Articles tagged with Colleges
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Alfred Kurtz, MD, receives the William J. Fry Memorial Lecture Award for his significant contributions to diagnostic medical ultrasound. Dr. Kurtz has published over 150 peer-reviewed papers and written several books on ultrasound.
Dr. Sihoun Hahn received the 2009-2010 Luminex/ACMGF Award to promote safe and effective genetic testing and services. The award supports research guidelines and recognizes medical geneticists' role in translating genetic research into medical services.
Arno G. Motulsky, a pioneer in medical genetics, was awarded the inaugural ACMG Foundation Lifetime Achievement Award for his outstanding leadership and contributions to the field. The award recognizes his work as a founder of pharmacogenetics and his impact on training generations of geneticists.
A new research study found that satisfaction, organizational commitment, autonomy, opportunities for promotion, and fewer outside job opportunities positively affect new nurse retention. High workload and organizational constraints decreased satisfaction and commitment.
Researchers identify TMEM density as key to predicting distant organ metastasis in breast cancer. The new marker could enable custom-tailored therapies and prevent over- or under-treatment.
A study by University of Virginia professor Robert Tai and Harvard University researcher Philip Sadler found that high school students with weak math backgrounds who engage in self-structured learning practices may perform poorly in college science. In contrast, those with stronger math skills who receive more guidance in their high sc...
Two graduate students, Adam Roddy and Anna Maria Stewart, receive AIBS Emerging Public Policy Leadership Award for their contributions to science and public policy. The award includes a certificate, membership, publications, and opportunities to meet with policymakers.
A recent study suggests that college drinkers who use alcohol for developmental needs beyond socializing, such as boosting self-confidence or coping with personal problems, are more likely to continue high-risk drinking into adulthood. The research identified a subset of students most likely to persist in problem drinking and recommend...
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons reveals a critical shortage of surgeons in Maryland, with rural areas particularly affected. The shortage is expected to worsen over the next decade due to an aging physician population and limited medical education programs.
Researchers found that patients with CAD who achieve very low LDL cholesterol levels (≤ 70 mg/dL) and normal systolic blood pressure (≤ 120 mmHg) experience the slowest progression of coronary disease. This study emphasizes the importance of aggressive control of all risk factors to prevent heart disease.
A new medication called Promacta has shown promising results in treating ITP, with 59% of patients achieving platelet counts at or over 50,000 per microliter of blood. The treatment works by stimulating the production of cells in bone marrow that form platelet cells in the blood.
A new study by Michigan State University found that charter school students are 7-15% more likely to graduate from high school and attend college compared to their traditional public school counterparts. This positive trend suggests improvements in graduation rates for charter schools, but mixed results for test scores and other outcomes.
The 5th annual Templeton-Cambridge Fellowships in Science & Religion were awarded to 10 notable journalists from the US, UK, and Canada. The two-month program includes seminars and discussion groups with prominent experts, aiming to promote informed public discussion of science and religion.
NJIT has received a $20,000 grant from The Horizon Foundation for New Jersey to teach middle and high school students about nutrition, physical fitness, and healthy lifestyles. This program aims to prevent serious, long-term health problems among teenagers in the community.
According to Sheldon H. Jacobson, a University of Illinois professor, a team's seeding is statistically insignificant in predicting their chances of winning in the later rounds of the tournament. Ignoring a team's seeding can lead to more accurate predictions, especially after the Sweet Sixteen round.
The American College of Surgeons has recognized Mayo Clinic's two Minnesota hospitals, Rochester Methodist and Saint Marys, for achieving exemplary outcomes in five clinical areas. These hospitals demonstrated high quality of surgical care through tracking patient outcomes and implementing safety improvements.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine found that genetic differences in a gene called TAP can provide protection against high-grade Cervical Neoplasia, which is a premalignant condition caused by HPV.
Scientists have discovered that the hippocampus works in a structured and predictable way, enabling them to predict where someone is standing within a virtual reality room based on brain activity. The findings offer compelling evidence for mindreading and could potentially decode individual episodic memory traces from human brain imaging.
A study found that almost two-thirds of extremely preterm children require additional support in school by age 11. The research also showed significant differences in reading and math scores, with boys more likely to have impairments than girls.
A new study finds that more than half of African-American teens are vitamin D deficient, with girls at higher risk and overweight teens nearly double their normal-weight counterparts. The researchers highlight the importance of educating the public on vitamin D's benefits and consider national fortification strategies.
