Artificial intelligence helps predict whether antidepressants will work in patients
Researchers developed an AI algorithm to analyze brain scans and clinical data, predicting treatment response with 8-week accuracy.
Clinical Research
Articles tagged with Clinical Research
Repetitive high concentration capsaicin patch applications for nerve pain in a real-world setting
A real-world study published in Pain Practice found that patients with neuropathic back pain, postoperative/posttraumatic pain, or shingles experienced reduced pain intensity after multiple high-concentration capsaicin patch applications. The study also showed a significant reduction in opioid use among participants.
Blood thinners added to clot-busting medication did not improve stroke outcomes
Researchers found that adding blood thinners to clot-busting medications for ischemic strokes did not improve physical function at 90 days post-stroke. The study, MOST, enrolled 514 patients and analyzed the effectiveness of two blood-thinning medications.
Scientists develop a low-cost device to make cell therapy safer
A microfluidic chip can remove undifferentiated cells that could form tumors before they are implanted in a patient, improving the safety and effectiveness of cell therapy. The device can sort over 3 million cells per minute without causing damage to fully-formed progenitor cells.
New scientific research will test PREVENT risk calculator among diverse groups
The American Heart Association's PREVENT risk calculator will be evaluated among diverse populations to assess its accuracy and fairness. The research aims to ensure that the tool provides accurate risk predictions for people from various racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds.
Evaluation of ruxolitinib, a Janus Kinase inhibitor, in multiple myeloma
The study evaluated the effectiveness of ruxolitinib in treating relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Researchers found that ruxolitinib inhibited JAK signaling, leading to enhanced anti-tumor effects and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers are one step closer to diagnosing CTE during life, rather than after death
Researchers connected cognitive and behavioral symptoms to protein buildup in the brain marking the disease. The study showed a clear relationship between CTE pathology and severity of cognitive and functional symptoms during life.
University of Cincinnati stroke experts present at international conference
Researchers discovered two new genetic pathways associated with worse ICH outcomes, including a pathway affecting blood coagulation and cellular interactions. Population data showed a decrease in aneurysmal SAH strokes and a rise in non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhages, offering encouraging evidence for intervention success.
11 leading stroke scientists to receive American Stroke Association honors
Eleven prominent researchers recognized for groundbreaking work in stroke and brain health, with a focus on improving treatments and addressing disparities. The honorees include experts in magnetic resonance imaging, inherited risk factors, and clinical stroke research.
Chinese Medical Journal review explores personalized brain mapping and navigated neuromodulation
Researchers discuss recent advances in brain mapping, emphasizing the need to establish precise neuromodulation paradigms based on individual characteristics. Individualized brain mapping methods have evolved from manual labeling to staining techniques across multiple subjects.
Switching arms improves effectiveness of two-dose vaccinations, OHSU study suggests
Researchers found a four-fold increase in immune response when people alternate arms during two-dose vaccinations. The study showed improved immunity to the original and omicron variants after three weeks and persisted beyond 13 months.
University of Cincinnati, Spark Biomedical trial aims to increase treatment retention for patients with opioid use disorder and PTSD
A clinical trial is underway to help patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) stick with medication treatment. The trial uses a patient-administered wearable device that delivers mild electrical stimulation to alleviate symptoms of both conditions.
Johns Hopkins Children’s Center study finds cost-driven housing moves lead to disruptions in federal assistance programs
A Johns Hopkins Children's Center study found that cost-driven housing moves, such as evictions and foreclosures, disrupt access to WIC, SNAP, and Medicaid for 21% of children. The study highlights the importance of maintaining safety net benefits for families during times of financial strain.
Advances in pediatric sepsis biomarkers: A pediatric investigation review
Researchers investigate biomarkers from genome, transcriptome, proteins, and metabolites to help tackle the high mortality rate of pediatric sepsis. The review highlights potential biomarkers, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics.
Epigenetic drift underlies epigenetic clock signals, but…
Researchers develop epigenetic clocks based on regional disorder of DNA methylation patterns, identifying common responses and critical differences from canonical clocks. These findings suggest a fundamental decoupling of epigenetic aging processes.
New tool to diagnose genetic mutations
Researchers have developed One-pot DTECT, a compact kit that can detect genetic signatures with high accuracy, enabling rapid point-of-care diagnosis for various applications. The tool has been shown to identify genetic mutations in sickle cell anemia patients and carriers with 100% accuracy.
