Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that a warm-up of 15-20 minutes with simple surgical exercises improves proficiency and alertness in surgeons. The research shows that warm-up exercises can benefit even fatigued surgeons, leading to better performance during operations.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have discovered that the protective capsule of Cryptococcus neoformans fungus grows by linking saccharides together, allowing it to evade the immune system. This finding could lead to new therapies or vaccines against fungal infections.
A study of 18,000 students found notable gender bias in student ratings of high school science teachers, with female teachers receiving lower evaluations than their male counterparts. Despite being equally effective at preparing students for college, female teachers were undervalued by both male and female students.
A Weill Cornell Medical College study reveals that proBDNF, a neural growth factor, is present during the perinatal period when brain circuitry and memory-encoding regions are refined. The research provides new insights into how the brain is wired and how this wiring is refined, particularly during developmental stages.
In a speed-dating study, researchers found that men and women were equally skilled at gauging romantic interest, but women's deceptive behavior made it harder for observers to judge their interest accurately. The study suggests that evolutionary theory predicts women to be more coy or deceptive in dating environments.
Combining drugs that protect neurons with those targeting memory may be key to treating neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers at the Medical College of Georgia are exploring novel drug candidates that target specific disease targets and improve cognition, reaction time and attention.
Researchers discovered a link between mutated genes and vascular development, which could lead to classification and therapy for congenital blood vessel malformations. The study identified two key genes, Snrk-1 and Dusp-5, as playing crucial roles in angioblast formation and differentiation.
Scientists investigated early warning system accuracy, finding it unlikely to estimate large earthquakes with high precision. Rapid magnitude estimation works better when using multiple seismic stations in close proximity to the fault.
The Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center at NJIT has developed a prototype of the Hands-Up video game software, which will improve neuro-plasticity through intensive training. Over 50 partners are expected to receive the free software, instruction, and evaluation materials.
Robin Clark will receive the prize for his groundbreaking use of Raman microscopy, enabling the authentication of art and artifacts without damaging them. This award recognizes his significant contributions to the field of chemistry and its impact on the preservation of cultural heritage.
A new study by Nicole Votolato Montgomery and H. Rao Unnava found that consumers tend to favor vacations with improved outcomes over those with worsened outcomes when evaluated immediately, but reverse preferences emerge after a delay.
A study of third-graders found that daily recess improved classroom behavior, social development, and health. Children who received more recess behaved better and were likely to learn more.
A new study supports a University of Houston professor's theory that blocking the beta-2 adrenoreceptor receptor instead of stimulating it could be a safer and more effective strategy for long-term asthma management. The research, published in PNAS, reveals that a mouse model without the key gene produces fewer asthma-like symptoms.
New photoactivatable fluorescent proteins (PAFPs) and advanced fluorescent proteins (FPs) allow scientists to visualize individual cellular molecules in living cells. These tools are transforming biomedical research by enabling the study of cancer cells, protein-protein interactions, and cellular processes.
A New York University study suggests that registered nurses with a second degree are an efficient solution to the current nursing shortage. Second degree nurses tend to be older and more motivated, having coping advantages over newer graduates, which can lead to better job satisfaction and retention rates.
A recent survey by Medical College of Wisconsin researchers found that residents in Metro Milwaukee may not be as well-prepared for disasters as the rest of the country. The survey revealed that only 37% of respondents had taken a first-aid course, and 15% had volunteered to help prepare for or respond to a major emergency.
The study proposes a theoretical model of the brain's coordination dynamics and applies a novel 4D colorimetric method to human neurophysiological data. It reveals that both integration and segregation occur in the brain, essential for its normal function.
A mathematical model by UCL researchers explains how extended courtship enables a male to signal his suitability and the female to screen out unsuitable mates. The study shows that long courtship carries information about the male's type, making it more probable that he is a good male over time.
Four high school students from High Technology High School won $20,000 in scholarships for their paper on ethanol's economic and environmental implications. The paper was also the first M3 Challenge entry to be published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine identified a small intracellular protein, p115, that helps cells commit suicide and is required for the pro-apoptotic function of the Golgi protein. This discovery could lead to drugs for combating cancer and other diseases characterized by overproduction of cells.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that laparoscopic removal of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is safe and effective. The disease-free survival rate for patients who underwent laparoscopic treatment was nearly 80% after an average follow-up time of three and a half years.
