Articles tagged with Universities
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists at CSH Vienna create model to determine regional health care system's resilience in real-time, focusing on physicians' networks and patient flows. The model helps identify critical points where the system can absorb or compensate for lost doctors without collapse.
A recent study published in Nature Ecology & Evolution found that Amazon forests with the greatest evolutionary diversity are the most productive. The research team analyzed long-term records from 90 plots and DNA sequence data to investigate the links between forest growth rates and diversity.
A study by the University of Technology Sydney found that students with lower grades had significantly lower marks when using Facebook, with a six-mark difference in a 60-mark exam. Students who devoted less time to social networking sites saw an improvement in their results.
A comprehensive study of morning glories reveals that storage roots evolved independently in multiple species, including sweet potato. The research contributes to a better understanding of the genus Ipomoea, one of the largest groups of flowering plants.
A massive study of over 3,000 freshwater mussels reveals seven new mussel-associated leech species, some of which are obligate inhabitants of the mantle cavity. The association evolved over millions of years and is crucial to understanding biological threats facing imperiled animal groups like freshwater mussels.
The American Society of Nephrology has announced the inaugural winners of its new Midcareer Awards. The awards recognize clinicians, researchers, and educators who have made substantial contributions to nephrology in areas such as clinical service, education, leadership, mentorship, and research.
Researchers develop a method to create bio-inspired horns from horse tail hairs and silk, mimicking the structure and properties of real rhino horn. The goal is to undermine demand for endangered rhino horns and provide a cheaper alternative.
The project Generation 1975 -- being 14 in the new Germany examines the transformation process after the Wall came down, with feelings of condescension and trauma prevalent in the east. Life plans were destroyed, but positive memories of a childhood in the GDR remain.
A research team led by WPI professors will use data analytics and optimization to identify resources for homeless youths in NYC, aiming to disrupt human trafficking networks. The project aims to reduce vulnerability and costs while maximizing benefits for rehabilitated lives.
A recent study published in the Journal of Hazardous Materials found that simulated sunlight can degrade microplastics on the ocean surface. The research revealed that engineered polymer solutions degraded most rapidly under UV radiation, followed by polypropylene and polyethylene.
A new system called EduSense analyzes visual and audio features to determine effective instruction, providing personalized feedback for instructors. The system uses two wall-mounted cameras to track students' engagement and instructor behavior, offering insights that would take days or months to gather with manual observation.
Michigan State University researchers identified key elements of a company's product portfolio and brand strategy that drive success in marketing. The study found that developing high-quality brands within a portfolio and innovating products are critical to maximizing sales and market share.
A new risk assessment model accurately predicted Ebola's spread into Uganda by considering constant contacts and temporary interactions. The model helped allocate resources and prevent further spread in the country.
A new guide published by University of Sheffield researchers suggests that end-of-life carers should be entitled to up to six months paid time off work and job safeguards. The study highlights the economic benefits of supporting working carers, who can provide valuable services to society while reducing the burden on the NHS.
A study of 744 rural high school students found that at least 19% reported changes in their self-labeled sexual identity over a three-year period. Notable differences were seen between male and female students, with girls reporting more changes than boys.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have discovered that a bacterial toxin, lysostaphin, targets and breaks down MRSA cell walls, making it effective against antibiotic-resistant superbugs. This finding could lead to the development of new treatments targeting the same mechanism.
A new framework, Conservation Hierarchy, calls for proactive measures to ensure greater benefits to nature alongside economic development. The approach aims to halt and reverse biodiversity loss, shifting focus from reactive actions to proactive conservation efforts.
A study of over 5,800 pupils found that private school students scored 27% higher in 'facilitating' A-level subjects, with better university access and labor market rewards as a result. The significant resource gap between private and state schools is cited as the primary driver of this academic advantage.
A joint study by Lancaster and Sheffield Universities found that language proficiency significantly impacts students' performance in science assessments. The study analyzed the performance of 485 students, both English native speakers and English-language learners, on standardized science tasks.
University of Birmingham scientists developed an off-grid desalination system powered by solar energy to combat water shortages in the Jordan Valley. The prototype, built from affordable parts, can recover up to 80% of salinized water for irrigation purposes.
Researchers developed a novel approach to track tremor severity in Parkinson's patients, combining wearable sensors with machine-learning algorithms. The method accurately measures total and resting tremors throughout the day, even during free body movements.
