Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Linda Lu, a college student from Orlando, underwent a rare complete hand transplant at Emory University Hospital. The 19-hour surgery connected numerous structures including bones, tendons, nerves, and vessels to improve her quality of life.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University detected tiny amounts of Iodine 131 from Japan in Cleveland rainwater, with levels estimated as one-tenth that of natural background radiation. The isotope was found in rainwater collected on a campus roof and is being seen worldwide
A study by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution scientists highlights the complex interaction between glacier ice, freshwater runoff, and warm ocean waters. The team found that warm waters at the base of Helheim Glacier influence glacier flow speed and melting rates.
Research by the University of California - San Diego team discovered that icebergs cool and dilute ocean water, affecting phytoplankton distribution and carbon dioxide absorption. The findings suggest enhanced phytoplankton growth would increase carbon dioxide removal from the ocean.
Scientists have discovered that smells are processed by the olfactory bulb and cortex through a dialogue of rapidly firing nerve cells. This new understanding expands our knowledge of the complex process of smell detection and how it filters and categorizes odors.
Researchers found that individuals with a better understanding of their friends' personality triggers had stronger, less conflict-ridden relationships. This knowledge was crucial for navigating social situations and avoiding frustration in friendships.
A two-year energy audit by McMaster University identified significant energy conservation measures that could save Hamilton schools almost $2.4 million annually. The audit found opportunities to install advanced heat recovery systems, boilers, solar, and wind generating systems.
Shannon Fortin, a University of Arizona graduate student at TGen, has been awarded the $7,000 Achievement Rewards for College Scientists scholarship. This award will enable her to pursue two simultaneous post-graduate degrees while continuing her research on glioblastoma multiforme, the most malignant form of brain cancer.
The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) has awarded 27 undergraduate students with the AACR-Thomas J. Bardos Science Education Award, recognizing their dedication to advancing cancer research. The award aims to inspire science students at the undergraduate level to pursue careers in cancer research.
A first-of-its-kind study by researchers at the University at Buffalo found that problem gambling is considerably more common among U.S. adults than alcohol dependence after age 21, with significant gender and socioeconomic differences in frequency and prevalence.
Researchers at Rice University have created a synthetic material that gets stronger from repeated stress much like the body strengthens bones and muscles after repeated workouts. The team found that dynamic stress is necessary to improve the stiffness of the composite, unlike static loads.
A recent study by Penn State researchers found that sign language users can process both English words and American Sign Language (ASL) signs concurrently. When word pairs were matched with similar signs, reaction times were faster and accuracy rates improved compared to control group bilingual speakers.
Marine biologists from the University of Miami have created a probabilistic survey approach to count reef fish, increasing efficiency and accuracy. This framework can support long-term sustainability of reef resources globally, informing management decisions for coral reefs in various regions.
Researchers will recruit 450 people age 70 and older for a five-year study to identify cognitive factors that influence mobility. The study aims to reveal specific abilities and brain structures that correlate with mobility problems, with the goal of preventing mobility decline and disability.
A study found that horticulture students prefer finding the right answer over developing a strategy, but still value problem-solving as an important skill. The researchers developed an online learning platform, PSLP, which improved student engagement and understanding of ill-structured problems.
A new study provides a new tool to monitor coral reef vital signs, allowing scientists to assess the impacts of climate change and other threats on coral reef health. By measuring biological productivity, researchers can better understand the balance between coral production and consumption rates.
Researchers at Scripps Institution of Oceanography found evidence of ancient 'hyperthermals' - sudden global warming events that occurred tens of thousands of years ago, with impacts on marine life and ocean circulation.
Physicists at the University of Miami developed a mathematical model to describe the timing of price changes in the Foreign Exchange market. The study reveals patterns of synchronicity among currency pairs, which increases with increased activity.
Research suggests that over half of patients with benign prostate enlargement may have Obstructive Sleep Apnea, leading to night awakenings and urination. This study highlights the importance of considering sleep disorders in diagnosing nocturia, a common symptom of BPE.
The US Play Coalition has awarded grants to three researchers to study the value of play for children's health and well-being. The projects will explore topics such as recess, unstructured play, and playground design to understand their impact on children's physical activity and cognitive development.
