Articles tagged with Clinical Research
Researchers develop technology that alleviates retinal pathologies by targeting mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1, which is implicated in the breakdown of blood-retinal barrier and pathological neovascularization. This treatment approach holds great promise for revolutionizing the treatment landscape for ischemic retinopathy.
A recent survey found that 51% of Americans are unaware that heart disease is the leading cause of death in the US. This lack of knowledge can be deadly, with nearly half of adults having some form of cardiovascular disease.
A groundbreaking new book in Chinese bridges the knowledge gap on Mendelian randomization, elevating study quality and enabling local researchers to benefit from its contents. The translation promises to facilitate high-quality studies, equip researchers with reliable results, and advance medical research.
Women following vegan diets during pregnancy may face increased risks of preeclampsia and lower birth weights compared to omnivorous mothers. A recent study found that micronutrient intake was lower among vegans but no major differences were observed when supplements were considered.
Researchers develop nanofibrous matrices containing MXene nanoparticles to aid in muscle regeneration. The study reveals molecular mechanisms behind the effects of MXene nanoparticles on muscle growth, suggesting a promising avenue for treating volumetric muscle loss and muscle-related ailments.
A Michigan Medicine-led study found that patients with functional seizures have a death rate almost 2.5 times higher than expected, comparable to epilepsy and serious mental health conditions. The study highlights the need for improved access to holistic, multidisciplinary treatment for functional neurological disorders.
Researchers found that high levels of FSP1 are associated with relapse after cisplatin treatment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Targeting FSP1 can attenuate tumor stemness and downregulate invasion and metastatic rates, suggesting a potential new approach for treating drug-tolerant persister cancer cells.
A new study published in Neurology found that young Black and Hispanic women with multiple sclerosis face greater challenges in pregnancy, have more advanced disease, and experience higher inflammation levels, which may signal MS progression. The researchers also noted disparities in healthcare access and treatment.
Researchers analyzed LTBR expression levels in various cancers, finding it associated with low patient survival and immune cell infiltration. The study identified LTBR as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy and marker of poor prognosis.
Researchers developed an AI algorithm to monitor patient variables and predict sepsis before symptom onset. The tool resulted in a 17% reduction in mortality rates.
A new study found that only 6% of people with type 2 diabetes achieved diabetes remission solely through weight loss by about eight years after diagnosis. People who initially lost a significant amount of weight in the first year were more likely to achieve sustained remission.
Researchers identify successful treatment of granulomas in the skin with mTOR inhibitor sirolimus, which showed partial complete remission of symptoms in 7 out of 10 patients. The study suggests targeting both immune and non-immune cells in granulomas may prevent recurrence.
A Phase 3 clinical trial found that combining testosterone-blocking drugs prevents cancer spread and extends treatment time in patients with relapsed prostate cancer. The approach is more effective than single-drug treatment in delaying cancer progression.
A new study found that propranolol, a medication for high blood pressure, can lower anxiety levels in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. The study involved 69 patients and showed significantly reduced anxiety levels compared to a placebo group.
Researchers discovered a mutation in the APOA4 gene causing chronic kidney disease by analyzing DNA from affected families. The mutation leads to unstable and aggregated APOA4 protein depositing in the kidney, resulting in progressive kidney disease.
A study found that primary care physicians spent nearly 30 minutes more on EHR tasks between pre-pandemic and final year, with time spent outside of scheduled hours increasing significantly. This growth in EHR workload may contribute to burnout and affect decisions to cut back on clinic time or leave the profession.
Researchers found decreased BMAd density and altered distribution profile in MGUS patients who developed MM, indicating early changes in bone marrow adipose tissue. These findings suggest the potential for timely interventions and personalized treatment strategies.
A new international trial investigated the safety and efficacy of sabatolimab combined with hypomethylating agents in patients with myelodysplastic neoplasms. The study found manageable side effects, but no significant improvement in response rates or progression-free survival.
Gabapentinoid usage has continued to rise in the US, increasing from 4.0% in 2015 to 4.7% in 2021, according to a recent report. The study found that users continue to take these medications despite FDA warnings against combining them with other sedating medications.
Researchers develop compound that reduces size of kidney cysts and improves kidney function in mouse models of ADPKD. The compound, originally designed to treat cancer, works by exploiting kidney cyst cells' vulnerability to oxidative stress.