Researchers have identified a new therapeutic target for treating cardiovascular disease by studying the role of the TRIB1 protein in immune cells. The study found that higher levels of TRIB1 increased cholesterol uptake in foam cells, promoting arterial disease.
A new study found that higher education may protect against cognitive decline in older non-Hispanic black people with the APOE e4 gene, a major genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease. The study showed that individuals with more than a high school degree performed similarly to non-carriers on memory tests.
Researchers at NTU Singapore developed a tiny quantum communication chip that offers superior security and is 1,000 times smaller than current setups. The chip uses quantum algorithms to form a secure 'quantum key' that is destroyed after transmission.
Researchers launch a beta website allowing users to review proposed research projects and predict outcomes, aiming to improve the rigor and credibility of social science research. The platform could help identify truly surprising results and gauge expert accuracy in certain areas.
Researchers at Michigan State University have found that scents emitted by songbirds are produced by certain bacteria in preen glands, which identify a bird to other birds. Altering these bacteria can disrupt the bird's ability to communicate and find a mate, highlighting the importance of maintaining a balanced microbiome.
A Cornell University study reveals that discrimination may occur faster than the blink of an eye, especially when money is scarce. Under conditions of economic scarcity, participants took significantly longer to process black faces than white faces, allocating less money to black recipients.
A study by Binghamton University researchers found that early retirement can lead to accelerated cognitive decline among the elderly. The Chinese New Rural Pension Scheme was linked to decreased cognitive performance, particularly in females, and reduced social engagement and mental activities.
New research reveals that antibiotic-resistant bacteria carry dormant genes that can quickly become active, making them resistant to treatment. This study highlights the complexity of the fight against superbugs and the need for improved screening processes.
Scientists at Rice University have created a unique nanoscale material called soft double gyroids, which exhibits a maze-like structure. However, their analysis reveals that the material's structure is not perfectly cubic, but rather distorted due to grain boundaries and directional stress.
Astrophysicists simulated giant radio galaxies to explain their formation. They found that these objects remain enormous even at great distances, challenging classical physics.
The Penn Medicine team will analyze clinical data from traumatic brain injury (TBI) and age-related dementias to understand the mechanisms of TReND, a umbrella term for progressive neuropathologies after TBI. The study aims to establish diagnostic criteria for Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy and other forms of TReND.
Geoffrey C. Fox is recognized for his significant contributions to parallel computing, including the development of Twister and SPIDAL projects. He has also made notable service to the community through various organizations and roles.
Researchers at the University of Kansas have secured an $8 million grant to expand a program that boosts engagement and reduces disruptive behaviors in schools across the nation. The CW-FIT intervention will be expanded nationally, with nearly 10,000 students in grades three through five participating.
University of Houston assistant professor Judy Wu is examining a connection between noncovalent interactions and aromaticity, which could control the strengths of noncovalent interactions for drug and materials discovery. Her project aims to bridge computer models with practical impacts in biomedical research.
A new study from Rice University found that college leadership training programs teach students about leadership, but additional measures are needed to evaluate their impact on real-life leadership skills. The analysis suggests a 19% increase in knowledge and better leadership outcomes for program participants.
Researchers at Penn State have successfully increased the efficiency of perovskite solar cells by adding the protein bacteriorhodopsin, boosting it from 14.5% to 17%. This breakthrough could lead to more environmentally friendly and cost-effective bioperovskite solar cell technology.
The US Army Research Laboratory's Robotics Collaborative Technology Alliance brings together industry-academia researchers to solve military problems with scientific solutions. Students from undergraduate to doctoral levels contribute to the alliance by working on real Army problems in university laboratories.
The American Society of Anesthesiologists has recognized Dr. Jerome M. Klafta's outstanding contributions to medical education, with a focus on innovative program development and cultivating the next generation of physician anesthesiologists.
Researchers found that nearly half of the study sites are the driest they have been for the last 1,000 years, with cutting, drainage, burning, and grazing contributing to peatland drying. The combined pressure of climate change and human impacts threatens these critical carbon-storing ecosystems.
A new discovery reveals that mouse X and Y chromosomes compete to produce female versus male offspring, with genes on the X favoring daughters and genes on the Y favoring sons. IVF fertilization can reverse this imbalance.