Women with HPV infection face higher risk of death from cardiovascular disease
Researchers discovered that women with high-risk HPV infection have a significantly increased risk of blocked arteries, heart disease, and stroke. The study highlights the importance of monitoring cardiovascular health in patients with high-risk HPV, particularly those with obesity or other risk factors.
System for early diagnosis of gastrointestinal cancers
Scientists have created a low-cost imaging device suitable for endoscopic screening programs, offering excellent contrast between healthy and malignant tissue. The new system uses ultraminiature spatial frequency domain imaging technology to detect cancerous lesions with high specificity and sensitivity.
Heavy cannabis use increases risk of developing an anxiety disorder, study suggests
A new study published in The Lancet's eClinical Medicine found that 27% of individuals who visited emergency departments for cannabis use developed a new anxiety disorder within three years. Heavy cannabis use may worsen existing symptoms and delay evidence-based treatments.
Cleveland Clinic Research reveals unique tumor-related bacteria tied to young-onset colorectal cancer
Researchers mapped changes in tumor-related bacteria to uncover potential strategies to combat the rise of young-onset colorectal cancer. Unique bacterial signatures were found in tumors from younger patients, including Akkermansia and Bacteroides, which are more likely to have left-sided, rectal, and advanced stage tumors.
The fate of drug discovery in academia; dumping in the publication landfill?
The lack of synergy between academia and industry in drug discovery hinders the development of effective treatments. Researchers discuss why many therapeutic molecules fail to reach clinical trials despite pre-clinical efficacy.
Global study unveils strategies to shield breast cancer patients from distressing lymphoedema condition after surgery
A global study has identified evidence-based approaches to prevent breast cancer-related arm lymphoedema (BCRAL) by addressing risk factors and implementing surveillance programs. The research provides a clinical guide for healthcare teams worldwide to adopt a proactive approach in preventing this irreversible complication.
Researchers identify protein linked to metastasis in pancreatic cancer
A study published in Advanced Science identified Engrailed-1 as a key factor promoting pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis. The researchers found that elevated Engrailed-1 levels were associated with severe pancreatic cancer, suggesting it as a potential target for therapies.
Immune cells lose ‘killer instinct’ in cancerous tumors – but functionality can be re-awakened
Researchers discovered that immune cells called natural killer cells rapidly lose their functionality when entering solid tumours, adopting a dormant state. However, targeting the IL-15 pathway can restore NK cell activity and improve tumor control. This breakthrough could pave the way for new cancer treatments.
BIPOC individuals bear greater post-COVID health burdens, new research suggests
New research finds that Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) individuals experience greater negative impacts on their health status, activity levels, and ability to work after COVID-19 infection compared to white participants. The study highlights the need for equitable health interventions for underserved populations.
Machine learning to battle COVID-19 bacterial co-infection
A machine learning technique called LASSO was used to analyze blood samples from six countries, identifying seven genes that can predict the risk of developing a secondary respiratory bacterial infection. The findings aim to guide clinicians in making more informed decisions about antibiotic use.
Experiencing “stroke-like” symptoms may be more traumatic than an actual stroke
People with stroke mimics are at a higher risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than those with confirmed strokes. Researchers found that patients with stroke mimics experience significant psychological distress and increased cardiovascular health risks.
Promising heart drugs ID'd by cutting-edge combo of machine learning, human learning
Researchers at University of Virginia Health System developed a new approach to machine learning that identifies drugs minimizing harmful scarring after heart attacks. The tool predicts and explains drug effects for other diseases as well.
More neighborhood fitness spaces linked to higher physical activity levels after stroke
A study found that living in a neighborhood with easy access to recreational centers and gyms is linked to higher physical activity levels among stroke survivors. The analysis suggests that having a conversation with stroke patients about available physical activity resources can help them continue their recovery.
Combination drug therapy shows promise for a treatment-resistant cancer
A combination of two cancer drugs has shown promise in treating malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), a type of cancer that is notoriously hard to treat. The study found that the combination therapy of SHP2 inhibitors and CDK4/6 inhibitors suppressed tumor growth and triggered cell death in mouse models.
Diabetes medication class tied to lower risk of kidney stones
Researchers found that SGLT2 inhibitors reduced kidney stone rates by 30% compared to GLP1 agonists and 25% compared to DPP4 inhibitors. The study included data from 716,406 adults with type 2 diabetes who took these medications.
