Articles tagged with Clinical Research
Researchers found that restricting methionine intake via a low-methionine diet or oral administration of recombinant methioninase-producing E. coli reversed old-age-induced obesity in mice, leading to significant weight loss after just 14 days.
Scientists at the University of Cambridge identified a signature in the blood that could predict how well an individual responds to vaccines. They found that those with higher levels of age-associated B cells are less effective after vaccination.
Researchers developed a risk calculator using persistent homology scores from CT scans, which is the strongest predictor of overall survival among standard clinical measures. The calculator has the potential to guide clinicians in choosing treatment options and transform the way outcomes are predicted.
A new study has identified a neural signature in the rostro-medial prefrontal cortex that may be linked to Borderline Personality Disorder. Individuals with BPD exhibit reduced activity in this region when rejected, suggesting a hypersensitivity to social rejection. This finding could help develop targeted therapies for the disorder.
Researchers at DTU Health Tech created a multi-levelled scaffold that enables near-perfect bone healing in just eight weeks, without using growth factors or endocrine factors and cells. The scaffold combines essential bone minerals with mechanical properties matching human bone compressive strength.
A 12-year study by Pennington Biomedical researchers found that metabolic surgery provides better results, less regression, compared to medical or lifestyle intervention for patients with class 1 obesity. The study showed significant improvements in glycemic control and weight loss, with high rates of diabetes remission.
The Martin/Hopkins method has been shown to accurately calculate LDL cholesterol levels in over 89% of patients, surpassing other available equations. This method is particularly beneficial for identifying patients at higher risk of heart disease and strokes.
A new study found that higher doses of oral semaglutide improved regulation of blood sugar levels and weight loss compared to lower doses. Participants who received the 25mg and 50mg doses lost an average of 17.5 pounds, nearly twice as much weight loss as those who took the lowest dose.
A new global study published in the leading cancer journal finds that funding for cancer patient navigators improves medical outcomes, increases screening rates, and reduces healthcare costs. Navigators provide personalized care, support patients with diagnosis, treatment options, and relevant medical information.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have engineered a new model of aggressive renal cell carcinoma, highlighting molecular targets and genomic events that trigger chromosomal instability. The loss of interferon receptor genes plays a pivotal role in allowing cancer cells to become tolerant of chromosomal instability.
A randomized controlled trial found that time-restricted eating produced similar weight loss results to traditional calorie counting in a racially diverse population of adults with obesity. Participants who engaged in 8-hour time-restricted eating had improved insulin sensitivity compared to those in the control group.
A study found that more than 40% of women who froze their eggs in their 30s were able to have babies when they returned to the fertility clinic. However, many didn't return or used other fertility treatments. Women who used frozen eggs had a lower miscarriage rate compared to those using fresh eggs.
Researchers have identified a potential new drug that improves both liver fibrosis and inflammation in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The drug, Pegozafermin, mimics the body's natural hormone FGF21, controlling energy use and lipid metabolism in the liver.
The study investigates the effects of DPDT on human colon cancer HCT116 cells and non-tumorigenic MRC5 fibroblasts. The results show that DPDT preferentially targets HCT116 cells, inducing apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest, likely through DNA topoisomerase I poisoning.
A University of Arizona professor has developed a 1-minute frailty testing platform to screen patients for frailty, enabling better care decisions. The platform measures motor, heart, and brain function using wearable sensors, providing an accurate diagnosis.
Researchers at Aarhus University have discovered a new method to activate the complement system using bispecific single-domain antibodies, termed BiCEs. These molecules can specifically target cancer cells and activate the complement system, leading to the killing of targeted cancer cells.
Researchers at the University of Malaga develop a new therapy using manual techniques and stretching to reduce pain and improve mobility in women with axillary web syndrome after breast cancer. The therapy, consisting of 15 sessions, has shown significant results in reducing evolution time of lymphatic thrombi.
The TCT MedTech Innovation Forum brings together clinicians, entrepreneurs, and industry stakeholders to identify clinical challenges and uncover opportunities for innovation in cardiovascular care. The forum features three comprehensive tracks addressing stakeholder interests and explores the role of digital health care dynamics.
A new study examining brain tissue from 631 former football players found that the cumulative force of hits, not just the number of concussions, was the strongest predictor of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The study suggests that reducing the force and frequency of head impacts could help prevent CTE in athletes.
Cartesian Therapeutics has successfully treated patients with generalized myasthenia gravis using an RNA CAR-T therapy. The trial demonstrated marked and long-lasting clinical improvement, with three patients achieving complete or near-complete eradication of disease symptoms.