A study found that person-centered care and dementia-care mapping reduce agitation in people with dementia, but no significant improvements in quality of life or neuropsychotic symptoms. Person-centered approaches are more cost-effective and can be easily implemented in residential care homes.
Researchers found significant discrepancies between self-reported fatigue and actigraphy readings, suggesting a link between heart failure, sleep disorders, and impairments in health-related quality of life. The study may lead to different approaches to patients suffering from anergia or 'lack of energy'.
A study by Weill Cornell Medical College finds that New York state's health IT initiatives have achieved significant success, with 100% of programs remaining active and functioning after two years. The initiative has improved quality of care, increased efficiency, and reduced medical errors.
A study found that anger and hostility are associated with a higher risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in healthy individuals and poorer outcomes in patients with existing CHD. Management of psychological stressors may be an important strategy for prevention and treatment.
Research found that relatively healthy women with severe depression are at increased risk of cardiac events, including SCD and fatal CHD. Antidepressant use was strongly associated with this risk, particularly Sudden Cardiac Death.
A study of 3,616 college students found that women overestimated the amount of alcohol a typical guy would like his female friends to drink. Women who thought men preferred excessive drinking were more likely to engage in excessive drinking themselves.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College discovered that chloroquine is a highly active inhibitor of infection by Hendra and Nipah viruses. The drug blocks the action of cathepsin L, an enzyme essential for virus growth and maturation.
A recent study by Robert Tai at the University of Virginia found that students who focus on mastering a single topic in-depth tend to outperform those who cover more topics superficially. The research suggests that teaching fewer topics with greater depth is a more effective way to prepare students for success in college science classes.
The new journal, Osteopathic Family Physician, will cover topics such as preventive medicine, managed care, and pain management. It aims to deliver resources that contribute to enhanced patient care and support successful practice management for osteopathic family physicians.
Researchers are developing a computer model to analyze the behavior and customs of political and cultural groups to predict potential conflicts and facilitate peaceful resolution. The model, known as ATRAP, uses three-dimensional maps to identify relationships and affiliations between groups, enabling analysts to compute equilibrium so...
Researchers found that visual information from a person's face and lip movements significantly improves understanding of spoken words, especially in moderately noisy settings. This benefit increases when sound quality rises, allowing people to recognize up to 60% of words correctly.
Researchers identified 49 genes involved in cell-to-cell signalling in the brains of schizophrenia patients compared to controls, supporting the theory that faulty signalling is involved in the disease. The findings could lead to new ways of diagnosing and treating the condition.
A new study found that over 20% of sexual assaults were drug-facilitated, with victims more likely to present in urban centers and have consumed substances before the assault. The study's authors highlight the need for education and public awareness campaigns to combat this issue.
Researchers have detailed the molecular structure of Clostridium difficile's protective 'jacket', a surface layer that helps the pathogen colonize human gut cells and cause illness. Understanding this structure could lead to new treatments, including targeted drugs and vaccines, to combat the deadly superbug.
Researchers have identified a second MND-causing gene, FUS, which links to TDP-43 and sheds light on disease mechanisms. This breakthrough has major implications for diagnosis and treatment, offering new avenues of scientific investigation.
The Einstein consortium will investigate two types of autophagy in liver and brain function under normal and stressful conditions. They aim to understand how impaired autophagy contributes to aging-related declines in organ function, immunity, and cognitive function.
A new study found that women with a longer fertile lifespan, resulting in higher levels of naturally produced estrogen, had a lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease. However, hormone therapy did not offer protection against the disease, and may even have harmful neurological effects.
Yale researchers discover a link between anger and sudden cardiac arrests, which claim 400,000 lives annually. The study found that patients with T-wave alternans, a measure of electrical instability, were more likely to experience arrhythmias after a mental stress test.
Researchers at Oregon State University have identified the gene Ctip2 as controlling tooth enamel production, a significant step towards repairing damaged enamel and preventing cavities. This discovery could lead to new approaches in dental health, including using tooth stem cells to stimulate enamel growth.
A study published by the American College of Cardiology found that changes brought on by anger can predict future arrhythmias in patients with ICDs. Patients who experienced higher levels of anger-induced TWA were more likely to have arrhythmias requiring ICD termination.
