expanded the genetic code of E. coli bacteria, creating a self-sufficient organism that can produce new amino acids on its own. The breakthrough could lead to enhanced function in organisms and provide answers to questions about why life settled on 20 natural amino acids.
Scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery about small RNAs controlling gene behavior, potentially leading to new research on cancer and stem cells. This advancement was named this year's top scientific achievement by the journal Science.
Researchers found that when sensory cues from hands and eyes differ, the brain splits the difference to create a single percept, weighing individual senses differently. The brain maintains three separate representations of an object's properties, prioritizing combined visual and haptic cues over conflicting signals.
The Mayo Clinic National Conference on Medicine and the Media brought together over 400 participants to discuss ways to effectively serve the public. Key findings include the need for accurate, clear reporting and transparency in financial interests.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory confirmed that waters migrating from the surface to the water table in drier regions can take many tens of thousands of years. These waters, which began their migration at the last ice age, hold a scientific and historical record of global climate change.
DuPont scientists have developed an innovative process for converting hydrocarbons to fluorocarbons without generating waste, producing water as a byproduct. The alternate synthesis process uses principles of inorganic chemistry to produce fluorinated aromatics in environmentally and economically efficient manners.
The Journal of Rehabilitation Research & Development features articles on life satisfaction following spinal cord and traumatic brain injury, as well as a study on foot models for ulcer-prevention treatment. A preliminary study on genetically engineered spinal cord implants also highlights potential improvements in bladder structure af...
A study published in Science found that the brains of outgoing people react more to happy faces than those of shy individuals. The research focused on the amygdala, a pea-sized area of the brain associated with emotion and memory, and found that high extraversion scores were linked to increased amygdala activation to happy faces.
Researchers examine the evolution of collaboration, from World War I to modern-day global partnerships, highlighting its benefits and impact on scientific productivity. The study also delves into how emerging technologies like email and the Internet have revolutionized research collaboration, making it more diverse and effective.