Articles tagged with Discovery Research
A recent report from a joint effort between researchers and experts has provided guidelines for defining the quality of uncultivated virus genomes. The new standards aim to improve the analysis and characterization of these viruses, which are increasingly being identified through genome sequencing and analyses.
Researchers have discovered the oldest known plant virus, a 1,000-year-old virus from ancient corncobs at an Ancestral Puebloan ruin in Arizona. The discovery reveals that chrysoviruses can persist in plants for long periods and may confer potential benefits to the plant.
SourceData from EMBO is an open platform that makes research data directly searchable, while BioStudies aggregates the data files linked to a specific publication or project. This integrated workflow enables authors to make their published data openly accessible and easy to find.
A new study by MIT researchers finds that compiling massive, anonymized datasets about people's movement patterns can make it easier to discern users' identities. The study shows how merging different types of location-stamped data can lead to a high matchability success rate, increasing the possibility of deanonymizing real user data.
A team of researchers from the RI-MUHC discovered a new human disease called combined immunoficiency (CID) and its genetic cause ICOSLG. The disease is characterized by a weakened immune system, making patients susceptible to recurrent life-threatening infections.
A recent paper by Insilico Medicine introduces deep learning for aging research, revealing age as a key biological feature that can be predicted using various data types. The study also outlines the potential applications of this technology, including personalized immunotherapies and vaccinations.
A survey of 800 adults undergoing bariatric surgery found that patients prioritize expected out-of-pocket costs and weight loss potential. This approach may differ from the procedure's related risks or recovery time. The study suggests healthcare providers should discuss cost with patients to ensure informed decision-making.
Researchers at Uppsala University discovered a new species of gigantic dicynodont, Lisowicia bojani, in Poland. The species is estimated to be around 4.5 meters long, 2.6 meters high, and weigh 9 tons, making it the largest non-dinosaurian terrestrial tetrapod from the Triassic period.
Researchers have discovered a way to make paper supercapacitors that can bend, fold, flex and still hold electricity. These new supercapacitors have vast potential applications, including medical implants, wearable tech, and novel energy storage solutions.
A new study from Michigan State University and Johns Hopkins University found that more than half of recent healthcare data breaches were caused by internal negligence, rather than external hackers. The research identified six common categories of internal factors contributing to these breaches.
Researchers discovered vitamin D is essential for embryonic development and dormancy in fish, a trait conserved across species. This finding could lead to better understanding of dormancy mechanisms and their applications in human health.
Researchers warn that current research models and regulation are blocking human-focused approaches to drug discovery. The UK has world-leading research in this area, but significant investment is taking place in the US and Europe.
Terrence F. Alger II, a leading researcher at Southwest Research Institute, has been awarded the 2019 Edith and Peter O'Donnell Award in Technology Innovation for his groundbreaking work on vehicle engines. His Dedicated Exhaust Gas Recirculation technology improves fuel economy by up to 15% while reducing engine-out emissions.
Researchers found that a large percentage of violent injuries treated in emergency departments are from incidents unknown to law enforcement. Combining hospital and police data can provide a more complete picture of violence, highlighting the need for improved reporting and tracking.
A recent UK-wide study found that solar panels experience a 25% power loss due to hot spots, which are more prevalent in Northern England. Hotspots were found to be caused by localized temperature increases and can lead to permanent damage.
The 2018 Glenn Foundation for Medical Research and AFAR Research Grant for Junior Faculty has awarded $1,200,000 to twelve researchers studying aging processes and age-related diseases. The grants will support research focused on mechanisms of biology governing normal human aging and its related physiological decline.
Chemists at Friedrich Schiller University Jena have discovered a previously unknown metabolic pathway in plankton that produces a key compound in the global sulfur cycle. This finding provides valuable information about the earth's sulfur cycle and has important implications for atmospheric and climatic models.
A recent study published in Journal of Physical Activity and Health found that only 3.2% of Year Five children (aged nine or ten) met the recommended daily physical activity target of 60 minutes, with even lower levels among girls. This suggests that previous studies may have overestimated the prevalence of children meeting the recomme...
Researchers analyzed data from the BP Gulf Science Data and found no correlation between subsea dispersants and deep plume formation, showing substantial amounts of oil continued to surface. The study suggests alternative strategies such as the 'capping stack' method and bio-surfactants may be more effective in managing blowouts.
