Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study by Syracuse University researchers found that the frequency of El Niño events peaked around 1,200 years ago and may increase in the early part of the 22nd century. The 2,000-year cycle could have a significant impact on global climate conditions.
Researchers discover females actively select longer sperm for fertilization, leading to evolutionary changes in sperm size and female reproductive tract shape. This study challenges the long-held belief that males sacrifice quality for quantity in sperm production.
Researchers at Swarthmore Spheromak Experiment (SSX) make 1st 3D measurements of magnetic reconnection, revealing a swept and sheared magnetic structure. This breakthrough helps understand plasma physics processes on the sun and new structures in fusion energy machines.
Researchers will study ultra high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to develop clearer, more precise images of the body's interior. The goal is to improve diagnosis and treatment for patients.
Researchers at Imperial College London discovered that Toxoplasma gondii's myosin A gene is essential for its gliding motion and host cell invasion. The motor enables the parasite to penetrate cells within 10-30 seconds, allowing it to replicate safely.
The program aims to seed China with genetic expertise, focusing on medical genetics and responsible use of genetic research. Trainees will receive instruction in genetic epidemiology and biostatistics, as well as opportunities for postdoctoral positions or graduate studies.
A recent study by the American College of Gastroenterology found that surgical treatment for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) does not eliminate the need for acid-reducing therapy. Despite lower medication costs in surgically managed patients, overall medical costs were higher due to surgery costs.
Researchers found that smoking is an important risk factor for developing colorectal polyps, with smokers being more likely to have larger polyps and a greater potential for malignancy. The study suggests that physicians should consider performing screening colonoscopy in current smokers before age 50.
A new survey reveals that over 65% of IBS patients in the US experience debilitating symptoms, with 97% consulting healthcare professionals in the past three months. The study also shows significant economic burdens, with $258 average spend on GI disorders per month.
A three-year study found that changes to soil communities had no effect on the yield of plant life above ground or the amount of carbon stored in the soil. The researchers suggest that positive and negative effects of fauna in the soil cancel each other out, leading to no net ecosystem effects.
Magnussen fostered diversity through outreach programs, including Texas A&M's Women in Science and Engineering (WISE) program, which now supports female faculty and students. She also promotes positive role models and organizes research competitions for young science enthusiasts.
The new center combines multiple research areas, including molecular devices, nanofabrication, and selective chemistry. Regular seminars feature the researchers of the Center for Nanoscale Science.
The University of Illinois Chicago is developing a new model for dental education to address disparities in oral health care, increasing the diversity of the dental workforce. The program will provide community-based experiences and full scholarships to recruit minority and low-income students.
The American Chemical Society's Scholars Program received a $100,000 boost from Procter & Gamble to emphasize the importance of diversity in the chemical sciences. The program supports academically accomplished African American, Hispanic and Native American students pursuing undergraduate studies in chemistry-related disciplines.
The University of New Hampshire has launched a biomedical research network, NH-BRIN, with a $5.6 million grant from the National Institutes of Health. The network aims to improve science understanding and capabilities in students and faculty across the state, enabling researchers to develop effective therapies and medicines.
Key findings from a study suggest that patients prioritize personal service, therapist listening skills, and clear explanations over facility amenities. Researchers surveyed over 1,868 participants and found that adequate time spent on individual patient care is vital for patient satisfaction.
USC researchers are testing a prototype 'e-textile' that can detect faint sounds, specifically distant vehicle movements on future battlefields. The fabric functions as a supersensitive detection array and can be deployed in various ways, such as a parachute or camouflage net.
In Angola, displaced people turn to family members, neighbours, and church groups for advice and consolation in the form of conselho. This community-based approach emphasizes shared suffering and practical help over Western-style counseling. Local perspectives are crucial for culturally relevant psychosocial interventions.
A new study published in Obstetrics and Gynecology found that oral contraceptive use during adolescence is not associated with weight gain or increased body fat. Researchers monitored 66 female participants, aged 16-21, for four years, tracking their blood lipid patterns and body composition.
Researchers at Imperial College London identified a neural signal called WNT-3 that helps form connections between sensory and motor neurons in the spinal cord. The discovery has important implications for understanding neural regeneration following spinal injury.
The Association of American Medical Colleges and colleagues argue that attaining greater diversity in the health care workforce is crucial for advancing cultural competency among providers. Addressing disparities in primary, secondary, and undergraduate education can help increase access to high-quality health services for minorities.