News on drug-induced skin swelling
A study by Bonn researchers identified a new genetic risk locus for ACE inhibitor-induced angioedema, which is associated with increased bradykinin signaling. The discovery provides new insights into the pathophysiology of this condition and may lead to the development of new prevention, diagnostics, and therapy approaches.
Groundbreaking genome editing tools unlock new possibilities for precision medicine
Researchers have created a novel genome editing tool using zinc-finger DNA-binding domains, allowing for precise targeting and correction of disease-causing genetic mutations. This breakthrough enables safer and more adaptable gene therapy applications.
BCAS1 defines a heterogeneous cell population in diffuse glioma patients
Researchers have uncovered the molecular and ultrastructural features of BCAS1+ cells in diffuse gliomas, highlighting their proliferative capacity and distribution. The study provides a comprehensive characterization of the BCAS1+ cell population within diffuse gliomas, shedding light on its role in tumor malignancy.
New study has promising results for anti-aging effects from enzymatically modified isoquercitrin
A new study has shown promising results for the use of enzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ) as an anti-aging ingredient in cosmetics. EMIQ was found to reduce facial trans-epidermal water loss and skin roughness, while improving skin elasticity in a 28-day clinical trial.
Coverage and determinants of postnatal care in Nigeria: a pediatric investigation study
The study reveals national PNC coverage is 37.3%, with factors like maternal education, urban residence, and facility delivery strongly associated with uptake. Further research is needed to develop interventions promoting PNC in Nigeria.
Researchers find early symptoms of psychosis spectrum disorder in youth higher than expected
A new study found that 50% of youth aged 11-24 with mental health issues exhibit Psychosis Spectrum Symptoms, highlighting the need for early intervention. The study aims to identify predictors of psychosis spectrum disorder and improve mental health outcomes for this population.
Tomato juice’s antimicrobial properties can kill salmonella
Researchers found that tomato juice can kill Salmonella Typhi and other enteric pathogens by impairing their bacterial membrane. The study identified two effective antimicrobial peptides in tomatoes that can eliminate these harmful bacteria.
Switching to vegan or ketogenic diet rapidly impacts immune system
A study found distinct immune responses occur quickly when diets change, with the vegan diet prompting innate immunity and the keto diet adaptive immunity. Metabolic changes and microbiome shifts were also observed, highlighting the need for further research on the health effects of these dietary interventions.
Weight loss intervention in people with type 2 diabetes influences cancer-associated proteins
A new study led by University of Bristol researchers found that weight loss in people with type 2 diabetes can alter levels of cancer-related chemicals circulating in the blood. Nine cancer-related proteins were changed by the weight loss intervention, suggesting a potential reduction in cancer risk.
Neuroblastoma: Liquid biopsies to detect relapse of childhood cancer early
Liquid biopsies have the potential to monitor therapy success and predict tumor recurrence in high-risk neuroblastoma patients. The MONALISA project aims to establish liquid biopsies as a standard procedure for monitoring relapsed neuroblastoma, offering hope for improved personalized medicine.
University of Houston expert warns red light myopia therapy can injure retina
A University of Houston optometry researcher has warned against using low-level red light therapy for myopia in children due to potential retinal damage. The therapy, which involves prolonged exposure to a red light-emitting instrument, can put the retina at risk of photochemical and thermal damage.
The DiAL-Health study will help determine how intermittent fasting and calorie counting can improve a person’s “healthspan”
Researchers at Pennington Biomedical aim to investigate the effects of intermittent fasting and calorie counting on healthspan. Participants in the DiAL-Health study will be compensated up to $2,500 for their involvement.
Many Americans are counting their carbs – but what counts as a ‘low-carb’ diet?
A scoping review of 508 clinical studies found that most define a low-carb diet as limiting carbohydrate intake to 30% or less, with some using thresholds below 100 grams per day. The study highlights the need for a standardized definition to inform public health and nutrition activities.
New study identifies link between presence of oncofoetal ecosystem and liver cancer recurrence
A recent study discovered a causal link between oncofoetal ecosystems and liver cancer recurrence, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The research found that oncofoetal reprogramming contributes to EMT, tumour cell proliferation, and response to immunotherapy.
