Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have created a massive 3-D map of the universe, mapping the distribution of galaxies and providing new insights into dark energy. The map uses luminous red galaxies as 'lighthouses' to measure distances, covering vast scales of up to a billion light-years across.
In Scotland, attainment levels at 16 have narrowed slightly over the past 20 years, but social inequality in attainment at 18 has widened. Despite this, working-class youngsters consistently outperform their English peers.
The STARS Alliance aims to broaden the appeal of computer science and information technology by recruiting a diverse group of students. The program will establish a web site, Student Leadership Corps, and a targeted marketing campaign to shatter stereotypes and promote diversity in computing careers.
A recent study by University of Illinois Chicago researchers suggests that approximately 61.8% of sexual assault subjects have drugs in their system, with 4.2% reporting being drugged without knowledge. The study also found that voluntary drug use impairs decision-making, increasing the risk of sexual assault.
A recent study by the University of California - Irvine has found that indoor air purifiers producing even small amounts of ozone can exceed public health standards. This increases exposure to ozone levels in excess of health guidelines for people operating these devices indoors, potentially worsening respiratory issues such as asthma.
Researchers found that women can accurately determine a man's interest in children and testosterone levels from his facial expressions. This study suggests that a man's affinity for children is an important factor in his long-term mate attractiveness, even after accounting for physical attractiveness.
The Allergan Foundation has donated $2 million to support eye research, clinical care, and education at the University of California, Irvine. The donation will help develop a new facility dedicated to retinal diseases, including diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a process to overcome difficulties in combining nanotubes with other materials, leading to improved composites. The new material demonstrates remarkable improvements in strength, toughness, thermal conductivity, and electrical conductivity.
The University of Pittsburgh's Mascaro Sustainability Initiative has received a $506,000 grant to establish the Sustainable Engineering Fellowship Program. The program will engage diverse students in translating fundamental sustainability science into real products and processes.
The MIRTHE center aims to create low-cost, easy-to-use sensors for medicine, environment, and security. It will utilize quantum cascade lasers to detect chemicals in the air and water.
The American Physiological Society has named Steed, a doctoral student, its first K-12 Minority Outreach Fellow. She will visit classrooms to share her career path and model for minority students what they can achieve in biomedical research. The fellowship aims to encourage pre-college minority students to consider careers in science.
The study found that elderly individuals unable to complete the quarter-mile walk had a significantly higher risk of disability and death. Those who completed the test had a three-to-four fold higher risk of death compared to those in the fastest 25 percent of walk time.
A recent MUHC study found that Vioxx-related heart attacks can happen as early as two weeks after starting the medication. The risk of cardiovascular events decreases with longer duration of use and returns to normal after one month of stopping the drug.
A McMaster University study found that employees are more willing to share knowledge with trusted colleagues who treat them fairly. The reluctance to share knowledge leads to a contagious tendency to hide important information, causing productivity to suffer.
Suicide is currently the third leading cause of death among teenagers and young adults ages 15 to 24, behind traffic accidents and homicide. There are no wide-scale school programs on suicide awareness and prevention largely because schools don't have the resources to effectively deal with at-risk youth they identify.
The American Mathematical Society's Epsilon Fund awards grants to twelve outstanding summer programs across the nation, providing modest supplements to their budgets and supporting student scholarships. The programs aim to kindle a love of learning that will last a lifetime in mathematically talented high school students.
This year's winners were chosen based on their abstracts, letters, and the presentation of their research at the Experimental Biology conference. The award recognizes excellence in undergraduate research and provides a platform for students to pursue careers in physiology and biomedical sciences.
Dr. Elliott's CAREER award supports his work in developing cross-cutting curricula and high-risk investigations of biological electron transfer reactions in microbes.
The Penn-Botswana Program will provide clinical care and education for HIV/AIDS patients in Botswana. The grant aims to turn around the epidemic in Botswana, a test tube case for Africa's AIDS crisis.
Sarah Elgin, a renowned biologist, has been re-funded by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) for her research on chromatin structure in fruit fly gene regulation. Her workshop, Research Explorations in Genomics, aims to make biology education accessible to students and faculty nationwide.
The study utilizes biomechanics to improve understanding of heritable heart disorders and prevent children's spinal injuries. New materials and treatments are also discovered to aid in surgical implants development.
