Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Stanford University researchers highlight the importance of ethics in addressing climate change, arguing that traditional cost-benefit analyses are inadequate. They propose the creation of a global assessment of human behavior to inform sustainable policies and recognize universities' critical role in solving the human predicament.
Researchers found that a core clock gene regulates stress response and blood pressure, providing a novel link to the diurnal variation in heart attack risk. The study suggests modifying the molecular clock using drugs could be a treatment for people with high blood pressure.
A new approach to teaching biology classes at Ohio State University has led to a four-fold increase in test scores among students who are given more freedom to think for themselves. By using real experiments and encouraging critical thinking, students were able to demonstrate a deeper understanding of biological concepts.
A new study from Stanford University School of Medicine found that living in poor neighborhoods significantly raises the risk of heart disease and stroke. Researchers analyzed data from over 1.9 million people and found that those living in high-deprivation neighborhoods were 1.9 times more likely to experience a heart attack or stroke.
Raymond L. Johnson, a professor at the University of Maryland, received the prestigious AAAS Mentor Award for Lifetime Achievement for mentoring 23 African American students to PhDs in mathematics. Gary S. May, head of Georgia Tech's electrical and computer engineering school, was also honored for guiding 33 African American students t...
Jianguo Wu, Arizona State University landscape ecologist, received the 2006 AAAS International Scientific Cooperation Award for his outstanding contributions to sustainable science. He has made fundamental contributions to the study of grassland ecology and urban landscapes, with a focus on China's Inner Mongolia region.
The NASA Goddard Space Science Center has won several prestigious awards this season, including the Bruno Rossi Prize for high-energy astrophysics and the Annie Jump Cannon Award for female astronomers. These awards recognize the center's outstanding research efforts and achievements in space science.
Researchers discovered that people with ambivalent opinions are more susceptible to persuasion from untrustworthy sources. In contrast, individuals with strong views tend to evaluate the credibility of messages before making a decision. The study's findings highlight the influence of others on consumer attitudes.
A Penn study found that only 16% of male veterans indicated zero tolerance for detainee exposure and deprivation, while 48% showed no tolerance for detainee rape. Depression and PTSD were strongly linked to increased tolerance for abuse.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have developed a new model for discovering and evaluating anti-HIV drugs using a mouse protein called APOBEC3. The study found that APOBEC3 inhibits the infection and spread of a mouse tumor virus, providing a potential test system for evaluating human APOBEC3-based drugs.
A robotic therapy device called HOWARD has been shown to improve hand function in stroke patients by nearly 10% and manual dexterity by 20%, enabling them to grasp and release objects more effectively. The device, developed by UCI researchers, wraps around the hand and assists patients as they initiate movement.
A study found that students who believe their intelligence can be developed outperform those who think it's fixed, especially in math grades. Students with a growth mindset are more motivated, work harder, and bounce back from setbacks.
The partnership aims to boost the number of STEM graduates at Wright State and promote a smooth transition from high school to college for careers in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology. A key focus is on implementing an introductory math class for first-year students to address STEM college attrition.
A recent study suggests that the 'probe to bone' test, used to diagnose bone infections in people with diabetes, may not be as reliable as thought. The test, which feels for bone inside a wound, is only slightly better than chance when used alone.
Young adults (19-25) prefer text messaging for its instant social interaction, a perceived economical cost, and fun technology. They send an average of 50 messages per month and spend $46 US per month on mobile phone services.
First- or second-generation immigrants make up a disproportionate high percentage of Black student population at U.S. universities, with selectivity increasing proportionally. Despite this, Black immigrant students perform similarly to native counterparts in academic performance.
A new study found that human preferences for certain penguin species could impact their survival, with warm colors like red and yellow being more popular among humans. The research, conducted by University of Washington conservation biologist David Stokes, suggests that public opinion may play a significant role in conservation decisions.
A team of researchers has discovered a unique hybrid species of butterfly in the Sierra Nevada mountains, with genes from both parent species. The study suggests that natural selection played a crucial role in its evolution, highlighting the importance of understanding how animal species emerge.
A Florida State University researcher has challenged the conventional wisdom on teaching reading, finding that a one-size-fits-all approach is ineffective and that personalized instruction is key. Using diagnostic tools and algorithm-guided individualized instruction, teachers can tailor curriculum to each student's unique needs.
The National Science Foundation has awarded a four-year grant to the Center for Workshops in the Chemical Sciences (CWCS), supporting series of workshops for college professors. The workshops have had an enormous impact on course development, programs, and majors at many institutions.
