Articles tagged with Laboratories
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Jackson Laboratory scientists have developed a simple and cost-effective method to freeze mouse sperm, achieving high fertilization rates with mouse eggs. This breakthrough will significantly reduce the cost of developing new mouse models for human diseases.
The journal Genome Research has seen a significant boost in its impact factor, ranking #2 in the Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology category. With an impact factor of 11.224, it continues to be a major player in the field.
A team led by Professor Richard Ford is awarded a $1.85M contract to continue researching biologically-inspired tactical security infrastructure (BITSI) for military computing and disaster relief operations. The project aims to build computers that can protect themselves when under attack, using biological systems as inspiration.
Resveratrol slows age-related deterioration and functional decline in mice, improving cardiovascular function, bone health, and motor coordination. However, it does not increase longevity when started at middle age.
Researchers have developed a haplotype map of the human genome to study genetic diseases. The Cold Spring Harbor Protocols journal provides step-by-step instructions for analyzing HapMap data using tools like the Genome Browser and DDDP methods.
Scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery by studying the interaction between two electrons in a carbon nanotube, paving the way for a quantum mechanical bit. The breakthrough could lead to the creation of a revolutionary quantum computer capable of solving complex calculations much faster than current computers.
Researchers have identified a key role for fish-based fatty acid molecule RvE1 in resolving airway inflammation and promoting its resolution in mice. The study provides insight into the potential therapeutic use of RvE1 in asthma prevention.
The research focuses on designing miniature components called compressors and evaporators, critical for refrigeration systems. The team developed an analytical model and validated it with experimental data, showing that it is feasible to design a prototype system small enough to fit in a laptop.
Researchers have discovered insights into vertebrate origins and the evolution of immune systems, nervous system development, and cell signaling through the analysis of the amphioxus genome. The study reveals conserved genes and DNA elements between amphioxus and humans, suggesting a common ancestor with vertebrates.
A study finds that east Siberia's permafrost contains 500 Gt of frozen carbon deposits susceptible to disturbances from climate warming. The permafrost's irreversible thawing could release 2-2.8 Gt of carbon into the atmosphere annually between 2300 and 2400, transforming 74% of the initial carbon stock.
Researchers have found a human virus in chimpanzees in Tanzania's Mahale Mountains National Park, which may be transmitted from visiting scientists and tourists. The discovery highlights the need for more research to establish a comfortable level of proof and protect the region through science-based changes.
The journal features two new methods: one for detecting copy number variation in genomes using PennCNV software, and another for studying ion differences across membranes in plant cells using patch clamping. These techniques provide a more comprehensive understanding of genome variation and cellular responses.
Researchers developed a biomimetic jumping robot inspired by grasshoppers, capable of jumping 1.4 meters and navigating rough terrain with ease. The tiny robot can be fitted with sensors and solar cells to aid in search and rescue operations or explore remote areas on Earth or other planets.
Researchers find global sea level acceleration may have started in the 18th century, causing a 6 cm rise during the 19th century and 19 cm during the 20th century. The US east coast also subsided since the Eocene, with wind-launched ocean eddies triggering formation and propagation in the South China Sea.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have found that modulating enkephalin peptides in the brain may reduce cognitive deficits seen in Alzheimer's disease. Increased levels of preproenkephalin mRNA and enkephalins in brain regions affected by AD were observed, suggesting a potential new therapy target.
Researchers at Duke University have made significant advancements in autonomous robot surgeries, demonstrating the feasibility of robots performing complex procedures under real-time 3-D ultrasound guidance. The technology has the potential to improve patient safety by reducing radiation exposure and enhancing surgeon precision.
The journal showcases two classic methods for chromosomal analysis, including a protocol for mapping protein distributions on polytene chromosomes and a karyotyping technique for mouse cells. These approaches allow researchers to study gene regulation and chromatin structure at high resolution.
A study published in The Lancet suggests that clinical monitoring is as effective as using CD4 count or viral load measures in advising when to switch to second-line ART. This finding has implications for resource-limited settings where access to laboratory tests may be limited.
A production laboratory founded by the Minnesota Partnership has transferred its first potential therapy, a medication for multiple sclerosis, to a processing plant in Minnesota. The antibody rHIgM22 was developed at Mayo Clinic and has been validated for clinical development.
A study published in JCSM finds no significant differences in sleep parameters between patients undergoing sleep studies in a hotel and a hospital-based sleep laboratory. Sleep architecture changes, including REM sleep latency and stage 1 sleep, were similar in both groups.