Researchers at MedUni Vienna's Department of Thoracic Surgery have made key findings in small-cell lung cancer, including the identification of tumor subgroups associated with varying clinical behaviors. They also propose promising therapeutic strategies for patients with characteristic molecular profiles.
The study found a decreasing trend in the global TBL cancer burden from 1990 to 2019, but regional variations persisted. The burden was highest in upper-middle-income countries and lowest in high-income countries.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University have developed an innovative gene therapy that shows promise in treating Dravet syndrome, a severe developmental epilepsy affecting children. The treatment was found to be effective in improving epilepsy, protecting against early death, and enhancing cognitive abilities.
Researchers developed a new tool called Orion that integrates histologic and molecular information to improve cancer diagnosis and treatment. The tool uses a digital imaging platform to analyze tumor samples, identifying biomarkers that predict patient outcomes.
Researchers have developed a new standard for preventing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after stem cell transplant, showing improved efficacy and reduced side effects compared to the current gold standard. The new regimen achieved higher rates of patient survival without GVHD complications, making it a more effective option for patie...
A new study by UC San Francisco found that California's emergency department capacity has not kept up with patient demand, leading to long wait times. The number of high-severity visits increased by nearly 68 percent, while low-severity visits declined by 63 percent.
The study found that preferential use of pulmonary MRA for diagnosing PE in the general population helped conserve iodinated contrast media. This substitution reduced iodine usage by approximately 27 liters during the specified time period, which is a noteworthy benefit considering the shortage's impact.
A preclinical study has uncovered the role of Y chromosome gene KDM5D in regulating anti-tumor immune responses and promoting metastasis in male patients with KRAS-mutated colorectal cancer. The study reveals that mutant KRAS drives upregulation of KDM5D, leading to reduced cell adhesion and immune recognition by the immune system.
Researchers found that treatment with tranexamic acid (TXA) is associated with a decreased incidence of heterotopic ossification (HO), a common complication of abnormal bone formation. The study showed a significant reduction in HO risk, with an odds ratio of 0.49 and a 50% lower risk compared to patients not receiving TXA.
Researchers at the University of Washington created an app called FeverPhone that uses existing phone sensors and screens to estimate whether people have fevers. The app was tested on 37 patients in an emergency department and showed accuracy comparable to consumer thermometers, with potential for early intervention in viral outbreaks.
A case series study demonstrated that a whole-food, plant-predominant dietary pattern and standard medical treatment can successfully achieve type 2 diabetes remission in 37 percent of patients. The study contributes novel information on the feasibility of achieving remission simply by eating healthy food.
Recent studies in the New Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis feature novel diagnostic tools, RNA sequencing-based workflows, and mechanical property evaluations to enhance cancer and cardiovascular disease treatment outcomes. These innovations aim to improve the therapeutic effect of drugs and promote personalized medicine.
Researchers discuss the potential of glucocorticoid-induced TNFR-related protein (GITR) as a target for cancer immunotherapy. Preclinical studies have shown potent anti-tumor efficacy, but clinical trials have yielded inconsistent results due to complexities in immune responses and antibody structure.
Researchers found that loss of the Y chromosome in bladder cancer cells allows them to evade the immune system, leading to aggressive growth. However, this loss also renders the disease more responsive to a standard treatment called immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have discovered a DNA molecule that folds into a four-way junction structure, allowing it to mimic the activity of green fluorescent protein (GFP). This breakthrough could lead to the development of new DNA-based fluorescent tags for rapid-diagnostic tests and various scientific applications.
A Brazilian study compared treatments for idiopathic and refractory tinnitus, finding low-level laser therapy with photobiomodulation to be the most effective. The treatment had lasting therapeutic effects when combined with other therapies.
New research suggests optogenetics could restore regular heart rhythm without shocks, improving prognosis and quality of life for AF patients. Light therapy has shown promising results in rats, indicating potential translatability to humans.
Researchers identified 756 patients with rare forms of spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA), revealing diverse disease manifestations and symptoms. The study highlights the importance of sequencing the genome to improve diagnosis and treatment for these previously underdiagnosed cases.
A study found that exposure to events against moral values and lack of confidence about raising safety concerns significantly contributed to staff distress. One-in-ten healthcare workers reported experiencing suicidal thoughts six months after completing a survey.
A second-generation all-inside meniscal repair system demonstrates a high successful repair rate of 84-88% at 10 years, with low failure rates and no correlation to patient characteristics or surgical techniques. Patient-reported outcomes improve after meniscal repair and ACL reconstruction.