A recent Michigan State University study found that women are 30 percent less likely to receive a critical clot-busting drug after a stroke. Women also experience longer emergency room delays and poorer quality of care compared to men, despite being more than 60% of all stroke deaths.
A new study reveals that people at high risk of stroke are less aware of the five warning signs, including sudden weakness, vision disturbance, and confusion. Researchers found significant disparities in knowledge among different demographics, highlighting the need for targeted educational campaigns.
A new study reveals how pterosaurs used balloon-like air sacs to facilitate sustained activity and enable the evolution of large flying vertebrates. The system reduced bone density, addressing a major challenge in sustaining flight in large-bodied pterosaurs.
A new HIV rapid test is being developed with a potential cost of $2, aiming to measure CD4+ T-cells in a person's blood without electronics or mechanical parts. The test would enable patients to find out if they need antiretroviral therapy within minutes.
A study analyzing 240 hospital documents found they have an average readability level of a college junior, exceeding the reading capacity of most patients. The use of complex language in Patients' Bill of Rights laws may be obstructing progress towards patient autonomy.
A new study published in JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions found significant improvement in migraines following catheter-based closure of patent foramen ovale. Patients with severe migraine, large PFO, and silent brain lesions showed greater numbers of patients who had cessation of migraine attacks and over 50% reduction in migraine a...
A Michigan State University researcher argues that the US is well ahead of the world in scientific literacy due to its general education requirements. These requirements make Americans more open-minded about innovations and allow for a broader understanding of science in other disciplines such as law. Despite this, most adults lack suf...
Researchers found that one-year survival of elderly patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention was comparable to younger patients. Data suggest age alone should not prevent more aggressive care in these patients.
Trinity College Dublin scientists have developed a more efficient system for detecting viruses, which uses micro-sized cantilevers to directly detect viruses binding to membrane proteins. This technology has the potential to enable portable diagnostic devices and specific blood tests.
The Iowa students' innovative device can sanitize water for a mere $5, making it an accessible solution for developing countries. The project has already received a US EPA first-place award and plans to expand its reach globally.
Scientists at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have found that linker histone H1 is necessary for holding together pericentric heterochromatin, a region close to the center of chromosomes. H1 also regulates the expression of genes within this region. The study uses fruit fly larvae to examine H1's role in gene regulation.
Fourteen colleges awarded Merck/AAAS Undergraduate Science Research Program grants to support interdisciplinary biology and chemistry research. Since 1994, the program has supported over 2,000 undergraduates in more than 200 institutions.
Researchers at the Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center have discovered a mechanism to limit graft-versus-host disease in bone marrow transplant patients while preserving their leukemia-killing effects. Targeting interleukin 23, an immune substance secreted by donor marrow cells, may be a viable way to achieve this balance.
Sylvia T. Bozeman, a professor at Spelman College, has been awarded the 2008 AAAS Mentor Award for her commitment to mentoring underrepresented students in mathematics. Since becoming chair of the mathematics department, 20 graduates have received doctoral degrees in mathematics or math education.
Dr. Wenbo Zhi, a postdoctoral fellow at the Medical College of Georgia, has received a two-year fellowship to study biomarkers associated with type 1 diabetes. He aims to identify protein biomarkers that can improve diagnosis and treatment using proteomic techniques.
A large study of postmenopausal women found no evidence that multivitamins reduce the risk of common cancers or cardiovascular disease. Researchers analyzed data from 161,808 women and found no association between multivitamin use and breast, colorectal, endometrial, kidney, bladder, stomach, ovary, or lung cancer.
A new laser-based technique has unraveled some of the inner workings of photosynthesis by capturing instantaneous images of energy transport between electrons in molecules. This allows scientists to gain a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms involved, which is crucial for harnessing this process as an alternative energy source.
LSU engineers have developed a model forecasting chemical contaminants in Katrina-flooded homes, including aerosols and gases that can cause serious health risks through inhalation. The study's findings could be applied to future flooding events, helping prepare first responders for increased exposure risks.
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges and Royal Colleges call on the UK government to strengthen the country's clinical research base, enabling patients to access life-enhancing treatments. The consensus statement emphasizes the need for stronger partnerships between industry, academia, and the NHS.
A retrospective study of 235,473 patients found that traditional open appendectomies may be preferable to laparoscopic surgeries due to higher costs and increased risks. The study suggests that the benefits of laparoscopic surgery are limited in most cases, contradicting recent trends.