A study analyzing US death rates over 37 years reveals that young men are more likely to die in the summer, while older people remain more likely to die in winter, regardless of regional climate. The seasonal patterns were independent of geography, with similar trends observed across diverse climates.
A study by the Society for Consumer Psychology reveals that people generally assume silent group members share their own opinions, even when outnumbered. This 'mirror effect' could lead leaders to misinterpret group consensus and quiet individuals to inaccurately agree with dominant views.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University have cracked the chemical mechanism to produce hydrogen fuel from water using solar power, enabling a more efficient and environmentally friendly process. This breakthrough could significantly impact efforts to replace carbon-based fuels with hydrogen fuels.
Researchers have developed a new method to identify outliers in air quality monitoring data, which can automatically flag erroneous data and improve forecasting accuracy. The method uses probability of residuals to discriminate outliers, allowing for simultaneous evaluation of spatial and temporal consistencies.
Astronomers have discovered that fast radio bursts, which are exceptionally bright flashes of energy coming from deep space, do not emit at low frequencies. The Murchison Widefield Array and Australian SKA Pathfinder telescopes were synchronized to observe the same point in the sky, allowing researchers to capture the same view and gai...
A joint research team used materials informatics to identify two new superconducting materials, SnBi2Se4 and PbBi2Te4. The newly developed method efficiently explored new materials with desirable properties, including superb thermoelectric properties.
Researchers found that ecolabelling had no impact on consumer choices for sustainable seafood, instead leading to increased overall seafood sales. Social norms and price played a significant role in purchasing decisions.
Scientists at the University of Tsukuba have identified a potential alternative strategy for treating insomnia by targeting adenosine A2A receptors. The study found that enhancing endogenous adenosine A2A receptor signaling induces slow-wave sleep without affecting body temperature and cardiovascular function.
The SwRI team developed a fuel-saving orbital tour for a future Pluto orbiter, allowing it to explore the Kuiper Belt after surveying Pluto. The study also demonstrates an electric propulsion system can power the orbiter to fly to other Kuiper Belt objects.
Researchers discovered that 80% of adult remains showed evidence of tooth decay and over half were missing teeth. The study found pipe smoking marks on many of the skeletons, suggesting that smoking was a major contributing factor to poor oral health in this population.
A new type of protein complex has been discovered in human cells, which attaches to its surroundings and plays a key role in cell division. This discovery challenges current knowledge of cell division and may provide answers to an unanswered question about how cells remain attached to the matrix during division.
Researchers discovered that coated nanoparticles can form sticky structures when interacting with living organisms, leading to new properties and potential impact on cells. The study's findings may help scientists engineer nanoparticles that are 'benign by design', reducing environmental and health risks associated with nanomaterials.
A team of school students from Eltham Hill School successfully identified ultra-low frequency sounds caused by a solar storm in the Earth's magnetic shield. The study made data audible for exploration, revealing new patterns and commonality among these waves.
Researchers have developed a new file format for functional genomics data that enables data sharing while protecting personal information of research participants. The format reduces leakage and promotes collaboration in the field.
A recent National Academies report on returning individual research results to participants makes recommendations that create major new roadblocks to data sharing and would roll back important privacy protections. The report's findings highlight the need for transparency and respect for participants' rights, rather than building barriers.
Researchers at Indiana University discovered that requiring longer and more complicated passwords significantly lowers the risk of password reuse. The study analyzed password policies from 22 US universities and found that IU's policy resulted in a 99.98% low rate of password reuse.
Researchers from the University of California, Irvine have discovered that two components of the Mallotus leaf extract activate KCNQ2/3 potassium ion channels, essential for controlling electrical activity in the brain. The combination of these compounds is highly effective at preventing life-threatening seizures.
Researchers discovered a micropeptide called DWORF that restores normal heart function in mice by enhancing SERCA activity and preventing calcium dysregulation. The study shows that DWORF can prevent the functional and structural effects of cardiomyopathy, making it a promising new gene therapy target for treating heart failure.
The University of Montana has been awarded a $10 million contract to develop a universal flu vaccine. The project aims to improve both seasonal and pandemic flu vaccines by utilizing a synthetic dual-TLR adjuvant combination system called TRAC-478.
An interdisciplinary team of researchers at Arizona State University discovered that living organisms exist in a middle ground of criticality, balancing between robustness and adaptability. The study found that all 67 biological networks shared a special property: they existed in between two extremes, neither too stable nor unstable.
