Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Wearable sensors and digital communication systems offer fast, inexpensive and efficient mobile health information, reducing extended hospitalization and in-patient costs. Big data and preventive healthcare are also being developed to enable personalized medicine practice and early therapeutic intervention.
Researchers applied a novel method to assess extinction risk for bird species in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, revealing two distinct groups: those with severe and mild fragmentation impacts. Out of 58 severely fragmented species, 28 are not currently considered threatened.
Hernia surgery appears cost-effective, with an average cost per QALY of £1,881, and patients report greater health benefit after keyhole surgery than open surgery. The study challenges the idea that hernia surgery has low clinical value.
The study analyzes benefits and risks of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors (coxibs), finding that naproxen may have the best benefit-to-risk ratio on cardiovascular disease, while high-dose diclofenac and ibuprofen pose comparable vascular risks.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have developed a vaccine that protects against necrotic enteritis, a severe poultry disease caused by Clostridium perfringens. The vaccine targets the bacterium's NetB toxin, allowing for effective prevention and control of the devastating disease.
The NHS receives millions of pounds annually in revenue from promotions to pregnant women, raising concerns over commercial interests influencing healthcare decisions. Trusted organizations, including the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, profit from selling advertisers access to pregnant women through promotions.
A study published in the British Medical Journal found that patients undergoing planned surgery are more likely to die if they have their operation at the end of the week. The mortality rate was lowest for patients having operations on Monday and increased for each subsequent day of the week, with a significant increase on Fridays.
A study reveals a unique form of childhood asthma connected to impaired sphingolipid synthesis, bypassing typical allergen and inflammation pathways. This discovery may lead to precision medicine approaches for treatment.
A new study by King's College London found that children who suffered maltreatment are 36% more likely to be obese in adulthood. The authors estimated that preventing or effectively treating child maltreatment could avoid up to 1 case of adult obesity.
Researchers used MRI to identify disrupted brain processes in premature infants, showing a link between preterm birth and impaired cognitive function. The study found that cortical development was reduced in premature infants, with the greatest effect in the most premature babies.
A group of experts developed a framework for reporting incidental findings in clinical exome and genome sequencing, following the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics recommendations. The framework justifies reporting clinically beneficial incidental findings as ethically compatible with respect for patient autonomy.
A 505 million-year-old fossil, Kooteninchela deppi, discovered in British Columbia, is a distant ancestor of lobsters and scorpions. Its 'scissor hand-like' claws were named after Johnny Depp's starring role in Edward Scissorhands.
Researchers at Imperial College London found that middle-aged individuals with higher body fat experience stiffer arteries. This stiffness can lead to increased risk of cardiovascular disease and death.
Researchers will develop an algorithm using digital forensics to detect data exfiltration, employee misconduct, and unauthorized activity. The system will analyze organization's computer systems and present a report on system usage anomalies.
Paula Myrick Short, interim provost and senior vice president for academic affairs, has been selected as a Fulbright Specialist to engage in short-term collaborative projects at international universities. She will share expertise in reform strategies, leadership development, and policy support to enhance student success.
Lian Duan's new algorithm cluster improves adverse drug effect detection by 23.83% in simulated medical outcomes dataset. NJIT has a history of assisting New Jersey physicians with electronic health information technology, and Duan's research has applications in various industries.
Miljanic aims to enhance students' educational experience through recorded lectures and 3D printed models. His research focuses on molecular self-sorting and development of new molecules for sensing, separations, and energy-relevant applications.
A Wayne State University researcher has developed a new technique called LOBOT that provides accurate, real-time positions for small ground robotic vehicles. The technique combines elements of common localization schemes and uses a hybrid approach with infrequent GPS use, a 3-D accelerometer, and motor rotation sensors.
Researchers discovered that inhibiting powerful protein EZH2 with new agents may supply broad benefit for lymphoma patients. The study found that EZH2 is a key driver of cancer in B-cells, and its inhibition can help treat follicular lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas.
A USC Marshall study found that brands appeal to consumers' aesthetic, functional, and spiritual needs to build attachment. The three E's - enticement, enablement, and enrichment - determine the distance between customers and a brand.
Researchers at the University of Strathclyde and Imperial College London have developed a portable device for producing ultracold atoms for quantum technology. The device uses micro-fabricated diffraction gratings to cool and trap large numbers of atoms, enabling accurate measurements in various fields.