A study by researchers from the American Psychological Association found that people experience mental fatigue and decreased productivity when faced with numerous choices. In experiments involving 328 participants, those who made choices had trouble staying focused and completing tasks compared to those who didn't make decisions.
Emory University geneticist Madhuri R. Hegde was honored with the 2008 Signature Genomic Laboratories Travel Award for her scientific merit and selected presentation at the 2008 ACMG Annual Clinical Genetics Meeting. The award recognizes outstanding young researchers in medical genetics and covers travel costs to future meetings.
The journal highlights a method for ENU mutagenesis to screen the mouse genome, allowing researchers to identify genes important in specific tissues or processes. A second featured protocol provides a step-by-step process for selecting the proper method for analyzing evolutionary relationships between genes.
A new study has introduced a nonlethal method to measure the body composition of small rodents using Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorbtiometry (DXA). This technology allows for accurate measurements without harming the animals, facilitating longitudinal research and increasing scientific collaboration between field and laboratory researchers.
The USC project, led by Gully A.P.C. Burns, aims to develop software for laboratory use, creating a small-scale knowledge base for storing scientific articles locally. The project seeks to alleviate information overload and enable researchers to quickly find and retrieve data.
A study by Catholic University - Campobasso confirms flavonoids' beneficial effects on human health, particularly on the heart. The research found that rats fed an anthocyanin-rich diet were more resistant to myocardial infarction.
New study suggests that non-lab-based risk factors can predict cardiovascular events with similar accuracy to laboratory-based values. This approach could simplify risk assessment and screening in developing countries where laboratory testing is often unavailable.
Researchers found that mice treated with low-molecular weight heparin before or after vein damage healed faster than those not treated. The study's findings support the use of heparin as a preventative measure for deep-vein thrombosis, which affects millions of Americans each year.
Researchers propose alternative explanation for increase in skates and dogfish populations, suggesting migration from connected waters. This hypothesis challenges current management approach, emphasizing ecosystem-based fisheries management.
New research by UT Knoxville professor Michael R. Nash aims to bridge the gap between laboratory research and clinical practice in psychotherapy. By tracking patients' symptoms before and during treatment, psychologists can conduct sound scientifically grounded case studies out of their office.
Researchers at UCL and the London Centre for Nanotechnology will investigate nanostructured carbon-based materials for hydrogen storage and develop large-surface organic solar cells. The refurbished laboratory aims to improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions.
Cold Spring Harbor Protocols highlights two RNA-based methods for understanding developmental processes in plants and flies. The first method uses RNAi to investigate gene function in fruit flies, while the second protocol describes how to detect where and when a gene is expressed in young plant tissues.
Researchers used laboratory experiments and calculations to understand how thin tendrils of magma can persist in roiling fluids, forming hotspot volcanism. The study applies to both small-scale and large-scale geological features, providing insights into Earth's interior dynamics.
Automated electronic medical laboratory reporting (ELR) significantly improves the completeness and timeliness of disease surveillance, allowing for earlier intervention in disease spread. The study found that ELR findings are automatically transmitted in real-time, reducing the reliance on traditional paper reports.
The Rutgers University Wireless Information Networking Laboratory has established a unique facility for testing new mobile computing and communications technologies. The ORBIT Open Access Radio Grid Testbed features a 400-node programmable radio transceiver emulation laboratory and an outdoor field trial system.
A study suggests that geophagy, or deliberate soil ingestion, may enhance the pharmacological properties of plants eaten by chimpanzees. The research found that mixing soil with plant parts increased their anti-malarial activity. Geophagy has been observed in other animals and has implications for conservation and human health.
A recent study by Smithsonian researchers reveals that natural blue diamonds exhibit phosphorescence with components of both blue and red light. The study's findings provide a unique 'fingerprint' for individual blue diamonds, enabling scientists to identify them.
The experimental weight loss drug, taranabant, has been shown to induce significant weight loss in obese patients, even at low doses. The drug blocks cannabinoid receptors in the brain, leading to a decrease in appetite and increased energy expenditure.
Cold Spring Harbor Protocols features methods to observe protein dynamics, including inserting lac operator sequences into mammalian cells and performing immunohistochemistry in whole mouse embryos. These techniques allow researchers to examine chromatin structure and protein activity during replication and transcription.
The GLAST satellite, a gamma-ray telescope, has arrived at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington for testing before its launch later in 2008. The mission will study extreme environments in the universe, identifying unknown sources of gamma rays.
