Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new analysis has found that babies born by caesarean section are more likely to be overweight or obese as adults. The odds of being overweight or obese are 26 per cent higher for adults born by caesarean section than those born by vaginal delivery, according to the study.
A new study from King's College London reveals that mental health stigma is a major deterrent for people seeking help, with up to 75% of those with disorders not receiving treatment. The study found that fear of disclosing a mental health condition and concerns about confidentiality were common barriers.
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that the Body Shape Index (ABSI) is a strong indicator of mortality hazard, surpassing traditional measures like Body Mass Index (BMI). The research analyzed data from over 7,000 adults and showed that ABSI was closely linked to increased death rates.
Researchers found definitive evidence of the environment inhabited by early ape Proconsul, which lived in a closed-canopy, tropical seasonal forest set in a warm and relatively wet local climate. The discovery underscores the importance of forested environments in the evolution of early apes.
Scientists at Imperial College London have discovered a link between iron deficiency and an increased risk of stroke due to stickier blood cells. Iron deficiency affects around two billion people worldwide and can increase the stickiness of platelets, which initiate blood clotting.
A CCNY-led study found that LGBT youth are more likely to engage in cancer-risk behaviors, including tobacco use, drinking, and early sex. The research emphasizes the need for early interventions to address these disparities.
The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation has selected 126 young researchers for the 2014 Sloan Research Fellowships, recognizing their achievements and potential as rising scientific leaders. Awarded annually since 1955, the fellowships provide $50,000 to support further research.
A series of studies published in the Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health highlights the effectiveness of community-based interventions in improving maternal and newborn health in rural Ethiopia. The Maternal and Newborn Health in Ethiopia Partnership initiative has reduced mortality rates by increasing demand for focused maternal and...
A novel wireless sensor network is being developed to detect the onset of structural damage on bridges, stadiums, and other large public infrastructure. The system will monitor vibrations, sagging, and stresses to assess a structure's ability to carry its load.
A University of Iowa study reveals police work is primarily sedentary, with officers expending energy comparable to washing dishes or ironing. The findings highlight the need for workplaces to encourage movement and introduce low-cost aids like standing computer workstations.
Wendy Wintersteen stresses the importance of partnerships for pooling research and expertise to address serious threats like climate change, pests, and plant disease. She highlights Iowa State's BioCentury Research Farm as a success story of public-private collaboration.
Children exposed to cigarette smoke at home have lower levels of the enzyme HDAC2, which is required for steroid treatment to exert its beneficial effects. This reduces their ability to respond to asthma treatment, leading to increased symptoms and potentially higher doses of steroids.
A novel one-hour intervention that raises awareness of social class shapes the college experience significantly reduces the academic achievement gap between first-generation and continuing-generation students. The difference-education intervention improves first-generation students' psychological adjustment, grade point averages, and c...
The study highlights the effectiveness of traditional institutions like Fa'aSamoa and The Samoan Way in responding to natural disasters. These community-based approaches have strong social capital and can be leveraged in disaster management policies and programs, providing a 'win-win' scenario.
Researchers found that commonly used disinfectants do not kill human papillomavirus (HPV), making it possible to transmit the virus through non-sexual means. The study suggests a need for hospital policy changes and highlights the importance of using bleach or autoclaving to inactivate HPV.
The study, published in Science in June 2012 to May 2013, mapped the wiring diagram for the nervous system controlling mating behavior in male roundworms. The research provided a comprehensive map of neural connections and contributed significantly to understanding how animals control complex behaviors.
Researchers at King's College London have discovered a new gene (PIM1) that could be an effective target for innovative treatments and therapies for psoriasis. The study highlights the role of PIM1 and the IL-22 cytokine in skin inflammation, suggesting a direct link between these two.
A team of astronomers has discovered four new galaxy clusters, each containing thousands of individual galaxies, some 10 billion light years away. The clusters are seen as they existed 3 billion years ago, providing insights into the formation of giant elliptical galaxies.
Researchers found a genetic variation in the NPTN gene associated with thinner grey matter in the left cerebral hemisphere and lower verbal and non-verbal intelligence. The study may help understand biological mechanisms behind psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia and autism.
A new study by researchers at Women's College Hospital and ICES found that young girls with mental illness are three times more likely to become teenage parents. The study examined live birth rates from 1999 to 2009 in 4.5 million Ontario girls, aged 15-19, with and without a major mental health illness.
