Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A distinct neurobiology of human intelligence has been identified through a review of brain imaging studies. The Parieto-Frontal Integration Theory suggests that the frontal and parietal lobes are key areas involved in intelligent information processing, with some overlap with attention, memory, and language functions.
A study by York University biologists Amro Zayed and Laurence Packer found that a single mated female solitary bee is likely the founder of an invasive population. This contradicts the 'propagule pressure hypothesis,' which suggests that more individuals introduced to an area lead to a higher success rate of invasion.
Most women who think they have a vaginal yeast infection actually don't, according to Saint Louis University researcher Susan Hoffstetter. Women are often misdiagnosed and treat themselves with anti-fungal medicine, worsening symptoms.
Forty SMEs in the West Midlands region have won innovation vouchers to collaborate with 13 UK universities, receiving £3000 each. The INDEX project aims to create a positive link between SMEs and universities, generating real innovation.
The American Society of Plant Biologists awarded Fellow of ASPB, Adolph E. Gude, Jr., Award, Charles Albert Shull Award, Charles Reid Barnes Life Membership Award, Corresponding Membership Award, Excellence in Teaching Award, and Martin Gibbs Medal to distinguished researchers and educators in plant biology.
The Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics has awarded the 2007 SIAM Student Paper Prizes to Thomas T. Bringley, Nir Gavish, and Kristoffer G. van der Zee for outstanding papers in their fields.
A recent study by economists at the University of Missouri-Columbia and Vanderbilt University found that linking teacher pay to student achievement results in improved student outcomes. The researchers advocate for school districts to explore performance-based systems as a potential solution to increase teacher effectiveness.
A new study found a strong link between reduced levels of LR11 in the brain tissue of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the onset of Alzheimer's disease. The findings suggest that LR11 may be a biomarker for predicting disease progression and a potential therapeutic target.
A new study by INFORMS found that experts' unaided judgment forecasts are only slightly more accurate than those of newcomers. The study shows that the chances of success for both experts and novices are around 28%, with a difference of less than 4 percentage points.
The BioWeb is an Internet library of peer-reviewed papers and information related to bioenergy and bioproducts, providing valuable resources for scientists, students, and researchers. The project aims to strengthen American agriculture and develop environmentally friendly manufacturing products and technologies.
A new study found that 1 in 20 North Carolina men who have sex with men reported using crystal methamphetamine, increasing the risk of spreading HIV and other STDs. Meth use is associated with inconsistent condom use, STD infection, HIV positivity, and erectile dysfunction treatment.
Researchers at University College London successfully induced an out-of-body experience (OBE) in healthy participants using a novel method. The study, published in Science, reveals the neural basis of OBEs and has implications for fields like neuroscience, philosophy, and psychology.
A study by Imperial College London and Loughborough University found a significant increase in motorcycling casualties in inner London during the congestion charging period. The research suggests that the incentive to use motorcycles may be driving the rise, while cyclists in outer London also experienced an increase in casualties.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham discovered that Aspergillus nidulans fungi can reproduce sexually without a partner. This 'DIY reproduction' allows individuals to produce new offspring by activating internal sexual machinery, bypassing traditional mating.
The UC Irvine Institute for Genomics and Bioinformatics has received a $5.6 million grant to expand its Biomedical Informatics Training program, which trains graduate students in the intersection of life sciences and computational technologies. The program, one of only 18 nationwide, provides specialized training in molecular biology, ...
Recent Hispanic immigrants in the US are more likely to use illegal drugs as they adopt white American cultural beliefs, with acculturated Hispanics nearly 13 times as likely to report using illicit drugs. The study also found that acculturated Hispanics were more likely to engage in binge drinking and bender drinking.
A study by McMaster University found that drinking milk after weightlifting increased fat loss and improved muscle gain compared to other beverages. The researchers discovered the milk group lost nearly twice as much fat and gained more muscle mass than other groups.
A new target for controlling high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol has been discovered by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. The enzyme PCSK5A was found to increase HDL-C levels in mice, promoting reverse cholesterol transport and reducing the risk of heart disease.
A new study led by Virginia Commonwealth University researchers found that genetic factors play a crucial role in shaping how individuals choose their peer groups. The study suggests that genes become increasingly important as individuals develop, potentially influencing their risk for future substance use or deviant behaviors.
Researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University discovered that intrauterine devices (IUDs) are acceptable for women at high risk of sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy. The study, published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, found lower rates of complications and greater acceptability with the Mirena IUS.
Researchers at the University of California, Irvine have discovered a novel molecular switch that modulates nerve cell activity, offering new possibilities for treating mood disorders and epilepsy. The study shows a link between gut protein cholecystokinin and brain's natural marijuana-like compounds.
Elizabeth Stine-Morrow's "Dumbledore hypothesis" suggests that aging adults can compensate for age-related cognitive changes by allocating effort differently. Older readers with good comprehension spend more time building a 'situation model' and pausing to integrate new information.
The Ecological Society of America recognizes Daniel Laughlin, Carolyn Kurle, Paul Fine, Jordi Bascompte, and Carol Brewer for their outstanding contributions to ecology. The awards honor excellence in research, education, and corporate sustainability.
Scientists identify unique surveillance system that detects and eliminates defective messenger RNAs from red blood cells. This breakthrough understanding could lead to new treatments for thalassemia and other genetic disorders affecting the production of hemoglobin proteins.
A team of scientists has found a way to switch a material's magnetic properties from 'hard' to 'soft' and back again. This breakthrough could lead to new ways of controlling electromagnetic devices. The research, published in Nature, used a magnet to be 'tuned' by subjecting it to a second magnetic field.
Researchers identified over 50 genetic abnormalities in sporadic ALS, providing expanded opportunities for developing treatments. The study's findings also uncovered genes controlling nerve adhesion, offering a major new avenue for ALS research.
The Newark Geoscience Scholars program aims to expose city students to the wonders of and career possibilities in geoscience, addressing a shortage of minority candidates. The program will utilize Rutgers-Newark graduate students and partner with local institutions to provide hands-on science work from kindergarten through the 12th grade.
Older adults experience cognitive decline that affects their ability to comprehend humor, according to Washington University researchers. However, this decline does not mean they cannot understand humor, and previous experiences, preferences, and personality play a significant role in humor comprehension.
A Virginia Tech mathematician is working on reducing the computational challenges associated with simulating large-scale dynamical systems by employing rational Krylov methods. This approach enables the creation of reduced-order models, which significantly shorten computation times while maintaining accuracy.
A new study by University at Buffalo's Research Institute on Addictions found a strong correlation between malt liquor consumption and marijuana use. Young adults who drink malt liquor are more likely to develop alcohol problems and use illicit drugs.
A new internet-based training course is being developed to provide critical information for radiological sciences professionals. The eight-hour course, led by top radiation biologists, will cover the health consequences of a radiological or nuclear event and medical management of an exposure.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in understanding memory by capturing the physical substrate of newly encoded memories. The study shows that synaptic connections change shape when rats learn to navigate a new environment, and this change is essential for stable memory formation.
A new study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research found that brief motivational interviews are still effective 15 months after initiation for college students sent to alcohol counseling. In-person interventions showed better long-term results than written feedback.
A study by UC Irvine found that girls in juvenile detention centers face unique psychological issues, including twice as much aggression as boys and high levels of alcohol and drug use. The researchers suggest that training staff to recognize these issues could help improve the situation.
UB researchers discover that certain solvents can significantly impact acid-base interactions, strengthening chemical bonds between molecules. The study suggests a new tool for initiating these interactions in important biological enzymes.
Researchers at the University at Buffalo have found that copper absorption increases when iron levels decrease, suggesting a crucial role for copper in maintaining iron homeostasis. The study aims to understand the molecular mechanisms behind this relationship and its implications for human health.
A new teaching method uses SimMan simulation technology to teach basic science concepts, with 98% of students rating the correlation as 'very good' or 'outstanding'. Students engaged actively through guided group discussions and interactive simulations.
Researchers at the University of Chicago and Argonne National Laboratory have created a nanothin sheet of nanoparticles that boasts surprising strength, rivalling that of an ultrathin sheet of plexiglass. The material's characteristics make it a promising candidate for use in pressure sensors and chemical filters.
A recent study published in Neuron found that the brain's neural activity changes when searching for specific objects, regardless of their location. The researchers used fMRI to measure brain activity and discovered patterns of activity that were not previously understood.
A national study found that ICSI use for male-factor infertility has increased significantly, with a stable proportion of patients receiving treatment. States with mandated insurance coverage showed greater use of ICSI beyond male-factor infertility indications.