The new NIST program will ensure that accredited laboratories perform tests on personal body armor in a reliable manner, reducing the risk of inaccurate or ineffective protection. Laboratories must submit applications and complete an assay process to demonstrate proficiency before receiving accreditation.
A team of Ames Laboratory scientists has offered a new model explaining the structure and function of proton exchange membranes in fuel cells. The model proposes a network of densely packed, parallel cylindrical water channels that help explain how water and protons diffuse through the membrane.
Researchers at MIT have developed a system that uses beams of light to sort cells, allowing for precise separation based on specific cell characteristics. This technology could enable genetic screening, clinical testing, and cloning research with increased efficiency and reduced costs.
Researchers have developed a new therapy for protein-losing enteropathy (PLE), a devastating condition that affects children after Fontan surgery. The treatment uses a heparin analog that prevents protein leakage without causing severe side effects, offering a safer alternative to current treatments.
Researchers developed an unmanned seaplane, dubbed 'Flying Fish,' that can initiate and perform its own takeoffs and landings on water. The autonomous craft features a 7-foot wingspan and is designed for the Department of Defense's persistent ocean surveillance program.
Two new protocols are introduced to examine critical stages of early embryogenesis using fluorescently tagged cells. These methods enable the visualization of subtle movements of individual cells during embryo development. Researchers can use these techniques to investigate mechanisms of brain and heart development in birds.
The new protocol allows scientists to identify cell-cycle stages and analyze cell growth in mixed populations. It has been used to characterize immune cells in human blood, providing insight into their activity patterns.
Researchers at the National Physical Laboratory are working towards a redefinition of the kilogram, which could shift from a physical object to a fundamental physical constant. The goal is to improve accuracy and consistency in measurements, but current results show a significant discrepancy with previous data.
The University of Minnesota is building a new international physics laboratory near Ash River, Minn., to study neutrinos and their role in the Universe's formation and future development. The $45.6 million lab will be part of an estimated $250 million project funded by the Department of Energy.
A NASA satellite has captured the first-ever images of a comet's plasma tail detaching from Encke's comet due to a coronal mass ejection. The event was triggered by magnetic reconnection between the comet's and solar wind fields, releasing a burst of energy that detached the tail.
Researchers developed two new southernpeas, WhipperSnapper and GreenPack-DG, with improved characteristics. These peas offer nutrient-rich benefits, pleasing textures, and attractive colors, making them suitable for various applications, including fresh consumption and processing into frozen pea products.
The A. Alfred Taubman Medical Research Institute supports fundamental research to advance understanding of human diseases. The institute's first five Taubman Scholars will receive flexible grants for promising disease-fighting research.
Researchers found that selective attention increases both neural gain and feature selectivity of the human auditory cortex. The study used electroencephalographic event-related potentials to measure task performance in healthy volunteers, revealing a complementary mechanism to existing explanations.
Researchers demonstrated a direct link between mercury concentrations in fish and changes in atmospheric deposition, revealing rapid responses over the first three years of study. The study's results show the benefits of regulating mercury emissions and near-term effectiveness of emission reductions.
Researchers have developed a protocol for generating mice with squamous cell carcinoma, allowing them to study the disease in a controlled environment. The method involves injecting mice with DMBA and TPA, leading to tumor formation and enabling scientists to examine the role of the immune system in susceptibility to skin cancer.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has rejected a petition calling for strengthened standards for genetic testing laboratories, citing cost concerns. The decision prioritizes affordability over patient safety, despite reports of laboratory errors and inadequate proficiency testing.
Money illusion refers to the phenomenon where people base their decisions on nominal values rather than real value, leading to irrational behavior in markets. Experimental evidence shows that firms are reluctant to cut prices during deflation due to money illusion, but more willing to increase prices during inflation.
Dr. Susana Martinez-Conde and her team will record neural activity in the brain's visual areas to understand why images appear stable during fixation. They aim to determine at what level of the brain visual perception becomes stable, shedding light on this critical aspect of our visual experience.
NCAR has added a powerful BlueGene/L system to the TeraGrid, providing up to 4.5 million processor-hours of computing power annually. This enhances the nation's comprehensive infrastructure for open scientific research, increasing the TeraGrid's total computing capability and data storage.
A cost-effective approach for generating siRNA molecules, called esiRNAs, is described in the article. This method allows scientists to efficiently target virtually any gene in mammalian cells, enabling large-scale studies of gene function.