Peter Mumby is recognized for his work on coral reef conservation strategies, influencing conservation policy and contributing to the implementation of marine park protections. His research has provided insight into the consequences of conserving herbivorous fishes, reducing nutrient runoff, and restoring urchin populations.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem will digitize its Albert Einstein Archives with a $500,000 grant from the Polonsky Foundation. The project aims to preserve over 80,000 documents and make them accessible online.
A new multi-species comparison of primate aging patterns reveals that chimps, gorillas, and other primates grow old gracefully like humans. The study confirms a mortality gap between males and females, with males dying sooner than females in most species.
Researchers found that adult brothers and sisters frequently live together in hunter-gatherer societies, promoting interaction among residential groups. This unique social structure may explain why humans evolved an emphasis on social learning and cultural transmission.
The FASEB MARC Program has awarded 132 travel grants totaling $216,650 to support underrepresented minority students and scientists at the Experimental Biology 2011 meeting. This year's award recipients include students from various universities across the US, promoting diversity in biomedical research.
Research using fMRI scans found that brain activity in areas responsible for emotional regulation increased significantly between ages 10 and 13, allowing children to better resist peer influence. This study provides insight into the brain's wiring during adolescence and may lay the foundation for future studies with clinical relevance.
Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine researchers have identified a new biomarker for sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), a degenerative brain disease with no cure. The biomarker, transferrin, shows promise in early diagnosis and potential therapy development.
The University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences has partnered with several institutions to receive a $9.6 million grant from USAID to increase agricultural production and food security in northern India.
A study by University of Nevada, Reno researchers finds that underemployment is a complex phenomenon with broad effects on individuals, organizations, and society. The study identifies eight dimensions of underemployment, affecting up to one in three employees, with difficult situations like the recession leading to its occurrence.
Researchers found that text messaging is at least as effective as handheld devices in measuring smoking urges and resisting cravings, with tailored interventions tailored to individuals' response-inhibition capacities. The study also identified key brain regions involved in response inhibition.
The University of Michigan Health System has received a major grant to expand its Project Healthy Schools program, which focuses on reducing childhood obesity and promoting heart-healthy lifestyles among sixth-grade students. The program aims to create environments that encourage physical activity and healthy eating habits.
Research at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that elderly drivers are less likely to detect pedestrians on sidewalks and react in time. They attempt to cope with hazards by reducing speed, but may still be vulnerable to accidents. The study's findings highlight the need for increased awareness among elderly drivers.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have identified a novel mechanism for controlling gene expression, which is evolutionarily conserved in humans. This process, called transcriptional attenuation, involves the blocking of premature termination complexes to allow genes to be expressed under certain stress conditions.
A study by McMaster University found that people use voice pitch as a warning sign of future betrayal. Women are drawn to men with lower pitches, while men are attracted to women with higher pitches. This evolutionary mechanism helps protect individuals from infidelity and its associated costs.
A team of researchers has uncovered numerous artifacts on California's Channel Islands, revealing a diversified sea-based economy among North American inhabitants from 12,200 to 11,400 years ago. The discoveries include stemmed projectile points and crescents associated with shellfish, seals, and other marine animals.
A new study by University of Calgary researchers shows that human activity displaces predators more than prey in the food chain. By limiting human use of roads and trails to less than 18 people a day, the negative impact on wildlife food webs can be reduced.
A new study from Purdue University found that weight discrimination has a direct impact on the physical health of obese individuals, contributing to stress and declining functional abilities. Around 33% of severely obese people in the US report facing discriminatory experiences, which internalize prejudice and stigma.
Researchers at UCI have found a second form of phototransduction light sensing derived from vitamin B2, which challenges the long-held understanding of this process. This discovery may reveal new information about cellular processes controlled by light and has implications for optogenetics.
A survey of college students at two universities found that more students were uncomfortable with concealed weapons on campus than those who supported it. The study, conducted by Sam Houston State University, found significant differences in opinions between students' comfort levels with guns on campus versus the wider community.
A study by North Carolina State University found that superficial similarities between training participants and helper agents enhance performance. Participants reported better engagement and focus when the helper's communication style matched their own, leading to improved learning outcomes.
A UCLA study found that body language is more likely to be judged as masculine when it conveys anger and as feminine when it conveys sadness during baseball tosses. Researchers used technology to disguise the actors' sex and presented videos to observers, who made judgments about their emotions and gender.