Researchers identified genetic variants that predict response to treatment for preterm birth, a condition affecting one in 10 infants. High levels of mutations in certain genes are associated with lower response rates, suggesting a precision framework for future drug development.
Researchers found a correlation between cortical gray matter thickness and dementia risk, with thinner ribbons indicating higher risk. The study suggests that this biomarker could be used to identify people at high risk of dementia, potentially allowing for early intervention.
Researchers developed a porous, chitosan-based material that rapidly absorbs blood and activates clotting mechanisms, halting bleeding within minutes. The 'hemostat' offers a more effective alternative to traditional compression methods, which can take over two hours to stop bleeding.
New biomarkers have been discovered to improve the diagnosis and monitoring of lupus nephritis, a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. The study identified six novel urine biomarkers that can detect even low concentrations of proteins in the urine.
The study found that patients had a positive experience obtaining TeleMAB through their primary care health system, citing ease of access, autonomy, and reduced anxiety. This normalizes abortion care within the context of comprehensive primary care, improving access for many people of reproductive age.
A new screening tool helps identify primary care patients with precarious employment, associated with health insurance issues, lower incomes, and greater psychological stress. The tool assesses temporary contracts, job insecurity, and income variability.
A cross-sectional study of over 6,500 adults aged 65+ found that older adults spent an average of 20.7 days per year receiving healthcare outside the home. The 'health care contact days' metric can help evaluate care and identify areas for improvement, such as coordinating tests with visits and reducing Friday office visits.
A recent study found that primary care physicians' electronic health record (EHR) workload has continued to grow, with PCPs spending nearly 30 minutes more on EHR tasks per clinic appointment between 2019 and 2023. This increased burden can lead to burnout and affect their ability to provide adequate care.
A new set of international criteria has been established to diagnose pediatric sepsis and septic shock in children, aiming to improve clinical care and research globally. The Phoenix Sepsis Score of at least 2 can identify potentially life-threatening organ dysfunction in infected children under 18 years old.
A NTU Singapore study found that ageing alters brain cells' communication, leading to weakening connections and poorer memory in middle-aged mice. The research suggests strengthening these connections through memory training may delay age-related working memory decline.
A study led by Amsterdam UMC found that a tailored computerised decision support system reduced high-risk drug combinations and improved patient safety. The system only showed alerts for high-risk or needing extra monitoring, resulting in 12% fewer high-risk drug combinations and shorter ICU stays.
Researchers uncover pivotal aspect of GBS pathophysiology, revealing autoreactive T lymphocytes invade nerve tissue and target myelin. The findings provide novel insights into understanding GBS, opening avenues for targeted therapies for specific subtypes.
A new Northwestern Medicine study found that opioid prescription limits are effective in reducing prescription length when set according to the type of doctor visit. The study, which analyzed data from West Virginia from 2017-2019, showed a significant reduction in prescription lengths for patients in hospital and outpatient settings.
The $20 million SOAR study aims to identify key risk and resiliency factors affecting behavioral health. The research will inform strategies to improve treatment options and patient outcomes in the state of Ohio.
A new exhalation delivery system using fluticasone directly targets the sinuses, reducing symptoms and inflammation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. The system showed significant improvements compared to a placebo, providing hope for non-invasive treatment options.
Researchers at Duke University developed an adaptive deep brain stimulation therapy for Parkinson's disease, targeting two key brain structures and using a novel self-adjusting device. The study found that this approach improved motor symptoms and reduced medication doses in six patients.
Researchers have gained decisive insights into treating bloodstream infections with Staphylococcus aureus, finding that early oral antibiotic therapy is as effective and safe as intravenous standard treatment. This approach enables easier treatment and faster discharge for patients at low risk of developing infectious complications.
A new study found that young adults who reported higher stress as adolescents were more likely to have high blood pressure, obesity, and other cardiometabolic risk factors. This highlights the importance of stress management from an early age to prevent these health issues.
Researchers identified gartisertib as a potent ATR inhibitor that enhances cell death in patient-derived glioblastoma cell lines. The study also showed synergy between gartisertib and TMZ+RT treatment, with higher sensitivity to gartisertib observed in MGMT promoter unmethylated cells.
A new vaccine design has been developed by a UC Riverside-led research team, which uses preexisting immunity to the influenza virus to help kickstart the production of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. The vaccine aims to speed up the immune response and provide better protection for people who still lack immunity to the coronavirus.
