Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new study found that calorie restriction, reducing daily intake by 300-500 calories, can lower levels of thyroid hormone T3 in humans. This decrease may slow metabolism and tissue aging. The researchers suggest this strategy could be a promising approach to slowing the aging process.
A new pilot study has shown that a self-administered, at-home cognitive behavioral program can relieve IBS symptoms comparable to office-based therapy. The findings are significant because there are no reliable medicines available to treat the full range of IBS symptoms.
A recent study by Dr. Rima Rozen at the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre shows how minor genetic differences between individuals alter the effect of a common medication, Methotrexate. The research found that mice with an altered MTHFR gene had significantly less hemoglobin and red blood cells after treatment.
Boron-nitrogen compounds have been structurally characterized and found to possess electron-delocalized structures consistent with aromaticity. This discovery has significant implications for biomedical research and materials science.
A new study predicts a shortage of primary care physicians in the US, with an expected increase of 29% in doctor visits and less than 5% in supply by 2025. The researchers call for incentives to increase numbers of primary care practitioners and development of new models of primary care.
A study by Michigan Technological University researchers found that installing proper latrines can significantly improve sanitation conditions in Africa. The findings also highlight the importance of handwashing habits in preventing diseases such as dysentery.
Researchers found an 86% increase in non-serious adverse events among patients treated with cannabinoids, mainly affecting the nervous system. Cannabinoids are used to treat chronic pain and stimulate appetite, but physicians must weigh benefits against possible side effects.
Researchers are using single-person submersibles to collect samples from a lake in BC that may hold vital clues to the history of life on Earth. The dives aim to develop a baseline understanding of life on our planet, with potential applications for future Mars missions.
Researchers discovered misfolded proteins TDP-43 accumulate throughout the brain of ALS patients, indicating broader neurological effects. The findings suggest new therapies for ALS should target molecular targets beyond just motor neurons.
Two Montana State University graduate students, David Hoffman and Amin Nehrir, have been awarded prestigious $30,000 NASA fellowships for their research on lidar technology. They will work with top scientists at NASA's Langley Research Center, developing instruments to study the climate and atmospheric science.
A partial dinosaur skeleton discovered in British Columbia's Skeena mountain range is the first found in Canadian mountains and may represent a new species. The fossils are about 70 million years old and display unique characteristics, including an arm bone never seen before.
Researchers found that older adults' brains show increased activity in regions involved in emotion control, allowing them to regulate emotions better than younger counterparts. This 'positivity bias' helps seniors cope with emotionally challenging situations.
A two-year-old mud volcano in Indonesia was triggered by drilling operations, according to a detailed scientific analysis published this week. The study disproves the theory that an earthquake was responsible for the eruption.
New research explores the evolutionary origins of the brain, shedding light on how complex synapse structures drove brain evolution. The study finds that sophisticated molecular processing of nerve impulses was key to developing animals with more complex behaviors.
Research from McMaster University found that brief, high-intensity sprints improve blood vessel function and structure, similar to traditional long-duration exercise. The study suggests that short bursts of intense exercise can reap the same cardiovascular benefits as longer workouts.
Researchers have determined the masses of the coldest class of brown dwarfs for the first time outside the solar system. The team used ultrasharp images from the Keck Telescope and Hubble Space Telescope to measure the sizes and durations of binary systems, revealing two new brown dwarf binaries with masses as low as 6% of the sun's mass.
Researchers found that individuals who chose not to express thoughts and emotions about traumatic events reported fewer diagnosed physical and mental disorders over time. The study suggests that a universal approach to trauma counseling may be unwarranted and could result in misappropriation of resources.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine finds that a risk-based approach to labor induction can lead to healthier newborns and better birth outcomes for mothers. The Active Management of Risk in Pregnancy at Term (AMOR-IPAT) method reduces NICU admissions, cesarean rates, and mean Adverse Outcome Index scores.
A new study found that people who choose not to express their thoughts and feelings after experiencing a collective trauma, such as a school shooting or terrorist attack, may be better off than those who do talk about their feelings. The research suggests that it's okay to keep emotions inside in the immediate aftermath of a tragedy.
Researchers at Indiana University have made a significant discovery linking cognitive function to postural stability in elderly individuals. The study found that a brief questionnaire can effectively identify those at risk of falls, allowing for early intervention and prevention. Additionally, the team is exploring stretches and exerci...