A longitudinal study identifies six different pathways to adulthood among Finnish university students, shaped by career, partnership, and parenthood transitions. The study reveals that young adults with fast or on-time achievement of age-graded developmental tasks experience higher life satisfaction.
A Duke University engineer's theory predicts that dominant teams in March Madness and top-ranked universities share similar hierarchies. The constructal law explains how these systems evolve to minimize imperfections and optimize performance.
Mental health responders to the Continental Flight 3407 disaster share key successes and areas for improvement in disaster response planning. Clear relationships among responders, long-lasting mental health referrals, and efficient communication are highlighted as critical components of effective emergency preparedness.
A 18-year longitudinal study found that students' social optimism during university studies correlates with high work engagement, dedication, and career commitment. Social withdrawal and avoidance are linked to increased risk of burnout.
A study led by University of Miami scientists successfully tracked a great hammerhead shark for 62 days, revealing its northeast journey from South Florida to the Atlantic Ocean. The shark's movement provides new insight into its migratory patterns and habitat use, shedding light on conservation efforts.
A recent study by George Mason University psychology professor Todd Kashdan found that mindfulness can neutralize fears of dying and death. Mindful people showed less defensiveness toward others who didn't share their worldview, and were more diplomatic and tolerant when confronted with death-related thoughts.
A study led by Brown University researcher Eric Loucks found a significant correlation between advanced education and lower blood pressure in both men and women. Women who completed 17 years of schooling or more had systolic blood pressure readings that were on average 3.26 mmHg lower than those who did not finish high school.
Four Penn State faculty have been selected to participate in collaborative projects with international partners on various topics, including ocean acidification, earth surface sedimentary flow processes, climate change adaptation, and public health. The partnerships aim to address global issues and promote interdisciplinary research.
The European Space Agency has approved a £400 million mission to study extra-solar planets, led by UCL, to look for signs of life in nearby star systems. The Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory (EChO) will use a 1.2 meter telescope to analyze the atmospheres of habitable planets and search for biomarkers.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo have developed nanomembranes with pores of up to 55 nanometers in diameter, large enough for water to pass through but too small for bacteria. This breakthrough could lead to cost and time savings in water filtration.
A study by McGill University Health Centre researchers highlights the need for a comprehensive electronic health record system to improve chronic disease management and timely access to care. The authors suggest that more work is needed to address implementation challenges and ensure successful adoption of e-health technologies.
Scientists have developed a mouse with individual genes knocked out only in Natural Killer (NK) cells, allowing them to study the functions of these immune cells in intact organisms. The study reveals that NK cells are essential for the correct development and survival of these cells.
A George Mason University study reveals that 'Climategate' led to skepticism among US TV meteorologists about global warming, with men and conservatives more likely to doubt its existence. The poll found that nearly all respondents followed the story, but many became skeptical of climate science as a result.
The Association for Gerontology in Higher Education has elected new officers, including Janet Frank as President-Elect and Kathryn Hyer as Treasurer. The organization also recognized several individuals with awards for their outstanding contributions to gerontological education, including Edward F. Ansello with the Clark Tibbitts Award...
Researchers study Ohio STEM Learning Network's implementation, spread, and sustainability to understand how networks produce gains and apply innovative approaches to education. The study aims to identify effective components of networking needed to establish STEM schools and explore how these innovations are translated locally.
A review of Harvey Cushing's notes from the early 20th century has uncovered copious documentation of his own surgical mishaps and suggestions for preventing them. This open acknowledgment of errors may have contributed to groundbreaking medical advancements during Cushing's era, with similar benefits possible today.
The genome sequencing of Aureococcus anophagefferens reveals its unique advantages over other phytoplankton, including adaptations to low light conditions and toxic metal handling. The research provides insights into the genetic predisposition of this species to thrive in environmentally impacted estuaries.
Researchers at VIB and Ghent University have developed a new tuberculosis vaccine that affords better protection against the disease by triggering an immune reaction in the body. The new vaccine works differently from existing vaccines and acquires its extra protective value by emitting signals that provoke inflammation.
A double-blind study found that high-caffeine consuming boys experience a greater rush and more energy from caffeine compared to girls. The study also revealed differences in response to caffeine between genders, including increased blood pressure and heart rate in males.