Genetic alterations in thyroid cancer mediate resistance to BRAF inhibition and anaplastic transformation
A study reveals thyroid cancer's genetic changes contribute to resistance to BRAF inhibitors and can lead to tumor dedifferentiation. Researchers identify potential targets for new therapies, including dual-targeted treatments and immunotherapy combinations.
Nearly two-thirds of low-risk pulmonary embolism patients are hospitalized after ED visit
A study of over 1.6 million ED visits found that nearly two-thirds of low-risk pulmonary embolism patients were hospitalized, despite evidence suggesting safety in outpatient management. Researchers suggest further investigation into ED triage decisions to improve appropriate use of outpatient care.
New evidence informs risk factors, diagnosis and care of patients with CVT stroke
A new American Heart Association scientific statement emphasizes the need for increased awareness of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) to facilitate prompt medical treatment. The statement updates guidelines for diagnosing and managing CVT, focusing on advancements in treatment approaches.
Using fMRI, new vision study finds promising model for restoring cone function
Researchers used fMRI to assess brain responses to lights stimulating only cone cells in dogs with different types of retinal diseases. The study found that gene augmentation therapy restored response in cortex to black and white stimulation, making this disease a promising one for photoreceptor cell replacement treatment.
New tool helps predict progression of Alzheimer’s
Researchers at UTA developed a novel learning-based framework to predict Alzheimer’s disease progression. The DETree strategy can pinpoint clinical status within the disease spectrum, allowing for more accurate planning and potential applications in other diseases with multiple stages of development.
Researchers discover why one type of chemotherapy works best in bladder cancer
Researchers discovered that cisplatin chemotherapy enhances the immune system's ability to fight bladder cancer by modulating the immune response and damaging DNA in cancer cells. This approach may lead to durable disease control in a subset of patients with metastatic bladder cancer.
Digital pathology cleared for use in cancer screening programs
A new study funded by NIHR has led to the UK government approving digital pathology for cancer screening samples. This technology enables faster reporting and improved care for patients with bowel, breast, lung, and cervical cancers. The use of digital pathology will help reduce risk of sample loss or damage and allow pathologists to r...
Experts assess promise of vamorolone to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Researchers assess vamorolone's promise in treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy, finding similar efficacy to prednisone but some reduced adverse side effects. However, further investigation is needed on its cost and mechanisms of action.
Suicide and race: Uncovering patterns underlying increasing suicide rates in the USA
Researchers found that the life expectancy of AIAN individuals is seven years less than that of White populations, with rapid increases in suicide mortality rates between 1999 and 2020. The study suggests historical trauma and ongoing inequality contribute to high suicide rates among AIAN people.
Study could pave the way for better diagnosis of rare genetic diseases
A new study using CRISPR technology enables researchers to activate genes in easily accessible cells, providing a potential breakthrough in the diagnosis and understanding of rare genetic diseases. This method could revolutionize the process by enabling faster results within weeks.
#ASC2024: Ethnicity as survival predictor for gastric cancer, early liver retransplantation, risk factors for chemical restraint use among adult trauma patients and more
UCLA surgeons and scientists present research on ethnic predictors of gastric cancer survival, early liver retransplantation and risk factors for chemical restraint use in adult trauma patients. The studies highlight the importance of understanding these factors to improve patient care.
Case report: Lazarus effect in a patient treated with osimertinib for NSCLC with leptomeningeal disease
Researchers report a case of a patient with EGFR L858R mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who experienced durable disease improvement after empirical treatment with osimertinib. The 'Lazarus effect' refers to the phenomenon where cancer appears to recur after seeming to be in remission.
Can genetics affect the need for surgery in patients with thumb osteoarthritis?
Researchers identified 7 genetic variants associated with surgical rhizarthrosis and 3 variants linked to nonsurgical rhizarthrosis. These findings suggest a potential genetic influence on the need for surgery, hinting at biological mechanisms underlying the disease.
Researchers suggest changing gold standard of spine surgery from operative microscope to 3D exoscope
A recent study published in World Neurosurgery found that the use of a 3D exoscope in spinal surgery resulted in more favorable outcomes for patients, including shorter hospital stays and operating room times. The device allows for increased visualization during procedures, leading to fewer errors and better patient outcomes.
Finding the right diagnosis with liver biopsy
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology found that liver biopsy was essential to making the correct diagnosis in over a third of cases. Biopsy was particularly valuable in diagnosing autoimmune hepatitis and was also used to diagnose liver fibrosis more than two-thirds of the time.