Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study by Union College geology student Jonathan MacDonald measures the neutron-induced fission tracks on porcelain fragments near ground zero in Hiroshima. The results provide insight into the exposure levels from the atomic bomb, with one sample showing a 2 to 2.5 times higher value than previous estimates.
Researcher Michele L. Aldrich found that Dickinson's poetry incorporated geological terms, indicating an influence from her education at Amherst Academy and Mount Holyoke College. This study aims to encourage students interested in geology to explore the subject through literary examples like Dickinson's poems.
A study of 474 students aged 17-23 found that alcohol and drug use increased with class standing, while sexual activity also rose. The researchers suggest early intervention is key to addressing health issues in college students.
The Merck/AAAS Undergraduate Science Research Program awards grants of $20,000 per year for up to three years to primarily undergraduate institutions. The program aims to enhance undergraduate education through research experiences and encourage students to pursue graduate education in biology and chemistry.
A new study by Samuel Gosling and colleagues found that people can accurately assess certain personality traits based on office and bedroom environments, particularly openness and conscientiousness. The researchers used personal items, decorating style, neatness, and organization as cues to evaluate personalities.
The University of Illinois Chicago has received a five-year, $7 million NIH grant to study the mechanisms of fertility and infertility. Researchers will investigate hormone regulation, immune response, and other factors contributing to endometriosis and infertility.
Researchers discovered a link between inflamed tender areas above upper molar teeth and headaches. A new treatment involves chilling the area to reduce swelling, eliminating pressure on nerves. The anti-inflammatory gel was found to be more effective than existing medications in reducing headache burden and analgesic use.
A new study maps prime regions for plant-eating mammals, revealing areas with high conservation value. The researchers predict that less than 1.2% of the earth's surface will support uniquely diverse grazing ecosystems by 2025.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) has named Dr. Etta Z. Falconer and Dr. James H.M. Henderson as recipients of the Mentor Award for Lifetime Achievement. Both awardees have made significant contributions to increasing diversity among doctoral students in the sciences.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) has honored several individuals with prestigious awards, including William T. Golden for his lifetime achievement in science policy, Norman E. Borlaug for his Nobel Peace Prize-winning work on global food security, and Guenther Bauer for his contributions to international s...
Barbara McClintock and Rosalind Franklin's careers have been misinterpreted due to flawed media reports and biographies, says Lee Kass. Archived records have revealed that McClintock was not denied tenure at Cornell or the University of Missouri, contrary to popular claims.
A study of water striders reveals an evolutionary arms race between males and females, where males use grasping structures to immobilize females, while females develop spines to counteract. This conflict leads to a balance in male and female traits, with some species experiencing high rates of costly matings.
Stainless steel corrosion is a highly localized and devastating phenomenon that can cause catastrophic industrial accidents. Researchers at Imperial College London have solved the mystery by discovering that tiny sulphur-rich impurity particles 'suck' chromium out of the steel, creating a vulnerable layer that triggers the main attack.
Researchers found a correlation between older adults' use of speech and their ability to gesture, with more words spoken leading to lower scores on pantomime tasks. The study suggests that speaking may interfere with gesture production or be used as a substitute response to activate gestures.
Researchers at Imperial College London have discovered a family of bone formation genes that can be regulated by bioactive materials. This breakthrough enables the creation of new biomaterials for tissue regeneration and repair, with potential for targeted treatment of specific patients and disease states.
Three influential organizations of internal medicine physicians unveil a new charter on medical professionalism, outlining three fundamental principles and ten definitive professional responsibilities. The charter aims to promote an action agenda for the profession, addressing challenges in healthcare delivery, technology, and globaliz...
A team of researchers has identified a family of six proteins, called ZIGs, responsible for maintaining the wiring of the nervous system in mature organisms. These proteins play a crucial role in keeping the anatomy of the nervous system intact, and their discovery may lead to new insights into neurological diseases.
Researchers have discovered an experiment conducted by George Sinclair, head gardener to the Duke of Bedford, in a garden at Woburn Abbey in South East England. The study investigated the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, which is currently a hot topic in ecology. The findings push back the link between commu...
The proposed regulations would result in a direct loss of $13.5 million annually and another $4.4 million in economic activity, leading to 459 job losses in the processing industry. Dorchester County on Maryland's Eastern Shore would be hardest hit, absorbing over 75% of the industry's direct losses.
Researchers found that players should bank money after each correct answer to maximize their winnings. However, the game's psychological dynamics can lead players to abandon this optimal strategy due to the host's aggressive tactics.