Research by Drs. Bergman and Siegal explores evolutionary capacitance, a concept addressing stability of species under accumulated genetic variation. They found that most genes hold variation in reserve, releasing it when functionally compromised.
A study by psychologist Jaime L. Kurtz found that college seniors who thought they had a limited amount of time left reported participating in more college-related activities than those who did not. This suggests that thinking about an experience's future ending can enhance present enjoyment and motivation.
A Florida State University researcher has received a four-year, $1.2 million grant to explore the link between RNA silencing and gene regulation in fighting cancer and diseases. The goal is to understand how to switch off genes causing cancerous tumors and cardiovascular disease.
B. Montgomery Pettitt, a UH chemistry professor, has been recognized as an American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Fellow for his distinguished work in computational and theoretical chemistry. He is one of only three researchers at UH to receive this honor.
Researchers created a simple model to predict patients at high risk for chronic kidney disease, using an eight-point risk factor checklist. The model accurately stratifies middle-aged and older patients and has been validated across different cohorts.
Researchers studied odorant octanal and its shape-changing properties to understand how our sense of smell works. They found that conformationally constrained odorants can alter fragrance mixture odors by muting flexible odorant activity or activating smaller subsets of olfactory sensory neurons.
Paul M. Torrens, an associate professor at Arizona State University, received the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) for his work on crowd behavior modeling using 3-D computational modeling. His research has been recognized as a pioneer in the emerging field of geosimulation.
Bacteria's tiny magnetic crystals act as a navigational compass, guiding them through sediment to optimal feeding grounds. The discovery challenges previous research and provides fresh insights into evolution and biomagnetism.
Raw milk consumption has been linked to an average of 5.2 outbreaks per year in the US between 1993 and 2006, with pathogens such as Salmonella and E. coli being common culprits. Pasteurization remains the best way to reduce the risk of contamination, with no scientific evidence supporting the claims of raw milk advocates.
Research finds that depression and anxiety are associated with increased cardiovascular risk, particularly smoking and physical inactivity. A study of over 6,500 participants found that these factors alone accounted for nearly two-thirds of the risk of heart attack and other cardiovascular illnesses.
The number of female cardiologists has nearly doubled over the past decade, yet women still account for less than 20% of all cardiologists. Women face significant challenges, including work-life balance, radiation exposure concerns, and personal roadblocks to career advancement.
A new study by Ohio State University researchers found that African American students who live with white roommates experience a 0.30-point increase in their GPA, compared to those living with same-race roommates. This suggests that interracial roommate relationships can have a positive impact on minority students' academic success.
Researchers discovered a protein that accelerates scar tissue formation after a heart attack, leading to impaired heart function. The finding offers potential for the development of new treatments to prevent this damage.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that a brain enzyme, p70 S6 Kinase 1, plays a key role in regulating feeding behavior and metabolism. Increasing the enzyme's activity reduces food intake and body weight, while lowering it has the opposite effect.
A collaborative effort between Procter & Gamble and the University of Cincinnati has developed a center of expertise in computer simulation. The UC Simulation Center provides P&G with virtual modeling and simulation capacity, saving costs, time, and engineering resources.
A study reveals a link between dysregulation of a common signaling pathway and repetitive behaviors associated with multiple neurological disorders. Deletion of FK506-binding protein is associated with enhanced mTOR signaling, synaptic plasticity, and memory deficits.
The American College of Toxicology partnered with SAGE to publish the International Journal of Toxicology, a peer-reviewed bi-monthly journal covering current research in toxicology. The journal will increase visibility globally and provide access to full-text articles through SAGE Journals Online.
A study found that hospitals with low SSI incidence rates had shorter operations, fewer blood transfusions, and more efficient care delivery. These findings suggest strategies to reduce operation length and blood transfusion rates can complement basic aseptic techniques.
The 2008 financial crisis was a result of excessive risk-taking and lack of regulation, likened to the Tulip Mania of 1636. Experts recommend learning from past mistakes to avoid repeating them.
Frank Morgan has received a three-year NSF grant to research manifolds with density, a generalization of Riemannian manifolds. This work builds on previous summer research and aims to solve isoperimetric problems in probability theory and geometry.
