Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at the University of Rochester have discovered a second depth-perception method in the brain, combining visual cues with motion and perspective to create a representation of three-dimensional space. This new mechanism may help restore binocular vision in children with misaligned eyes and improve virtual reality experiences.
Researchers found that combining propofol and remifentanil with patient-controlled administration provides optimal pain relief while reducing staffing costs. This approach could help patients recover quicker and reduce healthcare expenses.
Researchers found that MPA decreased endothelial function in premenopausal women, raising questions about long-term effects on cardiovascular health. The study suggests that exposure to synthetic hormones may reduce blood vessel flexibility, potentially leading to heart disease.
Researchers found that low maternal education is a key indicator for increased risk of mental retardation in the general population. The study also showed that extremely low birth weight infants and women with an education below the high school level are at higher risk of intellectual disability.
Researchers found that intensive 60-minute daily intervention sessions improved oral reading fluency and national norm scores for at-risk first-graders in Oregon. In contrast, Texas students receiving a 30-minute daily intervention showed significant growth in fluency as well.
A study found that drinking in these settings increases aggression, especially for women, and that attending parties can also increase aggression. The researchers suggest that prevention programs focusing on preparing women for the risks associated with drinking at parties might help reduce their likelihood of experiencing aggression.
Researchers found that body movements reflect confidence in learning tasks using the Wiiimote, suggesting a link between cognition and action. The study provides new evidence for the deep interconnection between mental processing and bodily movement.
A survey of 305 college students found that 40% of cell phone users said they walked alone at night after dark. Women reported feeling safer with their phones, leading to increased willingness to take risks.
A study found that restricting children's video time by using a device reduced their BMI significantly over two years. The intervention group showed a steady decline in BMI, while the control group showed an increase followed by a decline.
The BioBlower technology has passed US Department of Defense tests and has been directed to retrofit military platforms with the system. The device destroys airborne pathogens by rapidly heating and compressing contaminated air, providing a more efficient and effective solution than conventional HEPA filters.
Australian yabbies possess a remarkable capacity for facial recognition, studying found that they can identify and distinguish between individuals. This ability is comparable to that of humans and some vertebrates, but rare in invertebrate species.
Researchers analyzed genetic sequences of influenza A H5N1 virus to understand its migration patterns. The study showed that certain provinces in southern China and neighboring countries shared evolutionary history with the virus.
Thompson and Mosley-Thompson's work on ice cores provides comprehensive records of climate change over centuries, vital for forecasting future changes. Their efforts have garnered over 200 academic publications and led more than 60 expeditions to remote sites across five continents.
A recent study documents various stigmatizing behaviors by health-care personnel towards HIV-positive patients, including lack of eye contact, disdainful voice tone, and providing substandard care. The study highlights the need for all health-care personnel to be mindful of their actions to prevent misunderstandings and hard feelings.
A University of Oregon research fellow reports significant educational benefits in preschool-aged children from low socioeconomic backgrounds after an eight-week parental intervention program. The program improved children's language-acquisition skills, memory, and cognitive abilities, while reducing family stress.
University of Florida engineering students develop an airbrush technique for producing microelectrodes, offering a cheaper and quicker alternative to traditional screen printing methods. This innovation has the potential to support various applications in consumer, research, and medical products.
Fourteen US colleges have won the Merck/AAAS Undergraduate Science Research Program, receiving up to $60,000 in funding. The program supports research collaborations and stipends for undergraduate students
Carlos Castillo Chavez has been honored by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for his efforts to help underrepresented students earn doctoral degrees in the sciences. Through his summer research program, he has mentored numerous Hispanic Americans and Native Americans to graduate programs.
The Great Ape Trust of Iowa has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Universitas Nasional in Jakarta, Indonesia, to enhance academic cooperation and conserve Sumatran orangutans. The partnership will provide opportunities for students from around the world to study rapidly disappearing orangutans in the wild.
A study found that young women who increased their drinking during the high school-to-college transition were more likely to experience physical and sexual victimization. The majority of freshmen women did not experience any victimization, but those who drank alcohol had substantially higher rates of physical and sexual assault.
Researchers found that people feeling sad spend more money to acquire the same commodities as those in a neutral emotional state. This is because sadness and self-focus cause one to devalue possessions and increase willingness to pay for new material goods to enhance sense of self.
