Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new nanotechnology-based air filter uses laser-induced graphene to eliminate viruses and bacteria, offering a self-sterilizing effect. This technology could be integrated into face masks and HVAC systems, providing an active layer of protection against COVID-19.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a machine learning algorithm that accounts for neural recording instabilities, allowing users to continue controlling brain-computer interfaces despite signal variations. The approach stabilizes neural activity, maintaining good BCI performance in the presence of recording instab...
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev have developed an AI-based test that can speed COVID-19 testing eightfold, enabling faster detection of asymptomatic carriers. This method involves dividing samples into pools and mixing individual samples to identify positive cases after fewer tests.
A team of researchers from NTU Singapore and the UK developed a guide to help primary care health workers conduct remote COVID-19 consultations. The guide provides evidence-based advice on how to conduct virtual assessments, choose between phone and video appointments, and identify red flags for COVID-19.
Research by University of Sheffield physicists indicates a difference in neutrino and antineutrino behavior, which could help explain the universe's matter-matter asymmetry. The T2K experiment strengthens previous observations and paves the way for future discoveries.
A support programme for military spouses has reported increased confidence in employment prospects and goodwill towards the Armed Forces. The Spouse Employment Support programme provided training grants and career support, leading to improved job market engagement and recognition by the military.
The University of Texas at El Paso has been awarded a $1 million grant from the National Science Foundation to establish engineering leadership academies. The program aims to improve undergraduate STEM education, particularly at Hispanic-Serving Institutions (HSIs), by supporting non-tenure-eligible Engineering Instructional Faculty.
Researchers will develop techniques for analyzing MRI and echocardiogram images to improve patient assessment and diagnosis. The collaboration aims to co-develop practical solutions for both the US and India, addressing high healthcare loads and improving diagnostic accuracy.
A new mobile phone app is being tested to help smallholder farmers in Pakistan and Madagascar manage their land effectively. The system uses a paper strip to analyse soil nutrients and recommends levels of fertiliser to use.
Scientists at the University of Leeds and AstraZeneca developed a technique to screen antibody fragment susceptibility to aggregation caused by structure disruption much earlier in drug discovery. This approach increases the chances of success by selecting protein sequences that can withstand industrial-scale manufacturing stresses.
Scientists have found that liquid meltwater from Greenland's glaciers can flow deep below the ice sheet during winter, raising questions about sea-level rise and future climate change. This discovery highlights the need for year-round Arctic hydrological investigations to understand how meltwater moves through the ice sheet.
A Russia-based study found that national online education platforms can significantly lower instruction costs for STEM courses, allowing resource-constrained universities to enroll more students. The study also discovered that blended instruction formats offer the greatest cost savings of 19.2% for one course and 15.4% for another.
An experimental study found that high-quality online courses can achieve the same learning outcomes as traditional classes, with cost savings ranging from 15-81%. However, student satisfaction was slightly lower for online students due to lack of experience and relevant skills in an online environment.
A multi-site study found that online and blended instruction produced similar learning outcomes to traditional in-person classes, with students scoring higher on course assignments but reporting slightly lower satisfaction. The study also showed significant cost savings, with blended instruction lowering costs by 15-19% and fully onlin...
Research by Mark Long and Nicole Bateman found that underrepresentation of minority students in public universities has worsened since affirmative action bans took effect. Alternative policies have not fully replaced raced-based affirmative action, with the gap growing in subsequent years.
Research suggests settlers arrived in East Polynesia around 200 years before previous estimates, coinciding with a dry period driven by climate change. Human settlement of the region helped answer key questions about why people made hazardous journeys east.
A new study from Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that ride-hailing trips increase the number of crashes for motorists and pedestrians at pick-up and drop-off locations. The research used data for individual ride-hailing trips and found no link between ride-hailing and cyclist or taxi crashes.
The Rice University team has developed an automated bag valve mask ventilator unit that can be built for less than $300 in parts. In lab tests, the device delivered nonstop air for 24 hours, showing its potential to help critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Researchers at the Medical University of South Carolina have discovered a natural product, manzamine A, that exhibits anti-cancer properties in cervical cancer cells. The compound stops cell growth and causes some cells to die, with potential applications for treatment and development.
Patients with diabetes mellitus and endocrine disorders are at higher risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19. Medical teams need to take extra precautions when treating these patients and consider adjusting their medication regimes as needed.
