Articles tagged with Colleges
A low-dose blood-thinning medication reduced VTE recurrences more than threefold compared to aspirin without increasing bleeding side effects, according to a large international study. The study's findings support the use of rivaroxaban as a safe and effective treatment option for patients at risk for recurrent VTE.
The SURTAVI trial shows that self-expanding TAVR is non-inferior to open-heart surgery for intermediate-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis, with comparable rates of stroke and death. The study found no significant differences in mortality or disabling stroke between the two groups at 2 years.
A study found that minority college students are at higher risk of sexual assault, with some groups facing even greater danger. Inclusive campus climates may reduce this risk, empowering bystanders to intervene and deterring perpetrators.
A team of researchers, led by Dr. Jessica Yorzinski, has conducted a study on peacock behavior to understand how males assess their rivals during the breeding season. The study found that males focus on the lower regions of rival displays, particularly the eyespot areas and body, when evaluating competition.
A new study found that students who engaged in a dialogue about two mayoral candidates created better-written persuasive essays and TV scripts. They also showed a more sophisticated understanding of knowledge, constructing opposing views leads to a richer representation of each and the differences between them.
A trial in UK general practices found encouraging patients with potential memory deficits to seek GP advice did not change their behavior or lead to earlier dementia diagnoses. The intervention did increase the proportion of patients consulting GPs with suspected memory problems.
Case Western Reserve University awards Marian Wright Edelman the 2017 Inamori Ethics Prize for her life's work as a fierce advocate for children's rights, poverty alleviation, and access to education. The founder of the Children's Defense Fund has championed policies to protect vulnerable populations and ensure their well-being.
A study suggests that long ago, Earth's atmosphere spent about a million years filled with a methane-rich haze, clearing the way for massive amounts of oxygen. The transformation resulted in an atmosphere much like the one that sustains life on Earth today.
Researchers discovered that embryonic tissue, present in both male and female embryos, can contribute to an enlarged prostate if left unchecked after a certain age. This study could lead to new targeted treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which affects up to 90% of older men.
Earl Smith's research seeks to determine how visual experience affects refractive development and explore new pharmaceutical approaches to eliminate myopia. The goal is to slow the progression of nearsightedness in children, addressing a growing global epidemic that affects over two billion people.
Researchers found that presenting a mugshot with a question can create an association between the person and the action, leading to false recognition. This effect is more pronounced in younger adults, who form a specific association between the pictured actor and the queried action.
The new guidelines provide recommendations for physicians on how to evaluate and manage patients with syncope. They include detailed history and physical examination, ECG tests, and restrictions on exercise for certain patients.
A large US healthcare system study found that taking misoprostol with NSAIDs significantly lowers the risk of heart attacks, strokes, and kidney failure compared to taking NSAIDs alone. The combination is associated with a 25-34% lower risk of these events.
A study found that people with high blood pressure consumed an average of 3,100 milligrams of sodium per day, more than twice the recommended daily limit. The increase was driven by rising sodium intake among Hispanics and African-Americans, groups that historically showed lower sodium intake levels.
Two studies presented at the American College of Cardiology's Annual Scientific Session found that US heart failure patients experience higher hospitalization rates and mortality during winter. The studies also showed increased costs per hospitalization for heart failure during the colder months.
Researchers found wrist-worn fitness trackers less accurate in measuring heart rate during exercise compared to traditional chest strap monitors. The most accurate readings came from the chest strap monitor, particularly for individuals with heart conditions.
A study found people with coronary heart disease who are diagnosed with depression are twice as likely to die compared to those without depression. Depression was the strongest predictor of death in this patient group, regardless of age, gender, or timing of onset.
Astronomers have discovered the youngest and most distant galaxy ever seen, containing an abundance of interstellar dust formed by earlier star deaths. This discovery provides new information on when the first supernovae exploded and sheds light on the early Universe.
Researchers found that younger heart attack patients are more likely to have low good cholesterol than elevated bad cholesterol. This suggests that traditional risk factors may not be enough to identify heart attack risk in this age group.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that college students who consume medium-to-high levels of alcohol and marijuana have a consistently lower GPA over two years. The study tracked 1,142 students for two years after they began college and found that those who used both substances experienced lower GPAs throughout the period.