Jeannie Albrecht is heading one of 29 academic/industrial research teams working on prototypes to expand the security, manageability, and versatility of networking systems. The team aims to build a user-friendly experiment control and management framework called Gush to support large-scale network management.
Brent Heeringa's research focuses on three specific problems: optimal algorithms for hierarchical data, dynamic models of information organization, and new models for categorical data. His project aims to create systems where desired information is quick and easy to find.
The NHS must make substantial changes in administration and management structure to effectively manage top-up payments and keep accurate records of patient care. The cost of drugs is not the only cost to the NHS, as patients who purchase drugs and stay in the hospital reduce resources for all remaining patients.
Experts argue that schools and community health services contribute significantly to child maltreatment reporting, highlighting the need for improved recognition and response. The study suggests that policy approaches focusing on supportive interventions may be more effective than those prioritizing protection.
The Lancet Series on Child Maltreatment aims to provide a rigorous summary of scientific evidence to inform policy discussions. The series emphasizes the importance of training, recognition strategies, and evidence-based approaches to safeguard children from abuse.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have developed a new technique to count individual mRNA molecules within single cells, revealing detailed insights into gene expression and regulation. The study found that housekeeping genes are not always expressed at a constant level, but rather exhibit restricted variability.
A new study finds that many college women are unaware of the risk of drug-facilitated sexual assault and fail to recognize certain behaviors. The researchers suggest that education and prevention efforts should focus on debunking rape myths and increasing awareness about self-protection.
A recent study published in Archives of General Psychiatry finds that nearly half of college-aged individuals meet criteria for a psychiatric disorder, including substance abuse and personality disorders, but only one-fourth seek treatment. The study highlights the need for increased detection and treatment of mental health conditions ...
The initiative aims to develop an institution-building relationship between the two universities, focusing on aligning educational and research capacity with national health goals. The project will also test effective teaching, research, and practice strategies, translating research into policy implementation.
A growing body of evidence links low vitamin D levels to common CVD risk factors such as hypertension, obesity and diabetes. Researchers recommend screening and treating vitamin D deficiency in patients with risk factors for heart disease or diabetes.
Multidetector CT cystography successfully detects urinary leaks after prostatectomy with a detection rate of 80.4%, outperforming conventional cystography in accuracy. This non-invasive imaging technique helps clinicians create personalized treatment plans, potentially reducing long-term complications like urinary incontinence.
Researchers found that hospitalist interventions can significantly reduce emergency room crowding, with a 6% decrease in ambulance diversion. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of physician communication through apology laws, which may improve doctor-patient relationships and increase patient satisfaction.
Retinal detachment is a condition that affects about 10,000 Americans each year, putting vision loss or blindness at risk. NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell ophthalmologist Dr. Donald J. D'Amico highlights advanced surgical techniques that offer high probabilities of reattachment and visual improvement.
Researchers discovered glycolaldehyde, a basic sugar molecule, towards a star-forming region where habitable planets may exist. The detection suggests that the production of this key ingredient for life could be common throughout the galaxy.
A study of smokers with attention deficit and hyperactivity symptoms found those with elevated hyperactivity and impulsivity showed lower quit rates compared to those with inattention or no A.D.H.D. symptoms.
Women exposed to hairspray at work during pregnancy have more than double the risk of having a son with hypospadias, according to a new Imperial College London study. Taking folic acid supplements in the first three months of pregnancy may reduce this risk by 36%.
A recent study published in Psychology and Health suggests that attending religious services regularly can reduce the risk of death among post-menopausal women by approximately 20 percent. The researchers found that even after controlling for other factors such as social support and lifestyle choices, the improvements in mortality rate...
A recent survey shows that nearly a quarter of second-generation Turkish and Moroccan immigrants in the Netherlands drop out of school, while others excel in higher education. The survey attributes the discrepancies to factors such as low parental educational levels, inadequate diversity in schools, and language capacity.
A national panel of experts, led by MSU's Suzanne Wilson, outlined ways to improve teacher quality and reduce turnover at low-income schools. The report recommends creating better working conditions, strong leadership, and effective mentoring and professional development to keep teachers in the profession.