Dr. Andrzej Dragan and Prof. Artur Ekert propose that the features of quantum mechanics can be explained within the framework of special theory of relativity. They show that superluminal solutions naturally lead to non-deterministic events, multiple trajectories, and probability amplitudes, phenomena associated with quantum mechanics.
A new UCL study found that heavy drinking over a lifetime significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and liver damage in older adults. Heavy drinking is also associated with a larger waist circumference and body mass index (BMI) in later life, even if it's stopped before age 50.
Researchers at the University of Leeds have discovered a dynamic shape-shifting mechanism in noroviruses, which may help explain their potent pathogenicity and inform vaccine development. The study's findings could lead to the creation of more effective vaccine candidates using virus-like particles (VLPs).
A study by Texas A&M University researchers found that over 60% of urban expansion since 1970 came from agricultural land, posing serious concerns for fertility and food security. The trend, driven by small- and medium-sized cities in India, China, and Nigeria, threatens the livelihoods of millions of small farmers.
The Academic Freedom Index (AFi) provides near global data on national levels of academic freedom, including five indicators measuring different dimensions of freedom. The index helps researchers and stakeholders analyze trends across states and regions to strengthen academic freedom.
A study led by University of Leeds found that energy use and fossil fuels do not contribute significantly to increases in life expectancy. Instead, growth in national income and improving healthcare systems play a more crucial role.
The University of California, Davis, has received a $1 million innovation grant to develop and distribute an adaptive learning platform that complements its existing LibreTexts resource. The platform aims to foster inclusivity in STEM fields, address equity gaps, and reduce STEM attrition rates among disadvantaged students.
A researcher at Samara Polytech has designed a wind-powered generator with irregular cross-section conductors that reduces mass and dimensions, increasing efficiency. The design has been patented and implemented in electric machines with integrated electronic units and liquid cooling.
The Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) has secured a grant to develop data collection techniques for assessing the scale of challenge in safely dealing with sewage waste. On-site sanitation, such as pit latrines, is used by 3.1 billion people worldwide, but few countries keep data on waste treatment, posing major health risks.
Researchers at University of Limerick's Bernal Institute have helped discover a molecule that can switch between three distinct states, paving the way for low-energy data storage and processing. This breakthrough could have a major impact on the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications.
Researchers from the University of Leeds have created a 'spin capacitor' that can generate and hold the spin state of electrons for hours, opening up possibilities for new devices with efficient data storage. This innovation could lead to more sustainable technologies requiring less power.
Researchers from the University of Sheffield found that plants in Peak District grasslands share key nutrients to co-exist, leading to high levels of plant diversity. This sharing is known as resource partitioning, allowing different types of phosphorus compounds to be used by each plant.
Researchers have developed a novel theory to explain the chaotic movements of particles in dynamic environments, where passive particles interact with active swimmers. The model suggests that such movements can be explained by Lévy flights, which arise from hydrodynamic interactions between swimmers and passive particles.
Research suggests that urban horticulture can provide a significant portion of the local population's 'five a day' by growing fruit and vegetables in domestic gardens, allotments, and public green spaces. This could feed approximately 709,000 people per year if all space is utilized.
Scientists at the Wellcome Sanger Institute discovered that astrocytes in mouse brains are organized into distinct layers with molecular forms depending on their location, redefining brain structure. This knowledge will have implications for understanding neurological disorders like Alzheimer's, multiple sclerosis, and autism.
A new study examines energy inequality across 86 countries, revealing extreme disparities in energy footprints and consumption patterns. The research shows that the top 10% of consumers consume roughly 20 times more energy than the bottom 10%, with significant inequalities in transport, heating, and electricity.
A brief entrance test can predict students' success within their first year of study in Economics, outperforming intelligence tests and school grades. The WiWiSET project found that the test assesses domain-specific knowledge and skills, allowing for a reliable prognosis of study progress.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev found that treated wastewater contains minimal accumulation of organic micropollutants, posing no toxic effects on fish. The study suggests that tertiary wastewater treatment can be used for growing fish without compromising public health.
Janet L. Kottke, PhD, has received the Distinguished Teaching Contributions Award from SIOP for her outstanding teaching contributions and dedication to graduate education. Her innovative research and commitment to quality learning experiences have enriched I-O master's programs across the country.
Researchers from RCSI University have discovered that heating up vitamin E acetate in vaping products produces highly toxic ketene gas, which can cause serious lung damage and impair the central nervous system. The study highlights the potential risks of vaping and calls for further investigation into the chemicals found in vape mixtures.