The University of Virginia has earned a national grant to establish a graduate course that explores the complex ethical, legal, and policy implications of new technologies. The course, called Innovation in the Public Interest, will be offered through UVA's schools of engineering, law, and politics.
A new study from Cornell University researchers found that computational education can foster intercultural learning and unlikely friendships between students from diverse backgrounds. Despite initial resistance, the structure of the class enabled cooperation and bonding among students from different ethnic groups.
The XDiscovery Lab at Dartmouth has introduced three innovative technologies: TipText, a finger-based keyboard for wearables; Tessutivo, a conductive fabric that interacts with objects; and Proxino, a tool for testing virtual circuits in the physical world. These advancements bring humans closer to devices and could enable new forms of...
Researchers discovered a delayed and prolonged inflammatory response in diabetic mice infected with MERS-CoV, indicating a malfunction in the body's response to infection. This finding highlights the importance of managing glucose levels in patients with diabetes experiencing respiratory infections.
The Center for Hardware and Embedded Systems Security and Trust will investigate unique vulnerabilities in collaboration with private companies and government agencies. The research focus is on developing techniques to avoid circuit counterfeiting and ensuring the authenticity of computer chips.
A novel approach to tackle superbugs has been discovered using nanocapsules made of natural ingredients, which can prevent bacteria from attaching to stomach cells. The research aims to reduce antibiotic-resistant strains and is a potential preventative measure.
A recent study found a significant increasing trend of flash drought frequency over China during 1961-2005, driven by anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. The exposure risk in southern provinces with humid climates is expected to increase by up to 40% in the middle of this century.
The University of Texas at Arlington will train more addiction recovery specialists with a new $1.3 million grant from the U.S. Health Resources and Services Administration. The project aims to provide evidence-based practices for working with opioid users through hands-on training.
The Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg will coordinate an European Training Network for doctoral students to develop a digital twin for highly flexible structures in industrial applications. The network aims to create a computational model of the system's behavior, allowing for simulations and predictions during development.
A new prototype device can identify a wide range of airborne gases and chemicals, including harmful compounds like benzene, in real-time. The device uses Raman spectroscopy to detect gas molecules and has been shown to accurately identify airborne pollutants at parts-per-billion concentrations.
A mathematical model developed by researchers at KAIST reveals how cells can communicate over long distances to spur collective action, even with short distance signaling. The team identified a cell communication mechanism that quickly forms a network of local interactions to facilitate synchronization.
The University of Arizona's two-year AZSecure Cybersecurity Fellowship program will continue to train students in cybersecurity, covering tuition and fees, with a stipend of $34,000 per year. The renewal funding will help about 20 more students over the next five to seven years.
A recent University of Sheffield study found that taking vitamin D by oral spray is just as effective as taking a tablet in improving levels. The six-week trial compared the efficacy of vitamin D3 delivered through both capsule and sublingual methods, with results showing an equal rate of improvement in participants.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University and the University of Pennsylvania analyzed crash risk, exposure, and built environment factors. They identified specific variables related to exposure and risk, but found a lack of clarity on the role of built environment in traffic injury and death.
The new journal, Gut Microbiome, aims to explore the complex interaction between the gut microbiota and the host. It will publish research on various topics, including diet, pharmaceuticals, and probiotics, and their effects on the immune and nervous systems.
Research from the University of Sheffield's School of Health and Related Research found nearly 2000 more alcohol-related deaths in England since 2012 due to government cuts. The study modeled the impact of changes to alcohol duty policy, resulting in a one percent rise in alcohol consumption leading to additional deaths.
The NSF INCLUDES: SEAS Island Alliance aims to enhance U.S. leadership in discoveries and innovations by focusing on diversity, inclusion, and broadening participation in STEM at scale. The program will connect individuals across islands and partner institutions, providing expertise and mentors through the creation of new island networks.
Researchers have identified brain circuitry differences associated with suicidal behavior in individuals with mood disorders. The study found that those with a history of suicide attempts showed less connectivity in the cognitive control network and between it and the default mode network.
Scientists at Tomsk Polytechnic University study reaction properties of verdazyl radicals, expanding knowledge into organic chemistry. They can combine radicals to create compounds with unique properties, solving problems in fields like quantum computing.