A new analysis reveals that a high proportion of essential medicines are not registered in Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda, limiting their availability. The study found that up to 90% of certain medicine types were unregistered, while only 46% of highly registered antibiotics were essential medicines.
Researchers have shed light on the optimal use of intravenous fluids to treat sepsis, a life-threatening condition that affects nearly a third of ICU patients. The review provides critical insights into dosage and timing of fluids to improve treatment outcomes and reduce mortality.
Leading researchers discuss challenges associated with return to school for children and adolescents with TBI, highlighting the need for improved educator training and communication. Strategies for improving quality of life and outcomes are recommended by experts in this themed issue.
Widespread newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) has increased the five-year survival rate from 73% to 87%, with 92.5% of children surviving five years or more after treatment. The study, led by NIAID, demonstrates that early identification and prompt treatment have saved countless lives.
A randomized phase II study found that adding metformin to androgen deprivation therapy did not reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome or improve PSA response in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Metformin showed some antitumor effects through mTOR inhibition, but these were not significant.
A study found that exposure to air pollution increased the risk of contracting Covid-19, being hospitalized, and dying from the disease. Long-term exposure to pollutants even at levels below EU limits was associated with a higher burden on healthcare systems.
The study analyzed data from 15 hospitals nationwide and found that nearly half of patients with symptomatic severe AS received transcatheter aortic valve replacement, while about 36% did not receive any treatment. The program aims to address healthcare disparities in AS care by identifying best practices for treating the disease.
Researchers have developed a new method to control the movement of individual DNA molecules through a nanopore, allowing for higher accuracy in sequencing and analysis. This breakthrough has the potential to improve diagnostic and sequencing applications, including peptide sequencing.
Researchers found female babies with CDH have a 32% higher risk of dying within 30 to 60 days of birth compared to males. The study, using medical records from an international registry, suggests that lower birth weights for females may be linked to the disparity in survival rates.
Researchers discovered a probiotic that can convert toxic mercury into less harmful forms, reducing neurological damage and improving iron absorption. The probiotic uses genes from a resistant bacteria to detoxify methylmercury, a neurotoxin found in fish-based diets.
Researchers found a significant increase in Candida auris bloodstream infections between 2021 and 2023, rising from 0.014% to 0.057%. The discovery highlights the ongoing challenge of antimicrobial-resistant C. auris and emphasizes the need for continued public health interventions.
Researchers found commercially available antifungal tests perform inadequately in identifying Candida auris susceptibility to various treatments. The findings highlight the need for improved testing methods to aid clinical decisions and improve patient care.
A recent study published in Behavioral Sciences demonstrates the effectiveness of ACQUIRE Therapy in improving functional outcomes for children with various motor impairments. The framework provides a standardized approach to intensive therapy, emphasizing the importance of therapists' dynamic awareness and adaptability.
A clinical trial found that benralizumab effectively depleted eosinophils, but it did not alleviate symptoms or improve gut tissue health in patients with eosinophilic gastritis. The study's findings suggest a new therapeutic target for eosinophilic gastrointestinal diseases and highlight the need to reconsider remission definitions.
A study by CNIO Breast Cancer Clinical Research Unit shows that genomic sequencing panels are beneficial in 5% of patients, increasing treatment efficacy and patient survival. The use of these panels is recommended for patients with metastatic lung, colon, or melanoma cancer, or those participating in clinical trials.
Researchers have found that microglial cells in the brain can serve as a stable viral reservoir for latent HIV. This discovery provides new insights into how to target and eradicate the virus, particularly in the brain or peripheral blood.
Researchers found a significant correlation between vitreous humor biomarkers and pathologically confirmed cases of Alzheimer's disease and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy. Biomarkers in the vitreous humor may serve as a proxy for neuropathological disease, offering potential early diagnosis and prognostication.
The June issue of CHEST features 49 articles on clinically relevant topics, including asthma, COPD, and critical care. The journal offers web and multimedia resources to expand the reach of its research.
A study by Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg found a link between high levels of IGF2BP2 and faster-growing bowel cancer tumours with chemotherapy resistance. The protein's role in cell growth and metabolism may lead to the development of new diagnostic procedures and therapeutic strategies.
A review of studies found that reducing meal frequency and cutting out late-night snacks can improve insulin resistance, brain health, and glycemic control. This approach may also help regulate appetite hormones and reduce calorie intake, ultimately staving off obesity and metabolic disorders.