A new study reveals that girls' close friendships with peers who excel academically lead to increased participation in higher-level math classes. Social factors play a more significant role in girls' decisions about math coursework than for boys.
A new technique for treating patients with myocardial infarction uses a thrombectomy procedure to remove blockages and improve blood flow. This approach has shown promise in reducing the risk of further obstructions and improving clinical outcomes.
A team of researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has identified an important molecular mechanism guiding nerve-cell electrical channels. The discovery suggests that RNA-associated introns play a critical role in regulating gene expression and controlling the number of channel proteins produced.
The US Senate Special Committee on Aging heard a call to develop mobile polling to improve access to voting for older Americans, who face significant barriers due to geographical distances and lack of transportation. Dr. Jason Karlawish recommends using mobile polling to encourage registrations and assist with voting at long-term care ...
Patients who receive perioperative epidural analgesia have improved lung function, reduced risk of pneumonia, and primed for earlier discharge. African Americans are less likely to accept epidurals due to race and socio-economic factors, despite the risks of chronic pain.
A RAND study reveals California's basic tracking system architecture allows for close student progress follow-up but faces political and financial barriers. Implementing a comprehensive student unit record data system could improve policies and enhance student outcomes.
Researchers at McMaster University found that exposure to nicotine in the womb impairs a baby's ability to respond to oxygen deprivation after birth. This impairment can lead to an increased risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS).
The Baffin Island ice caps have shrunk by more than 50 percent in the last half century due to warming. The study found that these ice caps will be gone in 50 years or less if no additional warming occurs.
The Institute of International Education's Andrew Heiskell Award recognizes Rice's NanoJapan program, which merges study abroad and undergraduate research experiences in nanotechnology. The program has been successful in connecting engineering students with international research and cultural immersion.
Researchers Rick Dale and Michael Spivey discovered a cognitive bias where people tend to favor true statements, even in the face of ambiguity. Arm movement data showed participants' bodies moved more towards 'no' responses, indicating a general bias toward assuming statements are true.
The Pope has expressed support for scientific theories such as evolution and climate change, with the Vatican sponsoring a conference on climate change in 2006. However, he has not altered the church's opposition to using condoms to prevent HIV transmission or supporting abortion rights. In contrast, some progressive Catholics and cler...
A new study challenges the assumption that all measures of well-being go up as happiness increases, finding that moderately happy individuals may outperform those who are extremely happy in some areas of life. Happiness generally correlates with positive measures such as success in money, employment and relationships, but overly high l...
A new study by UC Irvine and NASA scientists has found that Antarctic ice loss increased by 75% in the last 10 years due to accelerated glacier flow. The team mapped patterns of ice loss on a glacier-by-glacier basis and detected a sharp jump in Antarctica's ice loss, now nearly as great as that observed in Greenland.
The University of Utah will receive advanced software for energy research and development with the $21.2 million grant. This technology will aid in finding oil and gas resources more efficiently and help students learn cutting-edge skills.
Researchers have discovered more than 25 genetic variants associated with lipid levels, including seven previously unknown genes. These variants may lead to new strategies for treating and preventing coronary artery disease.
The three publishers will collaborate on a five-year project to publish ethnomusicology scholarship and make emerging research more accessible. They will develop digital formats for monographs and fieldwork materials, and offer enhanced online access to scholars.
The Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) site at Stevens Institute of Technology has been renewed with a three-year, $305,000 grant from the National Science Foundation. The project focuses on increasing spectrum utilization in wireless networks for both military and commercial applications.
The American Mathematical Society awarded prizes in various categories including lifetime achievement, seminal contributions, mathematical exposition, and outstanding research by an undergraduate student. Notable winners include George Lusztig, Endre Szemerédi, Neil Trudinger, Alberto Bressan, and Hiroshi Ooguri.
A randomized trial found that telephone mentoring from trained peer coaches increased the likelihood of keeping a first colonoscopy appointment by two times. Patients with peer support were more likely to be insured and have better primary care adherence, and nearly 70% kept their appointments.
45% of Chicago internists report using placebos in clinical practice, viewing them as therapeutic tools with psychological and physiological benefits. The study highlights the need for recognition and discussion about placebo use and its implications.
