Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study reveals that states considering in-state tuition for undocumented immigrants are more likely to have a large foreign-born population and higher relative unemployment. States with female legislators who favor civil liberties policies also tend to consider tuition bills.
Researchers have identified a molecular pathway affected in schizophrenia and successfully alleviated symptoms using a cancer drug. The study found that reducing p35 enzyme levels led to cognitive impairment, which was addressed by administering the cancer drug MS-275.
Mamie Moy, a 56-year University of Houston professor, received the American Chemical Society's Award for Encouraging Women into Careers in the Chemical Sciences. The award recognizes her dedication to promoting diversity and encouraging girls and women to pursue careers in chemical sciences.
Scientists discover six new species of Eucalantica micro-moths in Central America, revealing a higher diversity and wider distribution than previously thought. The discoveries highlight the vast underexplored biodiversity of life on Earth, with only 20% of extant species described.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have developed a new fluorescent protein, iRFP, that allows for the non-invasive visualization of internal organs in live animals. The protein absorbs and emits light in the near-infrared spectrum, enabling clear imaging without radiation exposure or contrast agents.
The NSF-funded Engineering Research Center for Sensorimotor Neural Engineering will develop new technologies for amputees, stroke patients, and those with cerebral palsy. Researchers aim to create implantable prosthetics controlled by brain signals, revolutionizing robotic systems integration with the body's nervous system.
A study published in Fish and Fisheries reveals that 28% of cod products sold in Ireland are mislabeled, compared to 7% in the UK. The research found that most mislabeled products were less expensive fish species substituted for cod.
A study by Jeffrey Martin found that social and environmental factors like classmate support and confidence play a crucial role in determining physical activity levels among underserved children. The study also revealed that girls are less likely to engage in physical activity than boys, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
Researchers at Columbia University Irving Medical Center developed an identification protocol for high blood sugar levels in dental patients. They found a simple algorithm using two dental parameters was effective in identifying pre-diabetes or diabetes.
Consumers in a positive mood make quicker and more consistent judgments than unhappy people. Positive affect conditions lead to faster response times and more consistent evaluations.
A new analysis confirms that localized reactive badger culling increases the risk of infection in nearby herds. The study found that the presence of any reactive culling activity within one kilometre of a herd more than doubled the risk of bovine TB, even after adjusting for the number of confirmed outbreaks nearby.
A study of college athletes and non-athletes found that athletes tend to use marijuana for recreational purposes, whereas non-athletes often use it to cope with stress. However, male athletes who continued to use marijuana during their competitive season reported more anxiety and negative mood.
Research from Northwestern University found that 50% of college drinkers report at least one alcohol-induced memory blackout in the past year. Students who experienced these blackouts were more likely to suffer alcohol-related injuries, highlighting the need for better screening and interventions.
Perlecan domain V protects nerve cells from death and promotes blood vessel growth after stroke, enhancing brain repair. Elevated levels of perlecan domain V were detected in rodent models of stroke, suggesting it may provide a nontoxic therapy to improve stroke outcomes.
A new study published in Arthritis & Rheumatism found that male smokers had a lower risk of undergoing total joint replacement surgery compared to non-smokers. High body mass index (BMI) and vigorous physical activity were also linked to an increased risk of arthroplasty in men, particularly those over 70 years old.
Researchers at King's College London have discovered a molecule called CXCL5 that controls sensitivity to UVB irradiation-induced pain, providing a potential new target for medicines. The findings also suggest the possibility of developing new analgesics for conditions like arthritis and cystitis.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that cardiac valve procedure patients' outcomes are influenced by their primary insurance type. Uninsured and Medicaid patients experienced higher risks of mortality, longer hospital stays, and increased total costs compared to those with private insurance.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons predicts a shortfall in the combined workforce of physicians, advance practice nurses, and physician assistants over the next two decades. The US will face serious shortages if an adequate supply of advanced medical professionals is not met.
Scientists from Queen Mary University of London and UCL are investigating whether robots can learn to recognize faces like humans do. This research aims to develop software that allows robots to interact with humans in a natural way, understanding facial expressions and emotions.
A study found that integrating clinical decision support tools into Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) improved radiologists' use of the tools, with a 52% increase in usage when access was removed. The integrated approach led to a threefold increase in sessions compared to non-integrated access.