Researchers found that fallow bucks respond differently to fast vs. slow rate groans, indicating they signal aggression through calling speed. Bucks also recognize early-rut groans as more threatening than late-rut ones, helping them avoid exhausted rivals during mating season.
A new disease gene ERCC6L2 has been identified as the underlying cause of bone marrow failure, allowing for reliable genetic testing. The discovery could lead to the development of new treatments for this specific gene defect.
A University of Texas at Arlington team has uncovered that mutations and interactions among three genes create a wide variety of color variations in domestic pigeons. The study found two independent deletions near the Sox10 gene produce recessive red pigmentation, hinting at a slippery gene.
A University of South Florida study found that a nutritional supplement containing blueberries and green tea improved cognitive processing speed in older adults without impairing memory. The supplement, NT-020, was tested on 105 healthy adults aged 65 to 85, with modest improvements seen after two months.
A new drug treatment has been found to be effective against chronic pain caused by nerve damage, including post-herpetic neuralgia. Fifty-eight per cent of participants taking the drug found it effective, reducing pain by at least 30 per cent.
A new study of 49,000 high school seniors found that most spend their earnings on clothes, music, and entertainment, with males spending more on cars. Despite this, college savers tend to have better grades and lower substance use, but still face negative effects from long working hours.
The Price Family Foundation has awarded a $3 million grant to Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the University of Oklahoma to investigate the structural biology of anaerobic microorganisms, with a focus on combating C. difficile infections. The joint project aims to find better treatments for these life-threatening infections.
A study by King's College London suggests that pain sensitivity can be altered by lifestyle and environmental factors through epigenetics. Researchers found variations in chemical modifications within genes involved in pain sensitivity, including the TRPA1 gene.
Researchers found that babies born at home by midwives had a four times higher risk of neonatal deaths than those born in hospitals. The study, using nearly 14 million data points, also revealed an increased risk for first-time mothers and pregnancies beyond 41 weeks.
A new study published in the Journal of Neurosurgery found that football helmets with improved design can significantly reduce concussion risk. The research analyzed head impact data from eight collegiate teams and showed a 54% reduction in concussions for players wearing Riddell Revolution helmets compared to VSR4 helmets.
A new database created by UNC Charlotte researchers identifies 306 'health legacy foundations' in 43 states, with critical information on location, asset values, and grant awards. The database helps bridge the gap in documenting philanthropic assets, which are expected to increase due to healthcare reform.
A survey of 118 campus law enforcement officers found that 72% had responded to at least one sexual assault case, with 77% receiving specialized training. However, only 64% understood federal requirements under the Clery Act, highlighting a need for improved training and awareness.
Researchers at the University of Houston and Universite de Montréal have developed a new theoretical model that may improve the efficiency of solar cells. The model explores quantum-mechanical effects in polymeric semiconductors, which could lead to more efficient materials with blends of semiconducting polymers and fullerenes.
The University of Oklahoma and Albert Einstein College of Medicine will establish an Institute of Structural Biology to advance research on the impact of proteins. Researchers will target deadly diseases and search for new cures, gaining expertise in X-ray analysis and large-scale structural genomics.
A recent study found that 59% of college students at one Oregon university experienced food insecurity, with severe implications for their academic performance, physical and emotional health. The researchers attributed this issue to rising college costs, low-income and first-generation students, and changing demographic trends.
The Tisch College of Citizenship and Public Service at Tufts University is developing Civic Seed, an interactive video game designed to better prepare college students to engage with the community. The game includes multiple levels that explore community collaboration, professional standards, sustainability, and leadership development.
A systematic review of data from over 40 studies found that colleges can reduce freshman drinking by implementing personalized feedback reports, which significantly helped students to reduce their drinking frequency, quantity, and alcohol-related problems. Interventions combining multiple techniques proved most effective in reducing fi...
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine developed a mouse model with fluorescently tagged beta-actin mRNA, allowing them to observe the molecular processes that culminate in memories. The study revealed a novel mechanism by which brain neurons control the synthesis of beta-actin protein.
Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine found that using a compact elliptical device while sitting can lead to significant weight loss and prevention of weight gain. The study involved 32 participants who used the device for one hour daily, resulting in an average weight loss of 5.2 pounds per year.
A new study published in CMAJ found that people who enjoy life maintain better physical function as they age, with slower declines in daily activities and walking speeds. Participants who had higher levels of well-being were less likely to develop problems in their daily physical activities.