Recent divorce can trigger emotional problem-solving during dreaming, according to Rush University Medical Center study. Volunteers who saw ex-spouse in dreams as weak or negative reported improvement after waking.
The study predicts a range of possible future vCJD deaths from BSE exposure, with estimates between 50-150,000. Researchers suggest risk-reduction strategies to reduce current and future risk by up to 90%.
A study of 26,359 managers found that female managers' voluntary turnover rates were slightly lower than those of male managers. Recently promoted women were also less likely to resign than recently promoted men. Managers with graduate degrees who took family leaves were no more likely to resign than non-leave-taking managers.
A unique partnership between Imperial College London and the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative aims to combat the HIV epidemic. The laboratory will evaluate work from worldwide HIV/AIDS vaccine trials, promoting standardization and facilitating the development of effective vaccines.
The study aims to determine whether modafinil can effectively treat excessive sleepiness and improve alertness in night shift workers with chronic Shift Work Sleep Disorder. Those most likely affected are individuals working non-traditional schedules, leading to increased risk of work-related injuries and accidents.
A systematic review in The Lancet estimates that six people would need to be detained for a year to prevent one violent act, raising concerns about the accuracy of forecasting dangerousness. Critics warn that this approach threatens to assume an Orwellian air, with psychiatry becoming increasingly coercive.
John Seiler, a tree physiology specialist, has received the USDA teaching award for his exceptional teaching skills and innovative approaches to educating students about forestry. He is also a recipient of several prestigious awards for his academic achievements in forestry education.
A new study published in Psychosomatic Medicine found that women with higher educational attainment have less calcification of the arteries, indicating a lower risk of developing heart disease. The analysis of 308 postmenopausal women revealed an inverse linear trend between calcium deposits and education level.
A team of researchers has identified a novel gene, Lpp1, that is mutated in mice with severe spina bifida. This discovery provides new insights into the genetic basis of the condition and may lead to the development of new therapies to prevent it.
The University of Michigan School of Education has received a $175,000 grant from the Goldman Sachs Foundation to evaluate and support programs promoting educational excellence globally. The program focuses on developing academic abilities and entrepreneurial talents in underrepresented youth.
Researchers at Jefferson Medical College have demonstrated in the laboratory that prostratin can stimulate two main hiding areas in patients with HIV infection who are taking HAART, leading to death of the virus from anti-viral drugs. The work shows promise for a new second-generation approach to eradicate HIV from the body.
A new database using Geographic Information System (GIS) allows geologists to interpret large amounts of data more easily. The system enables scientists to query and analyze data over a large area in various ways, leading to new insights into the tectonic history of regions. This advancement in science helps understand the Earth's regi...
Researchers propose innovative forecasting techniques using futures markets and alternative polling approaches to predict presidential election outcomes. The methods aim to improve accuracy and stability in predicting the popular vote and electoral college votes.
The University of Oklahoma College of Engineering has received a $500k NSF grant to improve customer relationship management (CRM) and supply chain management. The research aims to increase the accuracy and speed of due date promises, resulting in significant impacts on companies' revenues, operating expenses, and customer satisfaction.
The ACS Scholars Program provides financial support to minority students pursuing undergraduate studies in chemistry and related disciplines. With over $850,000 in awards anticipated for the next two semesters, the program aims to increase diversity in the chemical sciences workforce. Students can receive up to $3,000 per year and bene...
Marie T. Filbin, a Hunter College neuroscience professor, has made groundbreaking discoveries related to the role of cyclic AMP in nerve regeneration after injury. Her work, conducted independently with Professor Mu-Ming Poo, could lead to novel therapies for those with spinal cord injuries.
A study by Cornell University researchers found that only 19% of single employees used Medical FSAs, while 33% of those with dependents participated. Higher education significantly boosted FSA participation among singles and families alike. Tax rates were also predictive of participation.
A Yale gastroenterologist has received a $1 million grant to study infectious diseases in developing countries. The grant will support collaborative research on improved oral rehydration solutions for diarrheal diseases, which are common causes of death among children worldwide.
The University of Michigan has received a five-year, $3.7 million award from the National Science Foundation to improve opportunities for tenure-track women faculty in science and engineering fields. The project aims to address the slow increase in women faculty numbers over the past decade.
A recent study by Imperial College London has provided insights into the Foot and Mouth epidemic in Great Britain, revealing that large farms with many animals are more infectious and susceptible to disease. The analysis also highlights fragmented farms as a significant risk factor for transmission.