Research suggests that students who experience frequent drink-fueled memory blackouts are at a higher risk of sustaining an injury while under the influence. The study analyzed data from over 800 undergraduates and found that those with six or more memory blackouts were almost three times as likely to sustain an injury.
William R. Baldwin, O.D., was inducted into the National Optometry Hall of Fame for his contributions to the field of optometry. He led the University of Houston's College of Optometry and took steps towards becoming a recognized vision research center.
Earl Smith, University of Houston's Dean of Optometry, has developed a treatment strategy to slow the progression of myopia in children. His team is partnering with researchers in Australia to develop new contact lenses that can be used to implement these strategies.
A new study found that physicians are accepting fewer patients with private insurance, despite the expansion of health care reform. This decline is attributed to low reimbursement rates and administrative complexities, which may hamper access to quality medical care.
A major international study reveals that the number of adults with diabetes has reached 347 million, more than double the number in 1980. The prevalence of diabetes has risen or remained unchanged in virtually every part of the world over the last three decades.
A new study by American Society for Horticultural Science reveals that landscape coefficients can be used to predict seasonal water demand and enhance irrigation information. This approach shows promising results for promoting water savings in mixed-species urban landscapes, supporting regional conservation efforts.
Researchers have demonstrated that chromophores do not need to change shape to trigger the visual signal, instead, an electronic coupling initiates the process. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption of isomerization as the first step in the visual signal initiation.
The University of Arizona has been awarded a multi-million dollar contract to polish a 4.2-meter primary mirror for the Advanced Technology Solar Telescope in Hawaii. The mirror will be the world's largest solar telescope, allowing researchers to study the sun in unprecedented detail.
Two studies reveal individual neurons control synaptic vesicle recycling speed, with variations across different neurons. This finding refines neuroscience's understanding of neurotransmission at the synaptic gap between brain cells.
NJIT researchers Reginald C. Farrow and Zafer Iqbal developed a method to fabricate arrays of nanoscale electrical probes, which may lead to improved diagnostic tools for measuring biological cell activity. The patented technique allows for precise control over the location of individual nanotubes in an array.
The University of Arizona College of Engineering has been awarded grants from the US Department of Defense to develop high-tech measuring equipment for real-world applications in chemical and civil engineering. Armin Sorooshian's project aims to study cloud droplets and their effect on precipitation, while Jennifer Duan's project focus...
Research by NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center reveals varicoceles cause lower testosterone levels in men. Microsurgery significantly increases testosterone levels in patients with varicoceles.
A study by Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that African Americans with dental insurance still experience barriers to quality care, including limited coverage and inadequate provider availability. This leads to postponed treatment, worsening symptoms, and increased public health expenses.
Simon Chan and Jorge Dubcovsky, two UC Davis plant biologists, have been selected as HHMI-GBMF Investigators, funded by $75 million over five years to support their research on plant breeding and wheat improvement. Their work has the potential to help avert a looming global food crisis.
Rigoberto Advincula has developed two materials effective against E. coli: a graphene material with antimicrobial properties and a conducting polymer that can repel bacteria. His work, published in high-impact journals, is part of his prolific record as a leading polymer researcher.
A new JAMA study reveals that adverse events, including major injury and death, occur frequently in private physician offices and outpatient clinics. The researchers found that errors in diagnosis and surgery are increasing in the outpatient setting, driven by advances in minimally invasive surgical techniques.
New HIV incidence assays have the potential to revolutionize AIDS prevention efforts by offering accurate and efficient methods for tracking recent HIV infections. These innovative tests could help target high-risk populations more effectively, ultimately reducing the spread of HIV.
A study of college students found that attending classes with later start times led to delayed sleep schedules, resulting in poorer sleep, increased binge drinking, and lower grades. Students who preferred staying up later were more likely to engage in heavy drinking and experience negative academic consequences.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded Penn State a $27.3 million grant to support the Clinical and Translational Science Institute, which aims to improve public health through collaborative research and outreach expertise. The grant will focus on children's health, cancer, and behavioral health.
A study found that poor sleep hygiene in high school is associated with lower grades in college, but shifts towards a morning chronotype can improve academic performance. Students who are 'evening types' initially struggle, but adapt and show significant improvement by the senior year.