A study found that the No Surprises Act's independent dispute resolution (IDR) process would be financially unfeasible for a large portion of out-of-network claims for hospital-based specialties, particularly radiologists. This could undermine patient access to in-network care due to limited bargaining power.
Researchers identified key characteristics associated with improved CAR T outcomes in large B cell lymphoma, including a B-cell gene expression signature and high CD19 protein expression. Patients who received axicabtagene ciloleucel had better event-free survival compared to those receiving standard therapy.
A new study reveals that RNA binding motif protein X-linked (RBMX) plays a crucial role in predicting cancer prognosis and response to immunotherapy. Abnormal expression of RBMX is associated with immune regulation, tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors.
A University of Alberta-led international network is studying very rare adverse events after vaccination, using cutting-edge techniques and unprecedented data from around the world. The goal is to enhance vaccine safety assessment and inform health authorities on the most appropriate type of vaccine for specific outbreak settings.
Researchers found differences in gene expression and cytokines between American Indians, African Americans, and white Americans in colon cancer specimens. These molecular differences may impact the effectiveness of existing colon cancer drugs, particularly for non-white populations.
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition has launched a new article series, Nutrition for the Clinician, aimed at educating physicians and healthcare professionals on the fundamentals of nutrition. The series provides continuing education that enhances clinical reasoning and use of best nutrition evidence in practice.
A multisite clinical trial will evaluate repurposed FDA-approved drugs as treatment options for patients with Rett syndrome, a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder affecting brain development. The study aims to find new therapies to improve the lives of individuals with Rett syndrome, potentially providing multiple treatment options.
A new study published in BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders found that chiropractic spinal manipulation significantly reduces the likelihood of undergoing additional lumbar surgery. Adults who received CSM for sciatica experienced a substantial 45% reduction in lumbar spine reoperation compared to those receiving usual medical care.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science discovered that manipulating polyamines enhances the functional profiles of monoclonal antibodies. The study found that controlling polyamine levels increases IgG galactosylation, leading to improved therapeutic efficacy.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique to visualize the tumor microenvironment of glioblastoma, revealing insights into its pathology. The technique uses PET imaging with Carbon-11 acetate, tracking reactive astrocytes and distinguishing them from tumor cells.
This special issue highlights promising research projects developing scalable digital technology solutions for improved heart and brain health. Smartphone-based assessments and point-of-care echocardiography have shown promise in diverse populations, including those with latent rheumatic heart disease and dementia.
Researchers discuss reductive carboxylation of glutamine as a potential target in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive cancer with poor patient outcomes. The approach aims to weaken tumor cell survival mechanisms, potentially leading to novel therapies and improved patient outcomes.
A systematic review of 95 studies found that 3D camera system estimates, patient self-estimates, and the Lorenz method are accurate for estimating adult body weight. However, no method is foolproof, and alternative strategies should be available when patients are unable to provide an estimate.
Rheumatoid arthritis patients who underwent a single session of aerobic exercise experienced temporary reductions in blood pressure at rest and under stress. The study, conducted at the University of São Paulo, demonstrates the benefits of moderate-intensity walking for cardiovascular management and blood pressure control.
Researchers at Fralin Biomedical Research Institute and Carilion Clinic found that preserving leg vein grafts in heparinized arterial blood, rather than saline, improves their health and viability. This discovery could lead to better outcomes for patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft procedures.
Researchers develop revised scoring system for National Health Service Clinical Impact Awards to address accessibility concerns and improve distinction between levels of excellence. The new system offers a wider range of scores from 0-10, with clear descriptions, and retains pro rating of award values for part-time consultants.
Researchers from MD Anderson Cancer Center reported a case of a patient with an exceptional response to pazopanib treatment for over 5 years. The study shows that pazopanib prevents or delays the progression of additional metastasis in EWSR1-NFATC2 positive sarcomas. Further studies are warranted.
A new study reveals that bacteria associated with gum disease promote COPD through the activation of γδ T cells and M2 macrophages in the immune system. Researchers found that mice infected with periodontitis and COPD had worse progression, highlighting a potential new strategy for treating COPD.
AI models predict patient outcomes with high accuracy within their training data, but their performance deteriorates when used outside the original trial or in different clinical settings. Researchers aim to improve accuracy by examining large patient groups and exploring new data modalities.
A special Journal of Intensive Medicine issue explores the latest research findings on ICU infections, prevention strategies, and innovative approaches to sepsis management. The studies shed light on key challenges and advancements in critical care, highlighting the need for personalized treatment methods.