A recent study by McMaster University professor Ashish Pujari found that companies must integrate environmental impact across the organization to make green products successful. This shift in focus is paying off in increased return on investment, higher sales, and enhanced competitiveness.
A survey of 141 physicians and medical students found that female respondents were more likely to perceive sex discrimination in surgery, citing workload considerations and lifestyle concerns as deterrents. The results suggest addressing these concerns to attract both men and women to surgery, but also highlight the need to confront a ...
A new curriculum at the University of Kentucky aims to teach healthcare professionals to evaluate and prescribe medications in a cost-effective manner, reducing influence from pharmaceutical marketing. The program will be taught online and in classrooms to medical students, physician assistants, and practicing clinicians.
Researchers have discovered a bacterial adhesive that is 70 newtons per square millimeter strong, comparable to the downward force exerted by three cars. This finding suggests that the substance may be the strongest glue in nature, surpassing common commercial glues.
The American Dietetic Association's new position statement warns of common inaccuracies in media coverage of nutrition studies. Journalists should ensure research is conducted by credible institutions and qualified researchers, and that results reflect appropriate context.
Dr. Daniel Rader, a leader in preventive cardiovascular medicine and cholesterol metabolism, has been awarded a $6 million grant to develop new therapeutic approaches for reducing heart disease risk. His research focuses on boosting HDL (good cholesterol) levels and function.
A new study by the University of Iowa found that early intervention with electrical stimulation can significantly reduce bone mineral density loss in SCI patients. The therapy, which involves delivering defined doses of load to targeted muscles and bones, was shown to improve bone health and muscle strength.
A growing trend towards transparency in executive compensation packages is driven by increased investor scrutiny and demands for accountability. This shift signifies a change in the post-Enron era, where shareholders are now more diligent in monitoring how companies allocate their resources.
The University of Pittsburgh study found significant improvements in clinical, behavioral, and psychological indicators for patients receiving the chronic care model (CCM) intervention. Patients and providers received diabetes-control education, leading to better blood glucose control, HDL cholesterol, and diabetes knowledge.
Research found that 79% of visible-minority immigrant youth hope to earn a university degree, compared to 57% of Canadian-born non-visible minority students. The study also revealed that parents of visible-minority immigrant students have higher education levels and express more positive hopes for their children's educational attainment.
Researchers discovered that men's and women's brains behave differently even when at rest, with distinct connections to other brain regions. This finding may lead to a better understanding of why certain psychiatric disorders affect one gender more than the other.
Researchers found a 35% decline in HIV-1 prevalence among women in southern India, dropping from 1.7% to 1.1%, and an even greater reduction of 36% among men aged 20-29 attending STI clinics. The authors attribute the decrease to increased condom use in sex work or abstinence by males.
Virginia Tech and two other universities partner to analyze codes, practices, and policies of 31 counties within the James River Basin. The project aims to encourage environmentally friendly development practices, promoting a cleaner and healthier river ecosystem.
AK20 will participate in the Internet2 K20 Initiative, giving Alaska students access to advanced internet-based learning opportunities. The connection enables programs like Megaconference Jr., live undersea exploration demonstrations, and remote-controlled dissections.
Oxygen is essential for the development of complex biochemical networks that enable organisms to convert food into energy. The study found that even simple networks had anoxic pathways common to all life, but oxygen was necessary for higher life forms to evolve.
The study found that manipulating a specific signaling pathway in the AT1 receptor altered animal behavior, increasing salt intake without water consumption. This suggests that intracellular events can regulate behavioral states, providing new insights into angiotensin's role in mammalian behaviors.
Dr. Jon Epstein has received the $5,000 AFMR Outstanding Investigator Award for his outstanding contributions to biomedical research in cardiovascular development. His lab works with transgenic and knockout mouse models to understand molecular mechanisms of human disease.
The Information Assurance Courseware Evaluation (IACE) Review Committee validated Stevens' curriculum against the CNSS National Training Standards, earning recognition at the 2006 CNSS Awards Ceremony. The certificate is valid through June 2009 and recognizes consistency in training for critical information assurance skills.
Stevens Institute of Technology has been recognized as a national center of academic excellence in information assurance education by the NSA. The university's commitment to security education is being honored for its continued strength and excellence.