A study by UC Irvine scientists found that short but repeated learning sessions can slow the development of two brain lesions associated with Alzheimer's disease. The findings suggest that stimulating the mind through activities like reading or crossword puzzles may help delay and/or prevent the disease in senior citizens.
A major 20-year study has cast doubt on the assumption that orthodontic treatment improves psychological well-being. The study found that orthodontic treatment had little positive impact on participants' psychological health and quality of life in adulthood, contradicting widespread beliefs among dentists.
Researchers at UC Irvine have developed a novel method to measure carbon dioxide levels from fossil fuels by analyzing corn samples collected from nearly 70 locations nationwide. The study found that California and the Ohio Valley had the most fossil-fuel-emitted carbon dioxide, while the Colorado region had the least.
The University of Texas at San Antonio has received a five-year grant to promote undergraduate interdisciplinary education in mathematics and biology. The Undergraduate Mathematics and Biology Scholar program aims to educate well-rounded students familiar with both disciplines for careers in the biomedical and health-related industries.
The Southwest Ohio STEM Secondary Teacher Academy will provide an intensive three-week summer experience, internships, and mentoring for 50 high school students. The program aims to recruit and prepare mathematics and science teachers from underrepresented groups to increase diversity in the teaching profession.
A new class of aluminum-hydrogen compounds has been synthesized with potential applications in solid rocket fuel and the hydrogen economy. The compounds' relative stability may enable more efficient propulsion systems and cleaner energy production.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine propose a new approach for brain-machine interfaces using undamaged nervous tissue to provide command signals to drive prosthetics. The system may one day enable people with spinal-cord injuries or limb loss to regain control over their devices.
A new study reveals that while more women are studying engineering, they often use it as a launchpad for other careers due to teaching methods and a male-dominated environment. Women value their novelty status but hold traditionally stereotypical views of themselves outside the profession.
A new study by the University of Washington reveals that early college entrants are not unhappy 'nerds' but rather versatile, interesting, and sociable individuals. The research found that most students who entered college at a young age reported living up to their expectations in various areas of life, including work, intellectual pur...
A team of researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has identified a molecular spring within the fibrinogen protein, which explains how blood clots can stretch and bend under physical stress. This discovery may lead to the development of treatments for cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and thrombosis.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have created new hybrid structures combining the strengths of carbon nanotubes and metal nanowires. This technique allows precise attachment of carbon nanotubes to individual metal pins, offering a practical solution for using carbon nanotubes in computer chips.
The Biophysical Society has awarded Minority Travel Awards to seven students attending the 2007 annual meeting in Baltimore. The recipients are from top universities across the US and will present their research on various biophysics topics.
The Biophysical Society has announced the winners of its student travel awards for their outstanding scientific contributions and presentations at the annual meeting. The recipients include Youval Ben Abou, Dovart Brass, Esther Caballero-Manrique, and other talented students recognized for their research excellence.
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has awarded nearly $11.5 million to fund Science Education Partnership Awards (SEPA) across the US. These projects aim to promote health literacy and encourage students to pursue careers in the health sciences through hands-on, inquiry-based activities.
A University of Georgia study finds that rapid detection and aggressive education can dramatically reduce the size of emerging infectious disease outbreaks. The model developed by John Drake takes into account factors like information speed and public dissemination to predict outbreak sizes.
A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine shows that medical teams can reduce catheter-related bloodstream infections by nearly 70 percent. Medical teams are critical for preventing these infections and promoting overall patient health and welfare.
A recent study by Oregon State University researchers suggests that tobacco company-sponsored anti-smoking advertising aimed at youths may actually increase teen smoking rates. The study found that each additional youth-targeted prevention ad viewed resulted in a 3% stronger intention among all students to smoke in the future, and that...
Researchers found that high-performing hospitals had little difference in mortality rates for common conditions like heart attack and pneumonia. The study suggests that current quality measures are insufficient to accurately reflect patient outcomes, highlighting the need for new measures linked to clinical outcomes.
Researchers found that older men diagnosed with localized prostate cancer who received treatment lived significantly longer than those who didn't receive treatment. After accounting for differences, the study discovered a 31% lower risk of death in patients who underwent surgery or radiation therapy.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences reveals that the brain processes pitch in Mandarin Chinese music before processing semantics in language. This finding highlights why people with cochlear implants struggle to understand tonal languages like Mandarin.
