Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The researchers are developing advanced fibers for body armor with improved ballistic performance. The goal is to increase energy absorption and dissipation, leading to greater protection for military personnel. The project involves hybridizing UHMWPE fibers with carbon nanotubes and testing various manufacturing and testing methods.
The first major literary work developed as an app, The Canterbury Tales features a 45-minute audio performance of the General Prologue, along with digitized original manuscripts. New research reveals previously unknown information about the tales' characters and context.
Melodie French has earned a prestigious National Science Foundation CAREER Award to support her research on the physics responsible for earthquakes. The grant will enable her lab to study rocks exhumed from subduction zones, characterizing the strength of rocks deep underground where plates meet.
A new study published in Nature Communications found that sevoflurane anesthesia leads to more metastatic burden in the lung after breast tumor resecting surgery than propofol. The findings may guide clinicians in optimizing anesthesia choice for breast cancer surgery to achieve best long-term outcomes.
Exequiel Ezcurra, a professor of ecology, has been recognized for his leadership in bringing together research, education, outreach, and policy to protect the environment. He has made significant contributions to conservation science, ecosystem management, and policy outcomes.
New research from the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus suggests that changes in the environment may contribute to the rising incidence of type 1 diabetes. The study examined various environmental exposures and found that none of the associations were strong enough to explain the rapid increase alone.
A role-playing game called Citizenship Quest helped students build trust and empathize with immigrants from China, India, and Mexico. The exercise increased understanding among students who had little direct contact with immigrants.
Angela Wandinger-Ness, a distinguished pathologist, has been honored with the AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award for her dedication to increasing diversity in STEM fields. Through her research and mentorship, she has mentored approximately 270 scientists from underrepresented communities.
The Elie 2.0 project aims to improve entrepreneurship opportunities for socially excluded groups by providing skills training, confidence boosting and local business partnerships. The programme will work across the UK, Poland, Bulgaria and Greece, building on success stories from the Eliemental programme.
A new cryptocurrency-routing scheme, Spider, has been developed to boost the efficiency of certain networks designed to speed up blockchain transactions. This routing scheme lets users invest only a fraction of funds in each account, allowing for roughly four times more transactions before rebalancing on the blockchain.
The study measures dynamic physical properties of human aortas and finds that age impairs their proper functioning. The researchers aim to design grafts capable of mimicking native aorta behavior, improving patients' quality of life.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University discovered GCSF's neuroprotective properties, improving neurological deficits and behavioral outcomes in mouse models of stroke. The study provides new insights into GCSF's potential to reduce infarction by decreasing endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial stress.
Researchers, including University of Arkansas archeologists Emily Beahm and Carl Drexler, aim to create safer and more inclusive field learning environments. Their project provides recommendations to prevent sexual harassment during undergraduate field-based courses.
A new approach inhibiting FABP5 may halt disease progression in metastatic prostate cancer. Researchers developed novel FABP5 inhibitors exhibiting significant cytotoxicity against highly drug-resistant cells.
The new all-optical encryption innovation uses standard optical equipment to render fiber-optic light transmission invisible, spreading the transmission across multiple colors in the optical spectrum bandwidth. This method creates multiple weaker data streams that are hidden under noise and elude detection.
Xu is being honored for her efforts to recruit women, underrepresented minorities, and first-generation college students to the fields of chemistry, biochemistry, and biomedical sciences and engineering. She has led a laboratory pursuing research at the interface of chemistry, biology, engineering, and medicine.
A study by University of Limerick researchers found that patients treated with PD had similar survival rates to those on in-centre HD, regardless of diabetes status or country of origin. The findings suggest that PD may be a more cost-effective and better quality-of-life option for patients approaching kidney failure.
A new study by NYU researchers reveals that active shooter incidents off campus and political factors influenced the introduction of concealed carry laws on college campuses between 2004-2016. Republican legislatures introduced bills in response to mass shootings, while Democrat-controlled legislatures did not.
Dr. Taro Takahashi received the award for his six-decade research career on global ocean uptake of carbon dioxide emissions and biogeochemistry. He was also recognized for his community service and mentorship to colleagues and junior scientists.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a 'flash graphene' process that can turn bulk quantities of waste material into valuable graphene flakes. The process is quick, cheap, and produces high-quality graphene with reduced greenhouse gas emissions.