Researchers at Kew Gardens are testing a sensor device that gathers crucial data on air temperature, humidity, and soil moisture to help farmers in Africa make informed decisions about planting and harvesting. The device aims to optimize crop yields, reduce waste, and improve food security for local communities.
Researchers found an avian malaria parasite in a Spotted Owl from Oregon, sparking concerns about the bird's immune health and conservation status. The study highlights the need for further research into blood-borne pathogens in wild bird populations.
A recent study published in Aggressive Behavior found that high school girls who perceive themselves as attractive have a 35% increased chance of being indirectly victimized. Older teens who are sexually active also face a higher risk, with a 35% increased likelihood of being bullied.
New research from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine reveals drug-eluting stents outperform bare metal stents in reducing mortality and need for future cardiac procedures. The study found that patients with drug-coated stents saved an average of $1,350 worth of follow-up care during the year.
Researchers at McMaster University have developed an eye-tracking technology that can detect autism in babies as young as nine months old. This tool distinguishes between siblings with autism and those without at this early age, offering a faster and more objective diagnostic process.
Case Western Reserve University astronomers have upgraded their telescope to detect intracluster light, a type of starlight formed during galaxy collisions. The new camera system allows them to measure the color of these stars, which can indicate the age of the Virgo cluster.
Monitoring treatment adherence to AIDS therapy can predict risk of disease progression without blood tests. A simple blood-free method uses pharmacy prescription refill claims to track patient adherence, showing it's a better predictor than CD4 cell counts at 6 and 12 months.
A study found that college students often drink to excess on their 21st birthdays, with 34% of men and 24% of women consuming 21 drinks or more. The researchers estimated blood alcohol content, finding that 49% of men and 35% of women had levels indicating severe intoxication.
Dr. Kristina M. Johnson, an IEEE Fellow and electrical engineer, received the John Fritz Medal for her internationally acknowledged expertise in optics and optoelectronic switching technology. She was also recognized for increasing women engineering faculty at Duke University.
Research finds that most ethnic minority teens avoid ethnically-oriented crowds in high school, despite potential benefits for identity and pride. However, certain factors such as friendship groups, socioeconomic status, and experiences with discrimination can lead to association with these crowds.
Scientists at the University of Chicago have explained the physics governing how thin materials transition from wrinkles to folds under compression. The study's findings have implications for the design of foldable electronics and the production of synthetic lung surfactant for therapeutic uses, with potential applications in both fields.
Jay Steele, a Ph.D. student in computer graphics at Clemson University, has received the NVIDIA Fellowship Program award for his research on Lattice-Boltzmann computational modeling methods and GPU acceleration. The $25,000 award recognizes his work on realistic lighting and rendering of virtual scenes.
A new study suggests that government-backed pay-for-performance programs may widen disparities in healthcare quality between rich and poor hospitals. Safety-net hospitals face smaller performance gains and are more likely to be financially penalized, which can damage their reputation and limit quality improvements.
Girls were harassed more frequently than boys, but both sexes suffered negative effects from a school climate that tolerates girl's harassment. The study found a link between the climate and feelings of safety, withdrawal from school, and lowered self-esteem in both girls and boys.
A major study found that beta-blockers like metoprolol may increase the risk of death and major stroke in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. The POISE trial showed that while metoprolol reduces heart attack risk, it increases stroke and death risk, highlighting the need for caution in its use around surgery time.
A study funded by the Economic & Social Research Council found that students perceive mathematicians as old, white, middle-class men with no social life. The research suggests using popular culture to promote a more positive view of maths.
The American Society of Hematology has selected 15 minority medical students for its 2008 Minority Medical Student Award Program. The program provides research mentorship, career development support, and travel stipends to attend medical meetings.
Researchers create reproducible and controlled fabrication method for integrating nanowire photonic and electronic integrated circuits onto silicon, enabling standard manufacturing settings.
A recent study reveals that approximately 2.1% of US youth aged 14-21 exhibit problem gambling behaviors, projecting to around 750,000 young problem gamblers nationwide. The study also found significant correlations between increased gambling involvement and transitioning into adulthood.