A small-scale nuclear conflict could produce as many direct fatalities as WWII and long-term climate disruptions, impacting nearly everyone on Earth. The scientists estimated fatality estimates ranging from 2.6 million to 16.7 million, and the environmental impacts could spread worldwide.
The Hammersmith Hospitals NHS Trust and Imperial College London have been awarded Biomedical Research Center status, guaranteeing £19.5m annual funding for the next five years. This partnership aims to translate scientific research into benefits for patients, making West London a leading centre for UK biomedical research.
A breakthrough discovery by Vera Krymskaya at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has linked a potential treatment for Lymphangioleimyomatosis (LAM), a rare lung disease targeting only women during childbearing years. The treatment, utilizing a medication to inhibit abnormal growth, is now in clinical trials.
A new probability model designed by Stanford University geophysicists weaves together data from Global Positioning System (GPS) and the geological record to estimate fault movement rates. This time-dependent model reconciles the discrepancy between GPS-paleoseismology data, providing a more accurate picture of slip rates.
Researchers Katherine Jones-Smith and Harsh Mathur critique the work of physicist Richard Taylor, who claimed fractal analysis could authenticate Pollock's paintings. They found that fractal analysis leads to mathematical contradictions and inconsistencies in Pollock's works.
A Florida State University study found that 31% of workers experienced supervisor abuse, leading to increased exhaustion, job tension, and mistrust. Employees who stay visible at work and maintain an optimistic outlook are better equipped to minimize the harm caused by abusive supervisors.
Many developing country universities are at risk if they don't strengthen their research capabilities and address regional development problems. The pressures are greatest, the need most acute, and it's a matter of life and death. Strong research capabilities are essential for relevance and survival.
The new journal aims to bridge the gap between economics and real-world issues by publishing readable yet rigorous articles. Oxonomics will provide an outlet for undergraduate and graduate students to publish their research alongside established academics and policymakers.
A national plan for disaster medicine training has been developed with a federal grant, aiming to provide training for everyone working on the front lines. The plan brings together key stakeholders to create courses that meet their needs, with state-specific plans also being developed.
A multi-center study with Stanford University found that regular exercise can improve a person's score on a standardized test of physical mobility, balance, walking speed, and ability to rise from a chair. The study showed that seniors who exercised regularly performed better on the fitness test than those who received health education.
The study ranked top 10 states based on seismic activity, with Nevada ranking third, behind Hawaii and Alaska. The rankings were determined by analyzing earthquake data from 1898 to 2005, including data from the USGS catalog of significant U.S. earthquakes from 1568-1989.
Researchers at UCI found that cholinergic neuronal circuits rely on neurotrophin-3 to recognize and reach target nerve cells in the brain. This discovery may lead to potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease by inducing nerve fibers to regrow in the cerebral cortex.
A $525,000 NSF CAREER grant will help faculty and graduate students develop skills for interdisciplinary research, a growing necessity in complex technological challenges. The project will survey 1,000 faculty and 1,250 students across 20 disciplines to develop assessment tools and strategies.
Geologists have developed a new theory explaining how and when the Appalachian Mountain range was created. The study reveals that the complex was originally attached to Gondwana before colliding with North America, closing the Rheic Ocean and forming Pangea.
A new study found that money brings about self-sufficiency, allowing people to work harder and independently, but also making them less socially insensitive. The researchers discovered that subtle reminders of money led to participants working longer without asking for help and being less helpful towards others.
Researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University conclude that antibiotics are not effective in treating short-term bronchitis, which is usually caused by viral infections. The study suggests that physicians should inform patients that there is no data to support the use of antibiotics for this condition, saving them from potential side...
Scientists found that a particular part of the brain, called the intra-parietal sulcus, is activated to bind together details of an event when it occurs, allowing for more detailed memories. This region is responsible for integrating contextual details and central aspects of the event.
The University of Manchester and University of Sheffield are using interactive video conferencing to improve the teaching of mathematics to PhD students. The project aims to provide a broader and deeper knowledge of math, enabling students to compete with international peers for key jobs and positions.
Michigan State University researchers Kristie Macrakis and Ryan Sweeder have successfully recreated the chemical formula for invisible ink used by East Germany's Stasi. The team, which includes undergraduate students, developed a chemistry lab dubbed the 'Spy Lab' to teach students about catalysis and other scientific concepts.
Researchers at UCI identified natural compounds that block autoimmune T-cell activity, potentially developing new treatments for type-1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. The study found the compounds suppressed autoimmune T-cell function without affecting other immune cells.