A team of palaeontologists has discovered stegosaur fossil footprints on the Isle of Skye, shedding light on dinosaur diversity in the Middle Jurassic period. The findings reveal that stegosaurs roamed the island around 170 million years ago and provide a clearer picture of Scotland's dinosaur evolution during this time.
A new study found that climate change is likely to cause the extinction of the Greek Meadow Viper, with up to 90% of its habitat becoming uninhabitable by the end of the 2080s. Rising temperatures and aridification due to climate change are the primary threats to the species' survival.
Research from Binghamton University found that older children's brains respond more strongly to rewards and less strongly to losses later in the day. This may lead to increased risk of risky behavior at night. The study suggests that understanding these differences can help prevent teenage risk-taking and psychopathology.
Chemists at the University of Miami have created an artificial enzyme with improved catalytic abilities. The new molecule is designed to tackle chemical reactions in industrial settings and could lead to the development of more efficient biofuel production, drug creation, and other applications.
Researchers at the University of Bath recommend reducing the impact of existing palm oil production and supporting Certified Sustainable Palm Oil to make the industry more sustainable, as alternatives take several years to develop.
A graduate student at the University of Illinois has discovered a new treehopper species named after Lady Gaga, showcasing the diversity of this bug group. The newly identified species, Kaikaia gaga, features unusual characteristics, including horned thoraxes and leg hairs, which differentiate it from other treehoppers.
Researchers from City, University of London developed a software tool to simulate glaucoma's impact on daily life, using commercially available head-mounted displays (HMDs). The study found that participants with simulated visual impairment performed tasks slower and made more movements compared to those without impairment.
A study found that educating people about the impact of same-sex parenting on children reduces prejudices and misconceptions. However, legal issues persist due to a lack of inclusive marriage policies, which can affect same-sex families in separation cases.
Researchers found that biomass fuels derived from grasses like switchgrass and giant miscanthus can reduce carbon emissions by 78-290% compared to petroleum-based fuels. The study suggests that these crops could provide a significant portion of the decarbonization needed to curb global warming.
Researchers found that the alignment of nanotubes in 2D films corresponds to parallel, submicroscopic grooves on the paper. The grooves likely form during the factory production process, and removing them allows for control over alignment direction.
A new study from the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus found that patients who took fewer opioids pre-discharge also reported less opioid intake in the following weeks. The study suggests tailoring opioid prescriptions to individual patient needs, balancing pain management and reducing leftover pills.
Researchers have discovered a novel 'toolkit' of proteins that can repair breaks in DNA, which can lead to cellular ageing, cancer, and neurological diseases. The discovery of the protein TEX264 holds promise for treating cancer and preventing age-related diseases.
Researchers discovered a rare eclipsing binary brown dwarf system using the SPECULOOS project, confirming theoretical models of brown dwarfs' cooling processes and providing valuable insights. The system consists of two brown dwarfs orbiting each other, offering opportunities to study their atmospheres and climates.
Researchers discovered a new master control region in alpha-synuclein protein that controls amyloid formation, leading to neurodegeneration and movement difficulties. This finding opens up new opportunities to develop therapies to slow down or prevent Parkinson's disease.
The nTIDE February 2020 jobs report reveals a significant increase in employment-to-population ratios for both people with and without disabilities, with modest job gains reported for Americans with disabilities. The labor force participation rate for working-age individuals with disabilities also showed a notable increase.
Scientists have developed a diagnostic technique using electron microscopy to measure the behavior of individual atoms in materials. This allows them to detect and monitor impurities at the atomic level, with potential applications in various fields such as electronics and materials science.
A study by University of Colorado Denver found that affirmative action's legal semantics have redefined diversity priorities to benefit white students. This shift is reflected in initiatives like 'Inclusive Excellence,' which treats students of color as responsible for diversity, rather than promoting true inclusivity.
A study published in PNAS reveals that neurobiological changes associated with aging can be seen at a younger age and may be prevented or reversed through dietary changes. Researchers found that consuming ketones, as opposed to glucose, stabilized brain networks and increased overall brain activity.
A new study identifies barriers to quality healthcare for trafficked children, including lack of provider training and multidisciplinary collaboration. The research also provides recommendations for improving care, including the development of an assessment tool for healthcare professionals.
Researchers at INRS and McGill University developed a method to draw molecular patterns on the surface of quantum materials using macrocycles, changing their optical, magnetic, and electrical properties. This technique has potential applications for electronic devices and biosensing.