A study published in Neural Computation found that the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) test has flaws, including non-normal scores and clinician influence on diagnoses. The researchers propose combining clinical observations with wearable technology to make data collection less invasive and improve diagnosis reliability
A recent study found that older refugees in Canada have significantly higher rates of depression, even decades after arrival. The research highlights the importance of social support for refugee mental health, with those lacking strong relationships experiencing higher levels of distress.
A study by Florida Atlantic University found that 75% of green sea turtles with fibropapillomatosis did not survive rehabilitation despite tumor removal surgery. Tumors often regrew within 46 days, leading to prolonged rehabilitation times.
Researchers have created kirigami structures that can support 14,000 times their own weight without adhesives or fasteners. The tilted triangle design is strongest when flaps are undamaged and untapped, and its unique geometry allows for horizontal compression within the center of the design.
A new study suggests that Mars' ancient waters were characterized by high salinity and a neutral pH, creating an environment potentially suitable for microbial life. The research found evidence of hyposaline lakes on early Mars, which could have supported life forms similar to those found on Earth.
Researchers have developed a new method to measure ultrafine particles in exhaust gas, which are harmful to health. The process provides a better understanding of the formation of secondary aerosols by car exhaust gases and can help reduce vehicle emissions.
Research found that large forest patches greater than 100 hectares can support larger populations of threatened species such as sun bears and orang-utans. However, these patches need to be much larger to sustain sufficient numbers of species, making long-term conservation a challenge.
A systematic review of existing literature found that leaving school and getting a job leads to a decrease in physical activity, while becoming a mother is linked to increased weight gain. As young adults transition into adulthood, they tend to put on weight due to changes in diet and lifestyle habits.
Research at Swansea University and the University of Milan found that students with high levels of internet addiction are less motivated to engage in studies, more anxious about tests, and experience increased loneliness. This excessive internet use impairs study skills and motivation.
Researchers have developed a new strategy to improve the stability of black phosphorus, a promising material for optoelectronics. The most effective mechanism of fluorination has been revealed, resulting in increased stability and high antioxidative ability.
Researchers found that deep acting, trying to align feelings with interactions, leads to higher support from co-workers and progress on work goals. On the other hand, regulators who display both surface and deep acting experience physical and mental strain.
EMBO has awarded nine researchers with Installation Grants to set up independent laboratories in the Czech Republic, Poland, Portugal, and Turkey. The grants support young group leaders in establishing their labs in countries that struggle to compete scientifically with well-funded research centers.
A study found that in Tennessee, a small percentage of providers account for the majority of pediatric antibiotic prescriptions. The study identified that high prescribers tend to be older and general pediatricians, and researchers are exploring ways to address this issue. The research aims to improve antibiotic stewardship in the state.
A study has mapped several sites in Europe containing gas hydrate, a relatively clean fuel that could play a role as a substitute for coal in the coming decades. Gas hydrate is stored in an ice-like form beneath the seabed, with potential deposits found off Greenland, Svalbard, Norway, Ireland, and the Mediterranean Sea.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University and the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire suggest teaching youth 'safe' sexting practices to prevent long-term consequences. They provide 10 specific, actionable messages to share with adolescents to exercise wisdom and discretion when sharing explicit images.
Researchers at University of Leeds and Procter & Gamble found that shorter, cooler washes can significantly extend garment lifespan and reduce microfiber release by up to 52%. This reduces environmental impact, as microfibers contribute to ocean pollution.
Researchers found that intentionally adding defects to lithium-ion batteries can cause stress, leading to cracks and degradation. The study suggests a sweet spot for defect levels to optimize performance, contradicting previous findings.
A recent study found that fewer than two in every 100 packed lunches meet nutritional standards, with an increase in vegetables and a decrease in sugary food. The researchers argue that the Government should make fresh vegetables freely available in schools and that the food industry should develop healthier options.
A new study by the University of Miami Rosenstiel School revealed that Atlantic tarpon migrate thousands of kilometers in distance beyond U.S. borders. The research found the fish use both freshwater and estuarine habitats throughout their life, with previously unknown spawning locations identified in Florida and the Gulf of Mexico.
Researchers from Boston University School of Public Health argue that calling pornography a public health crisis endangers the health of the public by leading to unwarranted policy shifts. The existing evidence suggests negative health consequences for some individuals, but not substantial harm overall.