A GWU biologist has created the largest-ever evolutionary family tree for all known snake and lizard groups, covering over 4,000 species. The study, published in BMC Evolutionary Biology, provides a comprehensive classification system for these reptiles.
Researchers identified a key protein responsible for stress hormones' detrimental effect on brain cells. A new compound was found to block this effect, increasing the number of new brain cells in a potential new avenue for drug discovery.
A new species of small theropod dinosaur has been identified in northwestern China, with fossil remains estimated to be less than a year old. The discovery, made by a team led by George Washington University biologist James Clark, provides insights into the early evolution of meat-eating dinosaurs.
Hot water recirculating systems touted as environmentally friendly actually use more energy and water than traditional systems, according to Virginia Tech researchers. The study found that these systems can require up to double the energy of conventional systems, increasing consumer bills.
Phyllis Guze, M.D., associate vice chancellor at UCR Medical School, has been awarded the Dema C. Daley Founder's award by APDIM for her career dedication to exemplary teaching and innovative educational program management. She also received the Mastership designation from ACP, recognizing her contributions to medicine and medical educ...
Scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have found that the hypothalamus controls aging throughout the body, opening up new avenues for treating age-related diseases. Activating specific pathways can accelerate or slow down aging, and blocking them may increase longevity by up to 20 percent.
The American Educational Research Association has issued a new report on bullying prevention, emphasizing the need for training and technical assistance to address this issue. The report highlights key findings on the causes and consequences of bullying, as well as practical strategies for reducing its impact.
Researchers developed a statistical modeling approach to assemble and evaluate the fitness of individual neurons, identifying diverse yet robust populations as the most successful. This method can help understand the importance of neuronal diversity and predict how alterations in neuron variability impact function.
Researchers discovered that VEGF-driven artery formation requires the binding of VEGFR2 and NRP1. Mice lacking a part of NRP1 molecule had poorly constructed arteries and failed to repair blood vessel blockages. This study opens new therapeutic opportunities for cardiovascular and anti-cancer therapies.
A new evidence-based algorithm guides treatment of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease in children, recommending simultaneous kidney and liver transplantation for select patients. The approach aims to decrease overall mortality and morbidity, particularly in those with end-stage renal disease and congenital hepatic fibrosis.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a system called WorldKit that enables users to create personalized touch-based interfaces with gestures. The system uses a ceiling-mounted camera and projector to record room geometries, sense hand gestures, and project images on desired surfaces.
Researchers discovered distinctive patterns of DNA methylation associated with both autism diagnosis and related behavior traits, suggesting a quantitative relationship between the two. The study provides insight into the biological mechanism mediating gene-environment interaction in autism spectrum disorder.
Regular binge drinking in college causes immediate changes in circulation, increasing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. College students who binge drink may experience impaired vascular function similar to those with daily heavy alcohol consumption.
A Michigan State University study found that student-athletes who believed their coaches expected high academic performance were more confident in the classroom. Researchers also highlighted the role of professors, academic advisers and classmates in boosting confidence
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have discovered how the SAMHD1 protein regulates HIV-1 replication in white blood cells. Phosphorylation of SAMHD1 is essential to protect macrophages from HIV infection, and maintaining this state could prevent reservoirs of HIV-1 from forming.
Researchers analyzed death records of 40,139 dogs and found that sterilized dogs lived 9.4 years on average compared to 7.9 years for intact dogs, primarily due to increased risk of cancer and autoimmune diseases.
Achieving widespread reductions in preventable hospital readmissions among Medicare beneficiaries may take longer than anticipated. Fostering collaborative relationships among providers across care settings is key to reducing preventable readmissions, according to researchers analyzing the State Action on Avoidable Rehospitalizations i...
New York University College of Nursing's Dr. Sherry Deren received a five-year, $6.7 million grant from the National Institute on Drug Abuse for continued funding of the Center for Drug Use and HIV Research (CDUHR). The Center will enhance translation and implementation of research findings to maximize public health impact.
A new study found that criminal background checks and pre-admission screening questions are ineffective in predicting students who will commit crimes on college campuses. Only a small fraction of students with prior criminal records were identified as likely to engage in misconduct during college.