A new study led by Imperial College London seeks to treat children suffering from Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) using EEG biofeedback therapy. The therapy involves training children's brain activity on a computer, aiming to correct the imbalance of slow and fast wave activity associated with ADHD.
A study by Emory University Health Sciences Center found that many young men have trouble using condoms correctly, with errors including not checking expiration dates and putting on condoms during sex. The research emphasizes the importance of providing adequate condom use education to prevent HIV and other STDs.
Researchers find anaesthetics induce sleep by locking onto GABA-A receptors in the tuberomammillary nucleus, a small area of the brain controlling breathing and temperature. This discovery could lead to new anaesthetics providing better recovery for patients.
A study conducted by Ohio State University found that 20% of women and 5.8% of men among the student-athletes reported behaviors associated with eating disorders, including binge-eating and purging. The survey also revealed that 38% of athletes thought certain body parts were too fat, with a higher prevalence among female athletes.
A study by Ohio State University found that procrastinators receive poorer grades in college classes due to lack of self-discipline. The researchers discovered that high procrastinators scored lower in measures of self-regulation and used 'wishful thinking' rationalizations to justify their behavior.
A recent study examines racial divisions in assessment test scores and student outcomes, revealing that current practices are unfair to both black and white students. Using high-school class rank instead of test score yields fairer race and gender outcomes when assessing students for college admissions.
A study by UCI researchers found lower levels of DARPP-32, a key regulatory protein, in the brains of people with schizophrenia. This reduction may contribute to cognitive dysfunction and social problems associated with the disease.
The Annual Survey of Journalism and Mass Communication offers a comprehensive look at the state of the industry, with findings on employment, salaries, job satisfaction, and more. Nearly 2,900 graduate surveys were returned from degree recipients representing 458 journalism programs in the US.
A new hormone called PYY3-36 has been found to reduce food intake by a third in volunteers, providing potential relief for those struggling with weight problems. The discovery could lead to natural and safe treatments for obesity, potentially identifying specific foods that trigger hunger or developing a tablet with a similar effect.
Researchers have identified a natural inhibitor of HIV called CEM15, which can stop the virus from replicating. By targeting Vif, a regulatory protein that enables HIV replication, scientists may develop new antiviral treatments.
Scientists from Imperial College London and the University of Manchester have solved the structure of Beta-Crustacyanin, a protein that bends Astaxanthin's shape to create different colours. The discovery could lead to new uses of Astaxanthin as a drug-delivery mechanism and improve food colourants.
The £20 million grant will support the development of local and international partnerships to improve training and treatment delivery, with a focus on emulating the program's success in other countries. The initiative aims to reduce the burden of schistosomiasis in Africa by providing effective control measures.
The 'Evacuation Management Decision Support System' (EMDSS) aims to help public officials balance public safety and evacuation costs. The system will factor in diverse elements such as time constraints, event uncertainty, and economic impact on evacuated areas.
Celebrating its 75th anniversary, Annals of Internal Medicine has published influential articles on Lyme disease, HIV/AIDS, and evidence-based medicine. The journal has continued to evolve with innovative features like structured abstracts and international discussions on editorial issues.
Research suggests that the human immune system's complexity may be limiting the number of genes in the genome, as it requires more self-tolerance and kills off too many immune cells if there are too many genes. This could make further evolution for humans difficult.
Physical aggression is a pervasive issue among young adults, with nearly three-quarters of participants reporting a personal experience with aggression. Bars are particularly common sites for male aggression, while homes are the most common setting for female aggression. The study highlights the need to address this widespread problem ...
Yochum has received the Regional Award for Contributions to Diversity for her efforts to promote women's participation in science. She has established scholarships and programs to encourage female students from underrepresented groups to pursue STEM careers.
Researchers at Imperial College London discovered that xenon can block the effects of a glutamate receptor implicated in nerve cell death, potentially preventing damage. The findings have led to clinical trials and the formation of a spin-out company to develop treatments for neurological injuries.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine found that the CA3 region of the hippocampus is essential for 'pattern completion', allowing memories to be recalled from partial representations. The study involved genetically engineered mice with impaired NMDA receptor function in the CA3 region, which displayed deficits in memory recall.
