Articles tagged with Discovery Research
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent study identified the NF-YA3b gene as a critical regulator of flowering time in tomatoes. The gene's role was confirmed through CRISPR/Cas9 technology, which showed that knocking out or overexpressing SlNF-YA3b delayed or accelerated flowering, respectively.
Researchers discovered that phage viruses have weaponized mobile introns to sabotage competing viruses' reproduction. This finding has significant implications for understanding the evolution of genomes and developing effective phage therapy against antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Researchers at the Francis Crick Institute have mapped all possible outcomes of changes to the tumour-suppressing VHL gene, enabling clinicians to predict cancer-causing variants with 100% accuracy. The study also found that faulty VHL mutations can increase the risk of kidney cancer and may benefit from belutifan treatment.
Researchers have discovered a new diagnostic method for PSP by analyzing protein biomarkers in spinal fluid, which could lead to earlier diagnosis and targeted therapies. The high-throughput technology allows for the measurement of thousands of proteins in a tiny drop of fluid, providing a promising solution for identifying the condition.
Research reveals that neurons expressing estrogen receptor 1 (LS Esr1) in the lateral septum are crucial for reward-seeking and methamphetamine addiction. Targeting these neurons and HCN1 channels may be a promising strategy for treating drug addiction.
Researchers have discovered that the Greenland shark's metabolism remains unaltered over time, suggesting a key role in its exceptional longevity of at least 270 years. The study also found that metabolic enzymes were more active at higher temperatures, challenging previous assumptions about the species' adaptation to cold environments.
A new theory deciphered the physical mechanisms of fracture in soft materials, revealing an elastic instability that breaks symmetry. This discovery aims to create more resistant and durable materials with a positive environmental impact.
Researchers at the University of Alberta discovered a critical link between the heart and brain in KBG syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder. The study found that mutations in the ANKRD11 gene impact both brain development and heart defects.
A new editorial paper discusses molecular and cytogenetic analyses used to identify distinct subtypes of acute myeloid leukemias (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Researchers found that around 15% of AML cases remain genetically unclassifiable, emphasizing the need for further research.
African American woman breast cancer survivor talking about her experience with breast cancer and the impact of breast cancer on women's lives. The American Cancer Society is a leading organization in cancer research, patient services, and advocacy.
A study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases found that regular booster doses of bivalent vaccines can maintain a person's ability to neutralize multiple SARS-CoV-2 strains, including XBB.1.5. This is especially important for immunocompromised groups, such as solid organ transplant recipients.
A study reveals that wounding stress boosts anthocyanin defenses in grapes through the transcription factor VvWRKY5, which interacts with VvMYBA1 to enhance anthocyanin biosynthesis. This discovery provides insights into genetic control of plant defense systems and could lead to more resilient crops.
The University of Texas at Arlington's Junha Jeon is developing transition metal-free cross-coupling technologies using arynes to deliver medications safely and effectively. This project aims to improve the production of drugs, particularly for cancer treatment, by reducing impurities left behind by metals.
Researchers discovered that deep-sea 'comb jellies' called ctenophores have a unique adaptation in their cellular membrane that enables them to survive at high pressure. This finding may inform what's known about the human body, particularly how a specific lipid called plasmalogen works in nerve cells.
A study published in PNAS reveals that ETV5 enhances the expression of osteopontin, leading to the differentiation of T cells into follicular helper cells. In SLE patients, disease activity is proportional to ETV5 and osteopontin levels, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for treating lupus.
A new study published in Nature Metabolism found that daily fluctuations in the gut microbiome alter its composition significantly throughout the day. The researchers propose standardized guidelines for consistency in sample collection times and methodology to address the replicability crisis in microbiome research.
A new species of Ecuadorian velvet worm, Oroperipatus tiputini, has been described after over 100 years, expanding knowledge of these rare animals. The discovery highlights the importance of biodiversity conservation efforts in the Yasuní Biosphere Reserve.
Researchers at UCSF have discovered a way to turn ordinary white fat cells into beige fat cells that burn calories, opening the door to developing new weight-loss drugs. The approach uses a protein called KLF-15 and may avoid side effects associated with current treatments.
Researchers develop a method that fuses AlphaFold's strengths with computer simulations based on physics laws to predict protein structures, enabling faster drug development. The approach filters down initial hypotheses to a more manageable set of structures, increasing the effectiveness of pharmaceuticals.
Researchers have discovered a nickel-cobalt-manganese-indium magnetic shape-memory alloy that can store and release heat through the magnetocaloric effect. The material's behavior near ferroic glassy states has implications for thermal properties and tunable properties.