A new study examines the effectiveness of parent-based interventions in preventing alcohol use among college students. The results show that teens who perceive their friends as more approving of alcohol consumption are more influenced by parental communication about drinking. PBIs can be effective even among those feeling high peer pre...
A study found that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can improve the quality of life for severely depressed patients who go into remission. However, patients may experience challenges with social function and emotional role after treatment.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has introduced two evidence-based interventions and two videos to enhance patient-clinician communication in the first year following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) event. The initiatives aim to improve health outcomes by providing a patient guide, clinician support tool, and video resources.
A new study by King's College London and University of Arizona scientists has found deep similarities in brain regulation between arthropods and vertebrates, shedding light on evolution and disease mechanisms. The discovery suggests a common evolutionary origin for brain circuits underlying behavioral choice.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) and the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) have released a policy paper providing guidance on best practices for physicians' online behavior. The recommendations aim to preserve trust in patient-physician relationships and protect patient interests when using social media.
Annals of Internal Medicine and ACP honor Adrienne Allen, MD, MPH, and Matthew Spitzer, MD, for their groundbreaking research on patient safety and erectile dysfunction. The awards highlight the importance of rigorous methodology and potential impact on clinical practice.
The ACP Clinical Guidelines app provides clinicians with easy access to evidence-based clinical recommendations and rationale, saving them time in their practice. Available on iPhone, iPad, and Android, the app includes guidance statements and high-value care advice for all currently active guidelines.
Researchers found that mobility shoes significantly reduced knee loading and improved gait in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Long-term use of the shoes helped participants adapt their walking pattern, leading to a 18% reduction in knee adduction moment.
A study at Ohio State University found that 'grit' is a key factor in predicting college success for black men. Grit refers to the dedication to pursuing and achieving a goal despite obstacles and failures. This factor affects college grades almost as much as high school GPA and ACT scores, highlighting its importance.
Research shows that diseases traditionally associated with wealth are now prevalent in middle-income countries, while obesity and high blood pressure are rising in poorer nations. The study suggests improved diagnosis and lifestyle changes in wealthy countries may be driving the shift.
A new study by the American College of Radiology found that any potential work efficiencies gained when different providers interpret different medical imaging scans on the same patient are minimal and vary by procedure. The study suggests that Medicare's estimates of potential work savings were greatly exaggerated, with a maximum redu...
Dartmouth researchers found significant geographic differences in male and female chin shapes, contradicting the notion of a single 'sexy' chin. The study tested the universal facial attractiveness hypothesis across nine regions, challenging Darwin's theory on the evolution of physical characteristics.
The American College of Physicians suggests that men between 50-69 discuss potential benefits and harms of the PSA test before screening. The risks include problems interpreting test results, biopsy complications, and treatment side effects. ACP recommends against testing in men younger than 50 or older than 69 with low life expectancy.
Researchers discovered genetic changes enabling H5N1 bird flu to replicate in mammalian noses, paving the way for more effective vaccines against human transmission. The findings suggest that specific mutations can mediate the spread of bird flu between humans.
Researchers at University of South Florida led by Michael White found that plant proteins, AP2 factors, control the transition from acute to chronic Toxoplasma stage. These factors help the parasite decide when to grow or form tissue cysts that can remain dormant for years.
The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute aims to develop advanced personalized therapeutic solutions for patients with devastating brain diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. The institute will conduct bench-to-bedside research to test novel therapeutics in cutting-edge clinical trials.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) releases new recommendations for prostate cancer screening, focusing on shared decision-making and clear patient preference. Men between 50-69 years old should discuss the benefits and harms of PSA testing with their doctor before undergoing screening. The ACP also recommends against screening f...
Researchers grew and analysed stem cells from patients with von Willebrand disease to identify the cause of the disease in individual patients, enabling more effective treatments. The technique may also be used to treat diseases of the heart, blood and circulation, including haemophilia.
Only half of patients with hip or knee replacements reported significant improvement in pain and mobility. Patients who had worse joint pain to begin with but fewer general health problems were more likely to report benefits.
Researchers found that 35% of schizophrenia patients in relapse had UTIs, compared to 5% and 3% of stable outpatients and healthy controls. The association suggests that UTIs may trigger schizophrenia relapse.