A new study published by JRSM Open suggests that up to 2 million people in England could benefit from bariatric surgery due to obesity-related diseases. The researchers highlight several factors contributing to low surgery rates, including patient awareness and socioeconomic status.
A study published in Biological Psychiatry found that MDMA decreases activity in the limbic system, which is involved in emotional responses. The results suggest possible clinical uses of MDMA in treating anxiety and PTSD. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Researchers used custom-built GPS and accelerometer loggers attached to free-flying birds to study their aerodynamics in V-formation. The study found that birds precisely time their wing flaps to maximize upwash capture, while avoiding areas of downwash.
A study found that university rankings, such as Princeton Review and U.S. News & World Report, affect the number of applications received by colleges and their competitiveness. Academic reputations play a significant role in recruitment efforts, while unfavorable ratings can decrease application pools.
The CCNY team created a model that predicts how resistance changes in relation to stirring speed, which can help improve the processing of materials in suspension. The model modifies classical fluid mechanics approaches to include forces resulting from friction, allowing for accurate reproduction of experimental observations.
A new study finds a troubling relationship between drinking and PTSD symptoms in college students. The research reveals that college students with PTSD symptoms are more likely to engage in heavy drinking, which can exacerbate their PTSD symptoms over time.
Scientists have found that most tree species grow faster and sequester more carbon as they age, challenging the long-held assumption that older trees are less productive. This finding is based on data from over 673,000 individual trees measured across six continents.
A new study reveals that fantasy sports players tend to overestimate the role of skill and knowledge in building a winning team, while underestimating the impact of luck. The researchers found that even small amounts of misinformation can significantly affect players' perceptions of their chances of winning.
Researchers from Haverford College discovered that falcons head off their prey by flying so the target appears stationary in the falcon's visual field, reducing energy expenditure and increasing hunting success. This strategy is also employed by bats and humans when chasing prey or evading threats.
A new study reveals that hepatitis C infection rates vary significantly among Hispanic groups in the US, with Puerto Rican individuals facing the highest risk. The study, which analyzed data from over 11,000 individuals, found that infection rates range from less than 1% to 11.6% among different ethnic groups.
UCLA researchers Gabriel Rossman and Oliver Schilke analyzed 25 years of data on mainstream cinema to discover the logic behind Hollywood's decisions. They found that filmmakers who make movies with "Oscar appeal" (often mocked as "Oscar bait") face a risk-and-reward structure similar to lobbyists, with costly bids for potential awards.
Researchers found a substantial drop in the use of affirmative action in college admissions from 1992 to 2004. Selective public colleges in states affected by statewide bans or judicial rulings significantly reduced their affirmative action policies, whereas others continued to prioritize minority applicants.
Researchers found that variations in non-coding DNA sequences influence insulin-producing cell behavior in people with type 2 diabetes. Genome sequences controlling gene activity were identified, and genetic variants associated with diabetes risk were also linked to these clusters.
A new study by Dr. Mark Reiff suggests a radical approach to funding public higher education: students pay a fixed percentage of their income after graduation, while investors receive a share of the cohort's average income. This system, called 'education securities,' could provide affordable education for all and relieve governments of...
Denise R. Simmons, a Virginia Tech professor, received an NSF CAREER award to study factors influencing engineering students' co-curricular involvement and workforce entry. Her goal is to broaden participation in engineering degrees and increase the number of engineers entering the technological workforce.
Researchers have discovered a mechanism by which bacteria can evade antibiotics, forming 'persisters' that are tolerant to many drugs. The study found Salmonella bacteria forms large numbers of persisters after being engulfed by immune cells, allowing it to survive antibiotic treatment and cause recurrent infections.
A study published in Hepatology found that SLPI protein plays a critical role in excessive anti-inflammatory responses in acute liver failure, making patients susceptible to sepsis and infection. Inhibiting SLPI protein may help restore immune function and prevent infection in these patients.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that centenarian numbers increased by 72.3% in Ontario over 15 years, with women making up 85.3% of centenarians. The majority lived independently or received publicly funded home care, highlighting the need for tailored health and social care.
A new method for analyzing biological samples based on their chemical makeup is set to transform the way medical scientists examine diseased tissue. The technology uses mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to identify tissue types, providing more detailed information than standard histological tests.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that England's universal healthcare system manages blood pressure more equitably across socioeconomic groups compared to the US. In contrast, wealthier Americans are more likely to meet blood pressure targets than poorer patients.