At the March APS Meeting, NSLS student-researchers presented their innovative studies on biomineralization. Michael DiBiccari's x-ray analysis revealed identical atomic structures between biosilica and synthetic silica, while Samantha Palmaccio discovered that protein fibers enhance the strength of calcium carbonate minerals over time....
Two recent papers by Pitt physicist demonstrate the existence of electrons stuck on metal surfaces under intense light, enabling total internal reflection. This phenomenon could lead to faster and smaller transistors and more efficient conversion of light into chemical energy.
Researchers have created genetically modified mosquitoes resistant to the Type 2 dengue fever virus, which infects 50 million people annually. The mosquitoes showed high levels of resistance and were able to reproduce, making them a promising tool for controlling mosquito-borne diseases.
A recent study by Case Western Reserve University found that private practice dentists and hygienists primarily counsel middle-class patients with higher education on preventing dental diseases. Despite the lack of peer feedback, most dentists use comfort-giving strategies to make patients feel at ease during visits.
A study by UK and Australian researchers found that people with strong religious beliefs were less likely to be lonely, while retired individuals were more likely to be socially connected than the unemployed. Loneliness levels started rising between ages 20-49, challenging the belief that retirement leads to social isolation.
The American Physiological Society sponsors annual David S. Bruce Undergraduate Research Awards to recognize excellence in undergraduate research. Four students will be chosen from among 12 finalists to receive the $500 award, which is presented at the Experimental Biology conference.
Researchers found that U.S. News rankings particularly impact students with high LSAT scores, with effects strongest for top-ranked schools. Rankings also influence the number of applicants accepted by selective institutions.
A Case School of Engineering professor is using virtual reality to train brain and heart surgeons, reducing learning time and allowing independent practice. He aims to expand minimally invasive techniques to complex surgeries, virtually eliminating the need for heart/lung machines.
A team of researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has developed a new process to create flexible, conducting 'nano skins' that can be used in various applications, including electronic paper and sensors. The materials combine the strength and conductivity of carbon nanotubes with the flexibility of traditional polymers.
Neural activity prior to an event can predict whether it will be remembered, according to a new study by UCI neuroscientist Michael Rugg. The study found distinct neural patterns that indicate whether words would be recalled in a later test.
Researchers found that patients with mildly underactive thyroid glands showed no increased risk of heart attacks, strokes, or death. However, those with a mildly overactive thyroid gland had a small increased risk of developing an abnormal heart rhythm.
A network of multidisciplinary centers will collaborate to study the origins of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Researchers aim to identify new molecular and genetic markers for the disease and develop targeted therapies.
Researchers at Boston University found that X-ray bursts from the Sun cause dramatic alterations to Mars' ionosphere, as detected by NASA's MGS spacecraft. The team used measurements on Earth to confirm the findings and gain a better understanding of the phenomenon.
A recent study found that universities in the mid-1990s had a significant impact on Internet adoption, with low-income households seeing a 50% increase in adoption rates. This effect has been transferred to members of these households across generations.
The Case Western Reserve University PhD program has received a $850,000 grant from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute to develop a novel curriculum and administration of the program. The program aims to prepare students for translational research and clinical applications.
A small study at the University of Pennsylvania found that high-dose Lipitor improved erectile dysfunction in patients who did not respond to Viagra. The results suggest that statin drugs may improve endothelial dysfunction, which is often linked to ED and atherosclerosis.
Researchers found that well-dressed and groomed women received friendlier service, while appearance had a limited impact on greeting times. The study suggests that assumptions about customers' spending power drive salesclerks' behavior.
A recent study by Turi King and colleagues found that men who share surnames are more likely to have similar Y chromosomes, suggesting a common ancestor within the past 20 generations. The research has implications for genealogy and forensic science, as it may enable surname prediction from DNA alone.
The University of Pittsburgh has received a $5 million gift from the John M. and Gertrude E. Petersen Foundation to support its Institute of NanoScience and Engineering. This funding will enable researchers to investigate complex scientific and engineering challenges, leading to potential breakthroughs in various fields.
A national evaluation of summer research programs for undergraduates has found that they are a confirmatory event in many students' lives, confirming their desire to pursue careers in science. The programs also show similar quality of mentoring and positive experiences across institution types.