The International Journal of Molecular Sciences has released a special issue to commemorate Zijian Xie's 20-year-old discovery of the scaffolding/signaling function of the Na/K-ATPase sodium pump. This significant finding has had tremendous applications in biology and medicine.
A collection of JAMA articles explores the intersection of race, ancestry, and medical research, highlighting historical context and current challenges. The studies reveal the importance of accurately representing diverse populations in medical journals.
A team from Lehigh University and UC Berkeley is developing an efficient Bayesian-guided computational framework to guide the search for new materials. This approach leverages deep learning neural networks to accelerate traditional physics-based simulation methods, enabling researchers to explore previously computationally intractable ...
Researchers at GC/CUNY have made a major breakthrough in controlling the 3D structure of molecules, enabling the rapid modification of molecular structures used in drug discovery. This new process offers tremendous promise for developing novel drug molecules with medicinal or industrial applications.
Subtle changes in protein regulation can cause severe face and brain developmental abnormalities, highlighting the importance of striking a healthy balance between too little and too much cell death. The study suggests that excessive or inadequate cell death during embryonic development can lead to devastating birth defects or cancer.
Researchers found that combining electronic health records with traditional surveillance data improves flu season forecasting accuracy. The most predictive data sets came from the CDC's ILINet and clinical lab data, which were combined with athenahealth's data for improved results.
Researchers at STRI and CIMAR discovered a new blood-red octocoral species, T. dalioi, on Hannibal Bank, highlighting the importance of mesophotic reefs and coral conservation. The study's findings have potential applications in medicine, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.
A joint research team from Germany, Austria, and Denmark is developing a new cloud infrastructure to secure patient data, giving patients control over their own data. The system will enable hospitals to share learned representations without transferring sensitive data, improving data sharing and collaboration among institutions.
A team of researchers from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center made important discoveries about the genetics of mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL), a rare blood cancer with features of both myeloid and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Researchers found that clots have different compositions and administering tPA can be as effective as thrombectomy given sufficient time. The study involved nearly 600 patients across five countries and provided definitive evidence on the value of giving patients tPA.
Researchers from Singapore University of Technology and Design have resolved a major mystery in 2D material Schottky diodes by employing a rigorous theoretical analysis. A new theory describes different variants under a unifying framework, laying down a foundation to unite prior contrasting models.
A team of researchers discovered that nearly 90% of professionals in science, art, and film have at least one hot streak, with some having multiple. Despite no detectable change in productivity during hot streaks, their outputs are significantly better than the median.
A new study found that 37% of adult smokers who tried vaping blu products completely switched to vaping after 90 days. The study also showed a significant reduction in daily smoking and cigarettes per day.
The NSF Institute for Research and Innovation in Software for High-Energy Physics (IRIS-HEP) will tackle the unprecedented data challenges from the HL-LHC. The institute aims to develop innovative software tools and train the next generation of users to analyze large sets of data.
Researchers developed a neural-network model that can accurately predict depression in individuals based on raw text and audio data from clinical interviews. The model learns speech patterns indicative of depression without relying on specific questions or answers, offering potential for scalable and accessible mental health monitoring.
A new study by Lancaster University highlights the issue of men's invisibility in fertility research, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The study found that surveys like the Demographic and Health Surveys often exclude or unfairly represent men's experiences, leading to gender inequalities.
A 3D printed fluorescence imaging box called PFIbox allows researchers to analyze massive amounts of data from bacteria samples, helping them discover new antibiotics. The open-source tool costs $200 and can be improved upon by others.
Two new $1 million NSF grants will support RENCI's efforts to develop a high-performance platform for scientific data processing and detect unintentional data errors. The projects aim to improve scientific productivity, increase confidence in outcomes, and facilitate seamless integration of available resources and networks.
Scientists at Washington University in St. Louis have created an algorithm to reveal connections between cells over time, potentially impacting circadian rhythms. The approach, called ICON, shows the strength of these connections, which could lead to a better understanding of brain disorders such as epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease.
A study by Rutgers physician Ehimare Akhabue found that states expanding Medicaid eligibility in 2014 saw fewer uninsured patients among major cardiac-related hospitalizations compared to those not expanding the program. This suggests that Medicaid expansion may have contributed to a decrease in these hospitalizations.
The discovery of Bannykus and Xiyunykus provides significant insights into the evolution of alvarezsaurs, an enigmatic group of theropod dinosaurs. The fossils reveal transitional steps in their adaptation to new diets, showing that these dinosaurs evolved short arms only later in their evolutionary history.