The Rush College of Nursing will integrate information on CAM therapies into undergraduate and graduate nursing curricula and develop continuing education programs for faculty and practicing nurses. The program aims to equip nurses with expertise to assess CAM use, critically appraise therapy safety, and provide patient guidance.
Researchers observed high numbers of corn rootworm beetles near corn edges in prairie remnants, with 10 times more at the edge than at a distance. The beetles damage sunflowers, potentially reducing seed set and affecting pollinator visitation.
A new study by O.R. researchers found that the value of the dollar significantly impacts a company's decision on whether to export or invest in foreign production facilities. In depreciated currencies, strong exports favor the choice of ownership structure, while appreciated currencies favor investments in overseas production.
A study published in Nature Genetics identified the T-box 22 gene as the cause of a rare form of cleft palate. The gene's mutation leads to catastrophic effects on protein production, resulting in the birth defect. The discovery may lead to prenatal therapeutic interventions for cleft palate.
A clinical study using human fetal tissue transplants suggests that the procedure may be logistically feasible and procedurally safe for patients with syringomyelia cavities. The study's primary goal is to evaluate the safety of transplantation with respect to possible early complications and long-term consequences.
Research finds that student activism is linked to extracurricular involvement and a strong social network. Students who are well-established in campus life are more likely to participate in protests.
Researchers have found that thalidomide can help patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, a group of disorders affecting the bone marrow and leading to acute myeloid leukemia. The study showed a 20% response rate among patients treated with thalidomide, with some achieving transfusion independence.
Researchers have identified a key mechanism involved in meningococcal disease, offering new insights into its treatment. A defect in the activation of Protein C could be treated with administration of active Protein C, bypassing the requirements for activation on blood vessels.
A brief non-confrontational intervention program significantly reduced alcohol-related problems among high-risk college-age drinkers, with 43% of participants dropping out of the high-risk category. The program showed long-lasting effects over four years.
A new analysis of the BIODEPTH project reveals that complementary interactions between species play a stronger role in determining ecosystem productivity than previously thought. This finding suggests that conserving a variety of species is crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems.
A Smith College-sponsored expedition will retrace the original route of the Harriman Expedition, assessing ecological and societal changes in Alaska over the last century. The expedition aims to recreate E.H. Harriman's 'floating university' with leading scholars and researchers.
A multicentre randomised controlled trial found that conventional IVF had higher implantation rates (30%) compared to ICSI (22%), as well as a lower average laboratory time. The pregnancy rate was also higher after conventional IVF (33%). The study supports the current practice of reserving ICSI only for severe male fertility problems.
The Merck Company Foundation and AAAS announced the 2001 winners of the expanded program providing research experiences in chemistry and biology for undergraduates. The awards aim to build bridges between chemistry and biology fields to encourage students to pursue graduate education.
A new study by Imperial College scientists found that the power law used to determine the relationship between plant species and land area is not scale-invariant. Species richness accumulated rapidly at intermediate scales, rather than being constant as previously believed. This finding has significant implications for conservation stu...
Case Western Reserve University senior Niuniu Ji has been awarded the prestigious Rhodes Scholarship to pursue two-year honors studies in economics and management at Oxford University. The scholarship, established by British philanthropist Cecil Rhodes in 1902, recognizes high academic achievement and potential for leadership.
A French BSE epidemic is believed to have infected at least 1,200 cattle since 1987, with around 100 animals slaughtered for human consumption in 2000. The risk of BSE entering the food chain from British beef has been reduced, but late-stage infected animals are likely to have been slaughtered for meat.
Researchers at Imperial College will examine the science behind stem cells and their potential for regenerative medicine, including treatments for various diseases. The symposium will feature world leaders in stem cell science, providing a comprehensive background to the field.
Researchers found that 82% of complications from angioplasty occurred within 18 hours, with most happening at the time of procedure. The study aimed to identify the temporal spectrum of ischemic complications, and their findings have implications for hospital length-of-stay policies.
Researchers used computer simulations to analyze the Chicxulub impact crater, revealing that it may have behaved like a fluid during its formation. This finding could help explain the complex internal structures observed in the crater and shed light on the environmental effects of large-impact craters.
Children from poor, minority communities are more likely to have asthma and suffer severe symptoms. A recent study found that almost half of high-absentee children self-reported asthma despite having worse symptoms compared to low-absentees.