Researchers have discovered a key to understanding the evolution of whales by analyzing the range of motion of their joints. By studying this range of motion, scientists can infer the feeding behaviors of extinct cetaceans, providing new insights into their diets and physiologies.
A new study reveals that a sea-ice-free Arctic will accelerate the melting of permafrost, leading to significant releases of carbon dioxide. The research, based on ancient cave stalagmites, suggests that past periods without summer sea ice were associated with warmer air and increased snowfall in Siberia, destabilizing the permafrost.
Researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology discovered that active virtual reality (VR) experiences hinder visual memory more than passive ones. This finding challenges the potential use of VR as an educational tool, highlighting the need for teaching materials that account for its characteristics.
A University at Buffalo psychologist suggests that self-esteem is a valuable resource for undergraduate international students trying to socialize with their domestic counterparts. Additionally, university identity was found to be associated with greater socialization with both groups.
A team of experts re-examines the original estimate that e-cigarettes are '95% less risky' or '95% less harmful' than combustible cigarettes. They found it outdated, misleading, and invalid, citing changes in e-cigarette devices and liquids that increase potential harms.
A new study from the University of Illinois found that affirmative action policies increased enrollment of underrepresented students in Brazilian universities. The policies, which included quota systems based on racial or socio-economic criteria, resulted in significant increases in enrollment of black and mixed-race students, as well ...
Researchers at the University of Kent and UCL found that early Stone Age populations selected raw materials for different tool types based on sharpness, durability, and efficiency. They made optimized tools by choosing materials suited to specific functional needs, maximizing performance and 'ease-of-use'.
A recent study by Hebrew University researchers found that smoking is associated with increased rates of clinical depression among students, with depressed smokers experiencing twice to three times higher rates of depression as non-smokers. Smoking also leads to lower mental health scores, including vitality and social functioning.
A study by the University of Leeds found a 13% decrease in total sugar content in UK yogurts over two years. However, experts warn that yogurt is still not a straightforward choice for consumers looking for healthy foods due to hidden sugars and added sweeteners.
A study by Ohio State University suggests that college students' Facebook friends rarely provide support to encourage help for depression. The study found that most friends responded with supportive gestures, but participants were unlikely to ask for help.
A study of US high school students found that peer victimization is associated with depression and risky sexual behaviors, including unprotected sex and substance use. Cyberbullying, in particular, predicts increased risky sexual behaviors among adolescent boys, particularly when they are depressed.
University of Southampton's Future Worlds accelerator is exhibiting cutting-edge research-based tech products in various sectors. The stand will unveil intelligent software for prosthetic fitting, a cyber-security threat assessment tool, and miniaturised components for quantum technology.
Researchers at Rice University have discovered a novel mechanism by which snake-like proteins, known as coiled coils, interact with DNA to form loops that regulate genetic messages. These loops are formed through a braiding process, where the coiled coils writhe and twist around each other, bringing together sites on DNA.
A recent study by Stony Brook University confirms that climate change affected Hurricane Florence's intensity and rainfall patterns. The research found that the storm was 80 kilometers larger due to climate change, with increased rainfall amounts of up to 50% in certain areas.
A Brazilian study analyzed math test scores for 9th-grade students, revealing that performance gaps between different racial groups can largely be attributed to socio-economic factors. However, for high-scoring students, structural factors like discrimination and stereotypes play a greater role in perpetuating the gap.
A comprehensive study of French Polynesia's coral reefs has been conducted, revealing the healthiest reefs are found around islands with low elevation. The study also found that cyclones and crown-of-thorns starfish outbreaks have decimated reefs in some areas.
A California law eliminating nonmedical exemptions increased vaccination rates and restored 'herd immunity,' preventing outbreaks. The study found a 3.3% increase in MMR coverage and a 4.3% increase in overall vaccination coverage, while nonmedical exemptions decreased by 2.4%.
The book Rethinking Biology highlights how biology is often oversimplified, leading to a false public understanding of biological processes. The authors study children and adults' perceptions, journalists' writing, legal contexts, and religious world views to shed light on this issue.
Researchers identified families with high carbon footprints as consuming more sweets, alcohol, and restaurant food. These food choices contribute significantly to their higher carbon footprint, with meat consumption explaining less than 10% of the difference.
A new study from the University of York found that parents' socioeconomic status and children's inherited DNA differences are powerful predictors of educational achievement. Children with high genetic propensity for education but poor backgrounds had limited access to higher education, while those with low genetic propensity but afflue...