A randomized clinical trial found that selenium supplementation increased the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 55%, with higher levels associated with a greater risk. The study suggests that taking high doses of selenium may have detrimental effects in well-nourished populations.
Researchers suggest golf course habitats can be improved by creating diverse pond types that mimic natural wetlands, reducing chemical runoff and insect predators. Drying ponds in the fall also benefits amphibians by eliminating bullfrog tadpoles that outcompete other species.
Stevens Institute of Technology has joined the IDS Scheer Innovation and Education Network, allowing for the application of its academic research to industry. The network aims to generate a constant stream of ideas for innovations and support education initiatives in Business Process Management (BPM).
Scientists analyzed DNA samples and found that ancient Alaskan gray wolves are genetically distinct from modern wolves. They lived in Alaska continuously from at least 45,000 years ago until approximately 12,000 years ago.
Researchers Zeb Hogan and Sudeep Chandra document and protect massive freshwater fishes in Mekong Delta, critical to understanding and preservation of these species. The project highlights the global 'freshwater extinction crisis' affecting numerous species.
The Penn Udall Center will focus on dementia and Parkinson's disease, with objectives including developing a new rating scale for activities of daily living and studying the neural basis of cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease. The center aims to improve care and treatment for patients and train physicians.
A new study found that early-morning Friday classes can significantly reduce excessive drinking on Thursday nights. The research suggests that requiring students to attend early classes, especially before 10 a.m., can help decrease binge drinking and heavy consumption of alcohol.
A study of 2,785 college students found that over half with significant anxiety or depression symptoms didn't seek help, despite available resources. Socioeconomic background was a key predictor of seeking help, with poor students being more prone to symptoms and less likely to seek treatment.
A research team at Virginia Commonwealth University has identified a new biological function for buckyballs, discovering they can block allergic responses in human cell culture experiments. The buckyballs inhibit a basic process in cells that leads to the release of an allergic mediator, preventing mast cells from releasing histamine.
The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program's Arctic Coring Expedition reveals the Arctic Ocean changed from a 'lake stage' to a fully oxygenated ocean at 17.5 million years ago due to the Fram Strait's evolution into a wider passageway, allowing saline North Atlantic water in.
Researchers at University at Buffalo discover how enzymes work, providing insight into catalysis complexity and potential for improving synthetic catalysts. The study reveals interactions between enzymes and substrates are critical for large catalytic rate accelerations.
A new study by UC Irvine economists finds that racial mismatch is the key to the low black male employment rate, not a lack of jobs in the area. The research reveals that when low-skilled jobs are predominantly held by whites, blacks are less likely to get hired.
A content analysis of newspaper stories on organ and tissue donation found 57% positive and 14% negative articles. The most frequently referenced topics were kidneys, post-transplantation health, and the critical shortage of organs.
Researchers at McMaster University discovered that plants can recognize their siblings and favor kin, leading to increased root growth in familial arrangements. This ability is common in animals but rare in plants.
A recent study by researchers from the US, China, and Japan found consistent positive implicit self-esteem among university students from three countries. The study used the Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure automatic attitudes towards oneself, revealing high levels of positive self-associations across cultures.
A new approach to teaching chemistry at Brandeis University seeks to capture the imaginations of potential scientists through interactive and technology-driven learning. The program aims to build a 'science posse' of disadvantaged students, providing them with academic support, paid lab jobs, and a two-week boot camp.
A miniature robot developed by Prof. Leo Joskowicz and his team enables precise targeting in neurosurgical procedures, reducing complications and improving patient outcomes. The system, which uses preoperative scans and real-time image guidance, has been recognized with a Kaye Innovation Award.
Research shows that police officers outperform community members and students in shoot/no-shoot simulations, with reduced biases against unarmed Black targets. Training improves sensitivity to weapon presence and speed in decision-making.
Carola Wenk, a UTSA computer science professor, has been awarded a $400,000 NSF grant to study geometric shape handling in theory and practice using GPS technology. She aims to develop real-time traffic estimation and prediction systems for San Antonio.
Researchers found that children can solve large number problems without mastering place value or addition facts, using their natural sense of number to perform approximations. This talent can be built upon in the classroom to enhance interest and understanding in elementary mathematics.