Researchers discovered adaptations in metabolism and swimming abilities that enable fish to survive extreme temperatures in the Arabian Gulf. The study challenges prevailing views on the 'shrinking of fishes phenomenon' and proposes a new theory on energy balance and survival.
A team of researchers from the University of Southern Denmark has discovered a mechanism that reduces the formation of biofilm on the surface of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a bacterium commonly found in hospitals and resistant to most antibiotics. The biofilm-reducing system is naturally stimulated by cell wall stress, and its discovery of...
A new American Heart Association scientific statement highlights the benefits of palliative care in managing symptoms and improving quality of life for people with cardiovascular disease. Palliative care complements standard cardiovascular care by reducing physical symptoms, emotional distress, and assisting patients in making decision...
A recent study published by American Society for Nutrition found that paternal fish oil supplementation can lead to lower body weight and improved metabolic health in offspring. Researchers gave male mice a high-fat diet with or without added fish oil, then mated them with female mice on a healthy low-fat diet.
A new mouse study suggests that elenolic acid can lower blood sugar levels and promote weight loss in obese mice with diabetes. The compound was found to induce the release of metabolic hormones GLP-1 and PYY, leading to improved glucose regulation and insulin sensitivity.
Research by a University of Virginia undergraduate may help explain recurrent Crohn’s disease in children and open the door to new ways to treat or even cure the devastating condition. Children with relapsing Crohn’s had persistent disruptions of their microbiomes even after inflammation was successfully controlled.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have identified cellular and molecular markers that can predict when pancreatic cancer will spread to the liver or other organs. The study found that patients with early-stage pancreatic cancer who showed signs of immune exhaustion were more likely to develop liver metastases.
Scientists have discovered tiny, bright objects in the early universe that are packed with hundreds of millions of years old stars, defying conventional thinking about galaxy evolution. The objects also harbor surprisingly large supermassive black holes, estimated to be 100 to 1,000 times more massive than our Milky Way's black hole.
Researchers from Aarhus University have discovered that combining a cancer-fighting viral agent with the drug 4-Octyl-Itaconate (4-OI) enhances its effectiveness in treating resistant cancers. This groundbreaking finding may lead to new treatment options for previously incurable diseases.
Researchers at USC Keck School of Medicine discovered that a low-salt diet can stimulate kidney regeneration and repair in mice by targeting the macula densa region. This finding holds promise for developing a new therapeutic approach to treat chronic kidney disease, which affects millions worldwide.
A recent study by University of Essex researchers found that only 4% of talented teen football academy prospects make it to the top tier of professional football. The study also revealed that players who succeeded excelled in self-confidence, ball reception skills, and dribbling.
Physicists at the University of Cologne have discovered that magnetic elementary excitations in BaCo2V2O8 crystals are bound by both attractive and repulsive interactions. The study found that repulsively bound states, which were unexpected due to their lower stability, can exist in these materials.
Researchers have identified a genetic mutation in peach trees that governs the timing of flowering, enabling late-flowering fruit varieties to evade spring frosts. This breakthrough could transform breeding practices and bolster crop yields and farmer livelihoods.
A team at Stanford University has developed a DIY lab platform that can evaluate dozens of chemotaxis samples in minutes, allowing for rapid discovery of promising new molecules. The platform uses an off-the-shelf flatbed scanner and can prep 20 plates at a time, performing 80 chemical assays in about an hour.
A CHARMed collaboration has created a set of molecular tools called CHARMs that can turn off disease-causing genes, including those coding for the prion protein. The tools have shown promise in silencing the prion protein gene and improving or eliminating disease symptoms in animals.
Researchers at UNIST developed zeolitic imidazolate frameworks that mimic intricate machines, exhibiting precise control over nanoscale mechanical movements. The discovery has significant implications for applications in data storage, digital technology, and beyond.
Researchers developed a reliable marker for monocytes and dendritic cells, enabling clear identification and separation of different sample types. The new method unlocks exciting possibilities for cell isolation and quantification in diagnosing and monitoring various conditions.
Researchers uncover dark particles and lighter components with stones, suggesting asteroids played a key role in delivering water and life to Earth. The samples also contain unexpected minerals, offering insights into Bennu's evolution and the early solar system.
Scientists at IOCB Prague have developed two new types of catalytic DNA molecules that can reveal target molecule presence through fluorescence or color. The research uses directed evolution to discover novel fluorescent and colorimetric deoxyribozymes, with potential applications in diagnostic tests.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine discovered that before committing to cell division, cells may stay in a reversible intermediate state for many hours, potentially up to a day. This pre-commitment state allows cells to sense and integrate fluctuating input signals, reducing the chance of inappropriate division.