A study by Virginia Commonwealth University researchers found that approximately 43% of college students have smoked tobacco using a waterpipe in the past year. Waterpipe smoking is perceived as less harmful than cigarette smoking, but exposes users to similar toxins and nicotine.
Junior at University of Miami double majoring in Meteorology and Applied Mathematics wins prestigious SOARS mentorship. He will conduct original research on improving weather forecasting and present his findings at a colloquium.
The Gerontological Society of America has awarded Hartford Doctoral Fellowships to four PhD students researching aging and social work topics, including cognitive function, diabetes health disparities, late life depressed mood, and stress-coping models. The fellowships support dissertation research over two years with $50,000 grants pl...
The UM Rosenstiel School students' innovative sustainable aquaculture concept, focusing on producing and selling valuable bait fish, has been recognized as a top prize winner. The students took home $8,000 for their project, which aims to promote environmentally friendly fishing practices.
A study by UC Irvine researchers found that a majority of participants did not realize their treatment preferences had changed over time, leading to false memories. The study highlights the need for ongoing dialogue among individuals, families, and physicians about end-of-life treatment options.
Medical schools from across the US attend Indiana University's Immersion III, a conference focused on enhancing professional culture and promoting compassionate education. The event provides a 'living laboratory' for participating institutions to explore approaches to changing their own cultures.
Researchers at Purdue University found that discrete skills like typing are controlled differently than continuous skills like scribbling. This discovery could have implications for physical therapy and humanoid robotics.
A USC Marshall study finds that associating a new product with rivals helps create new markets in the minds of journalists and audiences. By dignifying competition, firms can get more attention and boost consumer demand.
A University of Minnesota study found that paying for answers on Q&A sites like Google Answers yields higher-quality responses. The study, which examined 126 questions across various sites, revealed that low fees can match or even surpass the quality of paid services.
The Protein Data Bank has reached a significant milestone with its 50,000th molecule structure archived. The archive now contains vital information for pharmacology, bioinformatics, and education.
Researchers have found two more mutations in the TDP-43 gene that could become candidates for drug targets, providing direct evidence of its role in ALS and FTD. The study also suggests potential implications beyond these diseases.
The American Association for Dental Research (AADR) presented numerous prestigious awards and recognitions to distinguished scientists, researchers, and students in oral health research. The AADR Distinguished Scientist Award was presented to Kenneth M. Yamada, while the Jack Hein Public Service Award went to Joan Steen Wilentz.
Scientists identified the MMADHC gene responsible for a rare genetic disorder, isolated and combined homocystinuria and methylmalonic aciduria. The research provides clues to how vitamin B12 works in the body and offers earlier diagnosis and treatment options for the serious disease.
A new study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that automated external defibrillators (AEDs) placed in homes do not significantly improve survival odds for patients who experience cardiac arrests outside of hospitals. Instead, education and modification of risk factors are key to primary prevention of heart disease.
A study by McMaster University finds that most errors are repeated due to the act of making a mistake constituting learning. Testing 30 students, researchers found that those who spent longer time trying to retrieve words were more likely to repeat the same error state.
A global study found that telmisartan is as effective as ramipril in reducing cardiovascular death, with fewer side effects such as coughing and swelling. The medication offers clinicians and patients a better alternative for managing high blood pressure.
A study from UC Irvine suggests that epilepsy is associated with an abundance of neuron 'hubs' in the brain, which can lead to seizures. These hub networks promote the onset of seizure activity by amplifying brain signals.
A University of Houston report found that students in a 'hybrid class' incorporating instructional technology scored higher on average, with minimal interaction between instructor and professor. Students preferred the self-paced nature of the hybrid class, which also reduced space management issues for large campuses.
The Tibetan Plateau's rise is now believed to have occurred in stages, with the central part uplifting first at least 40 million years ago. This finding has significant implications for understanding major episodes of global climate change.
A study by Case Western Reserve University psychologist found that skills play a significant role in winning at poker, rather than luck. The research involved college students playing multiple rounds of Turbo Texas Hold'em, with those given strategies performing better and improving their games.
A study found that hyperactive girls are more likely to experience serious adjustment problems in adulthood, including smoking, poor job performance, and abusive relationships. The research suggests that early intervention programs targeting hyperactivity in elementary school may be crucial in preventing these issues.