The Marsquake sensors will detect weight shuddering caused by liquid water beneath the Martian equator, pinpointing each quake's location. This new method will help scientists find life on Mars and shed light on the planet's internal structure.
A field study in Zimbabwe found that younger women formed partnerships with men 5-10 years older, increasing their risk of HIV-1 infection. Younger women also reported fewer condom uses and more frequent sexual activity, further exacerbating the issue.
The Lancet's editor urges caution on expanding nurse prescribing rights in the UK, citing concerns over inadequate training and potential risks to patient care. The government's plan to extend prescribing powers to all nurses is criticized for its haste and lack of regard for nursing professional boundaries.
A national survey found that most adults are unaware of the effectiveness of policies like raising taxes on alcoholic beverages and increasing the drinking age. Effective measures have saved tens of thousands of lives, but public awareness is needed to prevent accidents.
Three doctoral-level students and five master's-level students received scholarships to pursue careers in gerontology and aging studies. The program aims to address the lack of financial assistance for students in these fields.
The USPSTF recommends screening all adults for depression, as five percent to nine percent of adult patients in primary care settings suffer from the condition. Depression can be treated with counseling, medications, or both, reducing health care utilization and costs associated with lost workdays.
Scientists have identified a family of six proteins, called ZIGs, responsible for maintaining the wiring of the nervous system. The discovery was made in C. elegans and suggests that analogous human ZIG proteins may play a role in neurological disease pathology.
Researchers at Imperial College London have successfully grown human lung cells in mice, paving the way for potential lung transplants. The breakthrough could address chronic organ shortages and rejection issues, offering new treatment options for life-threatening lung diseases.
Researchers at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences have developed a new treatment for common warts, which was successful in 74 percent of patients in a pilot study. The treatment involves injecting approved skin test antigens into a wart to stimulate the body's immune response and destroy the virus.
Researchers examine the evolution of collaboration, from World War I to modern-day global partnerships, highlighting its benefits and impact on scientific productivity. The study also delves into how emerging technologies like email and the Internet have revolutionized research collaboration, making it more diverse and effective.
The Dynamic Brain Atlas project utilizes Grid technology to create customized brain atlases from hundreds of images. This allows radiologists to identify subtle brain abnormalities and improve diagnoses for psychiatric conditions and dementias.
The American Physiological Society has awarded 44 minority travel fellowships to graduate students, postdoctoral students, and advanced undergraduate students from underrepresented groups. The fellowships provide opportunities for mentors to guide attendees, introduce them to other scientists, and offer career advice.
A recent Penn State study found that women reported talking more about sex and related topics with their best friend, as well as being more comfortable doing so. This difference in communication style may contribute to problems in marital communication and could have implications for emerging adults' sexual attitudes and behaviors.
A study by Ohio State University researchers found that falling wages and rising unemployment among men without college educations were significantly associated with increases in property and violent crimes between 1979 and 1997. The findings suggest that labor market conditions play a crucial role in shaping crime rates.
A new study reveals that college students contribute to an estimated 1,400 student deaths, 500,000 injuries, and 70,000 cases of sexual assault each year. The study proposes several strategies to prevent high-risk drinking, including increasing campus awareness campaigns, improving alcohol-free events, and providing counseling services.
The grant will allow Rush to increase awareness among African-American men aged 50+, who are disproportionately affected by prostate cancer. The organization plans to conduct free screenings and refer patients to local doctors or Rush after diagnosis.
A Texas A&M chemist has developed new tools to analyze molecules and improve catalyst efficiency. The researcher's work aims to better understand complex catalysts, which are crucial in various industrial processes.
Researchers found that behavior management programs improved sleep in 54% of CBT group participants and 39% in the HART group. These programs teach individuals to reset their 'sleep clock' by adhering to a regular sleep period, reducing daytime naps, and avoiding activities that make it difficult to fall asleep.
Thomas C. Werner, a chemistry professor at Union College, has won the 2002 Award for Research at an Undergraduate Institution from the American Chemical Society. He uses undergraduate students as assistants in his research on cyclodextrins and their applications in chemical sensors.
An international team of researchers analyzed data from the Michelson Doppler Imager instrument to detect variations in the Sun's interior rotation, which appear to be connected to the 11-year cycle of magnetic activity. The study provides new insights into the solar dynamo and its impact on the Sun's colossal magnetic field behavior.