Research from NC State University found that crowdfunding backers' number predicts market success, not the amount of money raised. Backers serve as evangelists and provide constructive feedback, contributing to a product's later financial goals.
Two paleobiologists at the University of Missouri will use their $500,000 CAREER grants to integrate research into education programs. Jim Schiffbauer's lab will also introduce elementary students to the Cambrian Period, while John Huntley's team explores biological responses to climate change in fossil records.
Researchers at Wake Forest University developed a tool to calculate the likelihood of survival and independence after hospital discharge in elderly patients with traumatic brain injury. The tool accounts for variables such as age and severity of brain injury, providing a statistical estimation of the patient's prognosis.
New research published in Psychological Science found that simulating someone else's experience leads to greater accuracy in understanding their emotional state, not just observing their behavior. This challenge highlights the importance of empathy and strategies for better understanding others.
Researchers at CCNY Energy Institute developed a sustainable, high-energy-density battery using manganese dioxide and copper. The unique material allows for both high cycle life and high areal capacity, making it suitable for practical applications.
Chronic administration of nandrolone decanoate in albino mice increased serum aldosterone and sodium ion levels, indicating possible steroid-related cardiovascular disorders. The study suggests a correlation between altered aldosterone concentrations and cardiovascular diseases.
A study by the American College of Surgeons found that nonoperative management of abdominal gunshot wounds is safe and effective for selected patients, reducing complications and mortality rates. Trauma professionals now consider this approach as a viable alternative to operation.
The UTA Institute of Urban Studies is formulating a strategic plan for Dallas' Vickery Meadows, aiming to rebrand the area as a center for innovation and counter negative community perceptions. The plan will emphasize physical improvements and a branding effort highlighting the neighborhood's diverse international character.
A new study by Florida Atlantic University researchers found that American workers without paid sick leave are less likely to receive preventive health care screenings, including flu shots. The study highlights the importance of paid sick leave benefits in promoting public health.
Scientists have observed rapid temperature changes in ultra-fast black hole winds, which are responding to X-ray emissions from the accretion disk. This discovery provides clues for locating the origin of these outflows and their connection to galaxy formation.
A £1m grant will explore the link between cultural pursuits and health wellbeing, gathering new data from 3 years. Researchers will study how joining a choir, attending art classes or going to museums affects society's health.
Researchers found that providing individuals with dietary recommendations and support led to small increases in the intake of healthy foods. Small reductions in body weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were observed, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels rose over time.
Scientists found evidence of an ancient solid shell on Earth's surface using thermodynamic calculations and rock samples from Western Australia. The 'stagnant lid' model supports this theory, which contradicts the long-held assumption that plate tectonics began immediately after Earth formed.
The NSF Law and Social Sciences program has awarded over $5 million to fund 23 projects and four workshops. The program focuses on scientific exploration of law and legal systems, supporting research on topics such as litigation, legal decision-making, governance, crime, and violence.
Researchers studying Mexican cavefish found that differences in sensory systems contribute to sleep variability. The study suggests that evolution drives sensory changes and selects for changes in sensory processing to reduce sleep.
Forest losses in western US and rural areas led to a 2.96% decline in national forest cover, equivalent to the size of Maine. This study highlights the importance of proactive conservation management to address habitat losses and species declines.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University developed a portable device that can detect the Zika virus using just a saliva sample, providing an affordable and rapid solution to diagnose the outbreak. The device, based on technology developed for HIV detection, aims to distinguish between Zika and other flaviviruses.
Researchers have discovered a new group of apolipoproteins, including apoE, apoC2, and apoC3, that are associated with a stronger link to cardiovascular disease. These findings could lead to improved screening methods and personalized treatments for patients at risk of cardiovascular disease.
A Saint Louis University study found nearly 50% of adolescents thought it was 'probably impossible' to acquire heroin in 2014, compared to 39% in 2002. The number of teens who believed it was easy or very easy to get heroin also declined between 2002 and 2014.
A new test using peripheral vision reaction time can identify mild traumatic brain injury with underlying brain damage, leading to earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment. The test is an objective, inexpensive, and rapid assessment that detects patients with a severe underlying injury.
Researchers found that deep discounts appeal more to present-oriented people, while future-minded buyers value third-party product quality ratings. The study showed that a combination of quality ratings and discounts generates positive reactions in both groups.
The USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture is awarding $1.7 million to support research capacity building at land-grant tribal colleges and universities. The funding will focus on enhancing research projects of tribal, state, or national importance.
The University of Texas at Arlington researcher is using a two-year, $360,000 contract to test the performance of geocells in a highway-widening project. Geocells are modular structures that can support a drivable surface and may provide cost savings by recycling valuable materials.
The American College of Physicians issues a guideline for treating nonradicular low back pain, recommending non-drug therapies such as superficial heat, massage, and acupuncture. For chronic low back pain, the ACP suggests exercise, multidisciplinary rehabilitation, and mindfulness-based stress reduction as initial treatment options.
Carnegie Mellon researchers develop 'thubber,' a stretchable, thermal conductive material with metal-like properties. The material enables rapid heat dissipation in applications like wearable computing and soft robotics.
A University of Maryland physicist has improved a method for designing stellarators, complex nuclear fusion experiments that aim to explore fusion's potential as an energy source. The new method, Regularized NESCOIL, balances tradeoffs between ideal magnetic field shapes and coil shapes, resulting in designs with more space between coils.
Scientists from King's College London report a significant reduction in maternal deaths due to pre-eclampsia, with less than 1 in 10,000 women dying in pregnancy. The study attributes this success to improved monitoring, diagnosis, and timely delivery, as well as the use of low-dose aspirin and antihypertensive medication.
Longitudinal studies found that minority youth experienced biased treatment and lost trust in middle school, predicting behavioral issues and lower college attendance rates. A randomized experiment showed that surprise displays of respect from teachers can create trust and improve outcomes for minority students.
A study by University of Texas at Austin researchers found that middle school students of color who lose trust in their teachers due to perceptions of mistreatment from school authorities are less likely to attend college. The researchers also found that racial disparities in discipline contribute to this mistrust, with African America...
Researchers have isolated and tested a new indole alkaloid from a deep-water marine sponge, demonstrating potent antibacterial activity against MRSA. The compound, dragmacidin G, has shown selectivity towards bacterial cells over mammalian cells, offering potential solutions for treating MRSA infections.
A new study by Drexel University and others found that youth soccer coaches can be as effective as professional athletic trainers in preventing injuries with short training programs. The 90-minute educational workshop improved movement technique for the majority of soccer players, reducing injury risk.
Researchers analyzed data from over 580 patients with stage II melanoma and found that 40% of recurrences were spotted by patients due to suspicious skin changes or other symptoms. Patients are encouraged to regularly examine their skin and report any new or unusual symptoms to their physicians.
The University of Massachusetts Amherst has unveiled a powerful new GPU cluster, housing 400 specialized graphics processing units, to accelerate deep learning research and attract top talent in the field. The cluster is expected to significantly boost the university's capabilities in artificial intelligence, computer vision, and natur...
Researchers developed a novel noninvasive technique to measure leg oxygen consumption in heart failure patients, revealing differences between dilated and stiff hearts. This breakthrough could lead to targeted therapies aimed at increasing blood flow and improving exercise capacity.
Researchers found that a single dose of ketamine administered one week before a stressful event can buffer against PTSD symptoms. The study suggests that prophylactic ketamine use might be beneficial for individuals highly likely to experience significant stressors.
Researchers develop a scavenger scale to categorize animal traits, highlighting surprising adaptations in species like vultures, albatrosses, and cheetahs. The scale helps understand why some animals excel as scavengers while others struggle.
The BU College of Engineering is leading a $3.36 million project to improve connected and automated vehicles' energy efficiency by 20%. This initiative, funded by the US Department of Energy's ARPA-E NEXTCAR program, aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and oil consumption per mile.
A nationwide study published in JACS found that critically ill children can now undergo liver transplantation and achieve similar survival benefits as stable children. Survival rates have improved significantly since pediatric critical care was recognized as a specialty area of medicine, with one-year survival increasing from 66% to 92%.
Researchers found that unconscious exposure to phobic images strongly activates brain regions involved in immediate fear processing, reducing the conscious experience of fear. This technique may be effective in treating anxiety disorders in children and adolescents by preparing them for feared stimuli without conscious awareness.
The American College of Surgeons has launched a new initiative funded by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) to implement Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols in 750 hospitals. ERAS practices have been shown to lower costs, improve safety, and shorten recovery times for surgical patients.