Astronomers have discovered a second supersized black hole at the heart of the unusual nearby galaxy Markarian 739. The study used NASA's Swift satellite and Chandra X-ray Observatory to find the hidden AGN, which is one of the nearest and clearest cases of a binary AGN. The dual black holes are separated by only 11,000 light-years.
A new study reveals that certain types of chronic pain may be caused by signals from the skin itself, rather than damage to nerves within the skin. Skin cells generate increased amounts of a lesser-known 'beta' isoform of CGRP, which may be sending pain signals to remaining sensory nerve fibers in the skin.
The open-source software, GenPlay, is designed to help biologists visualize, analyze and transform raw genomic data. Biologists can now analyze their own data using a user-friendly tool that provides continuous visual feedback, making it easier to make sense of the avalanche of new data.
Patients undergoing elective total hip or knee arthroplasty at hospitals with lower surgical volume had a higher risk of venous thromboembolism and mortality following the procedure. Researchers found that hospital procedures and peri- and post-operative care processes may contribute to complications.
A University of Cincinnati researcher is using simulation modeling to study the impact of electronic health record implementation on emergency departments. The study aims to quantify the operational disruption caused by EHRs and optimize efficiency during implementation.
A study found that people prefer therapists with well-organized, personalized, and comfortable offices. Offices rated as more orderly and soft were seen as having friendlier and more qualified therapists. However, gender stereotypes also played a role in the perception of office quality.
A nationwide study found that young adults aged 18-27 experience increased self-esteem and mastery when holding credit card and education debt. The effect is strongest among those in lower economic classes, who see debt as a resource for achieving goals and feeling in control of their lives.
The PARTNER Trial found that catheter-based aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is as safe and effective as open surgery for patients at high risk for surgery, with similar one-year survival rates. TAVR also showed improved recovery times and reduced risk of complications compared to open heart surgery.
Researchers at King's College London have identified a way to eliminate leukaemic stem cells, which could lead to new treatments enabling complete remission for leukemia patients. The study found that suppressing two proteins, Bmi1 and Hoxa9, can abolish the ability of MLL leukaemic stem cells to proliferate.
Researchers successfully recreated Rett syndrome in adult mice by 'switching off' a critical disease-causing gene, challenging the notion that early expression of the gene protects against the development of symptoms. The study suggests therapies for Rett syndrome may need to be continuously maintained throughout an individual's life.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have found that neurons need the MeCP2 protein throughout their entire existence. Without it, even as an adult, neurons can develop Rett-like behaviors and die prematurely. This discovery opens up new possibilities for treating Rett syndrome patients by providing a steady supply of the protein.
A new study from the University of Missouri found that CEOs who prioritize employee job satisfaction can significantly improve customer satisfaction and loyalty. The researchers discovered a strong link between high employee satisfaction and customer loyalty, with twice as strong a positive impact compared to low employee satisfaction.
Researchers found threshold haemoglobin values below which mortality increased in a graded, continuous fashion. Haemoglobin levels are associated with increased risk of mortality in patients with angina or myocardial infarction.
The American Society of Plant Biologists has awarded 15 summer undergraduate research fellowships to outstanding students for meaningful plant biology research early in their college careers. The fellowships support each student's presentation of a poster at the annual meeting, promoting undergraduate research in plant science.
Advancements in telemedicine, medical robots, biomarkers, neural engineering, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine are transforming patient care. Five key areas of convergence will drive healthcare's future.
A €6m European Commission grant will fund clinical trials of NILVADIPINE, a medication already used to treat high blood pressure, in treating Alzheimer's disease. The trials aim to improve memory and slow the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
A study published in Nature shows that a combination therapy of RI-BPI and Gleevec eradicates cancer in cell and animal studies, targeting the Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) form of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This breakthrough offers new hope for improved survival rates for children with this aggressive cancer.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that comprehensive tort reform in Texas resulted in an 80% decrease in surgical malpractice lawsuits and a significant reduction in associated costs. The study, which spanned 18 years, showed that the prevalence of lawsuits dropped from 40/100,000 operations to ...
Mainz University's Gutenberg Research College awards fellowship to Stuart Parkin, renowned experimental physicist and IBM Fellow. The award enhances postgraduate research in spintronics, a key area of focus for both institutions.
Rima Taher, a civil and structural engineer at NJIT, presents research on designing low-rise buildings for extreme winds and hurricanes. Her recommendations include using square or hexagonal floor plans with multiple-sloped roofs to improve wind resistance.