Naumann co-authored paper 'Modular Verification of Higher-Order Methods with Mandatory Calls Specified by Model Programs' recognized for its precise and modular technique for specifying callbacks in object-oriented software frameworks. The 22nd annual OOPSLA Conference, held in Montreal, Canada, also featured industry experts and keyno...
A large-scale study found that patients cared for by hospitalists had shorter hospital stays and lower treatment costs, with modestly lower mortality rates compared to general internists and family physicians. The study's findings support the benefits of hospitalist care and highlight its potential to improve healthcare efficiency.
Researchers found that skatepark-related injuries can lead to substantial medical costs, lost wages, and even job loss. The study highlights the economic burden of these injuries, particularly for working adults older than 25, who often miss work or lose their jobs due to injuries.
Two studies from the Peninsula Medical School found that moderate drinking is fine for over 65s, with some cases showing better cognitive and general health than abstinence. The research showed no increased risks of physical disability, mortality, or depression among moderate drinkers.
A new brain imaging study has identified specific regions of the brain linked to cigarette cravings in smokers. The findings, published in The Journal of Neuroscience, may help predict relapse in smoking cessation treatment and inform the development of personalized therapy strategies.
Researchers found that a protein called hypoxia-inducible-factor (HIF-1) promotes the synthesis of fibrous connective tissue in kidneys, leading to reduced oxygenation and progression of chronic kidney disease. The study used mice with silenced HIF-1a to demonstrate the link between low oxygen conditions and CKD.
Making preschool available to all children aged three and older in the US would improve school-readiness, fill gaps for working families, and lower high school dropout rates. The initiative would also reduce crime and boost the economy, according to Edward Zigler, Walter Gilliam, and Stephanie Jones.
A survey of 17- to 29-year-old university students found that users believed cannabis would help them fit in, feel relaxed, and forget their worries. Non-users cited work and study as strong reasons for not using cannabis.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that monkeys can perform mental arithmetic, solving problems with accuracy and speed similar to those of college students. The study suggests that basic arithmetic may be part of our shared evolutionary past.
An international team of scientists proposes strategies to overcome obstacles posed by the blood-brain barrier, a gate-keeping system protecting the brain from toxins and letting in nutrients. The review article highlights the importance of understanding the blood-brain barrier in treating brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, multiple s...
A new report by Karolinska Institutet and KTH identifies untapped potential for enterprise and new jobs in the medtech field. The report recommends closer collaboration between academia, healthcare, and industry to achieve industrial growth.
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics will present eight awards to recognize outstanding achievements in aerospace science and engineering. The recipients include Helen Reed, Andrew Arena, Alan Tribble, Ryan Starkey, Wayne Sand, Vigor Yang, and six graduate students for their research endeavors.
A study at the University of Texas at Austin found that human spines evolved differently in males and females due to back pressure from pregnancy. The adaptation, which first appeared at least two million years ago, includes larger joints and a more angled vertebrae curve in females.
UCSD undergraduates Jorge Ortiz, Robert Valtierra, and Breena Fraga were recognized for research excellence at the SACNAS national conference. The students presented their research findings in poster format and received awards, including engineering and chemistry recognition.
The study outlines strategic directions in tissue engineering, focusing on angiogenic control, stem cell science, and molecular/systems biology to provide engineered tissues with adequate blood supply and integrate knowledge at the cellular and molecular level.
A $4.5 million POLENET project aims to cover West Antarctica with GPS trackers and seismic sensors, enabling systems-scale science through the dark polar night. The network will record data from 2010 to 2012, providing insights into climate change's impact on the WAIS.
The University of Houston's teachHOUSTON Program will receive a $2.4M grant from the National Math and Science Initiative (NMSI) to support teacher preparation in math and science. This funding is part of a broader effort to address the critical shortage of qualified math and science teachers in US schools.
A new study found that students who participate in high school sports or individual physical activity are less likely to smoke than their classmates, with the protective effect extending at least three years beyond graduation. However, girls do not derive the same level of protection from school sports as boys.
Physicists at the University of Alberta have made a major advance in understanding supersolidity by manipulating solid helium under extreme pressure and temperature conditions. They found that the material exhibits unusual behavior, becoming stiffer at lower temperatures.