Researchers at Cornell University have used a combination of almond analysis, pottery dating, and radiocarbon dating to determine the Kyrenia shipwreck's age. The team estimated that the ship sank between 296-271 BCE, with a strong probability it occurred between 286-272 BCE.
Neuroscientists have identified a region of the brain that regulates escape behavior in mice, revealing its role in anxiety and PTSD. The study found that inhibitory neurons can be turned up or down to control sensitivity to threats.
Researchers identified a kissing bug in Delaware with the Chagas disease-causing parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. Entomologists confirmed the insect's presence and found it was infected with the parasite, which can lead to serious heart problems if left untreated.
A new study published in Science Advances documents the first case of Down syndrome in Neandertals, named 'Tina', and reveals that they provided extensive care for a young child with severe hearing loss. The discovery sheds light on the existence of true altruism among Neandertals.
Researchers from PSI and ETH Zurich studied connexin-36 gap junction channels and found that antimalarial drug mefloquine binds to the channels, potentially explaining its severe side effects. The study provides new insights into how drugs interact with connexins and may lead to the development of therapies for neurological diseases.
The study reveals that supergranules, a flow structure in the sun's interior, challenge standard theories of solar convection. Researchers discovered that downflows appear weaker than upflows, suggesting an unseen component that could be small-scale plumes transporting cooler plasma into the sun's interior.
The FRONTIERS Science Journalism Initiative offers a residency program for journalists to develop independent journalism while working with scientists at the forefront of knowledge. Seven journalists from around the globe were selected for the first round and will receive Frontiers Residencies in various EU countries.
A new biomarker has been discovered that can help predict which patients with clear cell renal cancer are at higher risk of recurrence. The 15-gene signature was found to be independently associated with worse disease-free survival and disease-specific survival in two large validation datasets.
Scientists discovered that synthesis methods can alter calcite crystals' internal structure, affecting its reactivity and properties. This discovery has implications for long-term carbon storage and the development of durable materials.
The Collaborative Ethics model, developed by Jeantine Lunshof and Julia Rijssenbeek, aims to address ethical implications of emerging technologies from fundamental discoveries. By integrating philosophical and ethical reassessment into research processes, the model facilitates decision points for researchers and ethicists.
Researchers found raw material demand for electric vehicles will nearly double by 2050 if current trends continue. Implementing circular economy strategies such as ride-sharing, recycling, and solid-state batteries can halve resource demand or maintain it at 2015 levels.
The American Federation for Aging Research (AFAR) has received renewed funding of $4,626,500 from the McKnight Brain Research Foundation to support scientists pursuing groundbreaking studies in cognitive aging. The funding will support high-risk/high-gain research proposals that may yield transformative discoveries.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin have discovered a novel method for forming bastnåsite, a crucial mineral in extracting rare earth elements. The study reveals that fluocerite can act as a 'seed' to promote the rapid formation of bastnåsite, with significant implications for efficient and cost-effective extraction methods.
Research by Lancaster University found that people in higher social grades, including corporate world and education sectors, are adopting each other's speech patterns to be more inclusive. This 'resonance' has increased over the past 20 years, particularly among those with high social status.
A study analyzing data from 6,010 English practices between 2018 and 2022 found that the national average dropped from 29.3% to 19% of patients able to see a preferred doctor. Practices with more doctors and higher same-day appointment rates showed slower declines in continuity.
A new study published in GEN Biotechnology describes the establishment of a 3D hydrogel-based platform for producing functional T-cells from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The platform was engineered with key thymic components to direct T-cell development, producing cytokine-producing T-cells.
The RENEW system, launched in 2022, uses new research discoveries to pinpoint genetic variants causing rare diseases. Researchers successfully diagnosed 63 patients out of 1,066 undiagnosed cases with an average diagnosis time of 20 seconds.
A new version of the OPTIMADE standard enables easier access to large materials databases, facilitating AI modeling and prediction of material properties. The international collaboration involves over 30 institutions worldwide, aiming to advance materials research and development.
The ARMMS-T2D study found that bariatric surgery yields greater long-term improvements in quality-of-life compared to medical management, with sustained weight loss correlating with better health and reduced pain.
Researchers have discovered unusual transport phenomena in ultra-clean SrVO3 samples, contradicting long-standing scientific consensus. The study's findings challenge theoretical models of electron correlation effects and offer insights into the behavior of transparent metals.