Articles tagged with Research Organizations
A study published in the British Journal of Pharmacology found that kratom may be effective in reducing alcohol consumption but carries risks of addiction and side effects. The researchers suggest alternative therapies could provide safer treatment options for individuals with alcohol use disorder.
Physicists observe unusual quantum critical point in a heavy fermion compound, breaking the Kondo effect and exhibiting strange metal behavior. The discovery could lead to the creation of new sustainable materials for quantum information devices and superconductors.
A study by INFORMS journal Organization Science found that one additional woman on the board results in a 2.3% decrease in market value on average, amounting to hundreds of millions of dollars. This negative effect is amplified for firms with higher diversity ratings across the organization.
A study by Brazilian researchers found that listening to instrumental music attenuates cardiac stress while driving, increasing parasympathetic nervous system activity and reducing sympathetic nervous system activation. This can contribute to the creation of cardiovascular preventative measures for situations of acute stress.
Researchers have discovered a critical point in supercooled water where thermal expansion and compressibility exhibit anomalous behavior. Theoretical model developed by Brazilian researchers can be applied to any system with two energy scales, including iron-based superconductors.
Purdue University has received the 2019 Innovation and Economic Prosperity (IEP) Place award for its exemplary initiatives in social, cultural, and community development. The university's Center for Regional Development leads various projects to address unique community needs and spur economic growth.
A study by Weizmann Institute researchers reveals that around 4% of left-handed women have excellent senses of smell despite lacking olfactory bulbs in their brains. The findings challenge conventional theories on the necessity of olfactory bulbs for the sense of smell.
A recent study published in Neurology reveals that individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) who also suffer from depression are more likely to experience debilitating symptoms earlier than those without depression. The research highlights the need for early recognition and treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with MS.
Computer scientists at the University of Leeds are developing a robotic autonomy system that combines automated planning with reinforcement learning. The robot learns to plan sequences of moves to reach objects in cluttered spaces, generalizing its abilities to new tasks.
Researchers found that the two species have complementary ecological functions, favoring seed dispersal and growth of adult trees. The loss of these herbivores could lead to significant effects on ecosystem dynamics, equivalent to the eradication of elephants from African and Asian forests.
A new research project aims to improve natural disaster emergency preparedness and response in countries badly affected by earthquakes, flooding, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. The RESPOND-OR project will investigate issues relating to emergency response management of large-scale natural disasters in Indonesia and Sudan.
Researchers in Brazil have successfully developed a modified strain of Uncaria guianensis, a medicinal plant native to the Amazon Rainforest. By modifying its alkaloid production using 'precursor-directed biosynthesis,' the team was able to create more potent chemicals with enhanced therapeutic effects.
Brazilian researchers have discovered a new species of fungus gnat that emits blue light, which is the first record of such a species in the Neotropics. The larvae produce three lanterns and emit blue light, while adult insects do not.
A study of 993 Brazilian protected areas found 258 moderately vulnerable and 17 highly vulnerable to climate change. The Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes are at greatest risk due to climate-driven changes in vegetation and native species distribution.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed fast-acting robots capable of re-creating bioinspired high-powered and high-speed motions using stored elastic energy. These robots, similar to the chameleon's tongue strike, can catch live insects in just 120 milliseconds.
A new study analyzing diversity across an Australasian reef reveals that coral species richness at different depths is unrelated to energy availability. Despite the expectation of greater diversity in shallower waters due to increased sunlight, the research found that coral diversity was highest at depths of between 15 and 20 metres.
International researchers from IIASA and Japan propose a more systematic exploration of the carbon budget scenario space to address biases identified in current literature. This new approach aims to hedge against future budget uncertainties and provide consistency between physical climate science and mitigation assessments.
A new study by an international team of scientists identified key knowledge gaps to overcome biodiversity loss and achieve ecosystem sustainability. The research calls for more relevant, solutions-focused research that addresses the social-ecological crisis.
Researchers at TU Dresden are working on understanding the metabolism of cancer cells, tracing the development of childhood leukemia, and developing novel electronic components using 2D materials. The institution has received a total of 48 ERC Grants since 2008 to support innovative projects.
The study introduces two novel initiating systems consisting of palladium, naphthoquinone, and borate, exhibiting unique activities in C1 polymerization. The new systems afford high molecular weight poly(alkoxycarbonylmethylene)s with improved yields and stereoregularity.
A new research center will focus on solving fundamental scientific problems in geometry and topology, with potential applications in fields like forest fires and airbags. The Copenhagen Center for Geometry and Topology aims to answer questions about shortest paths, moduli, geodesics, and singularities.
The discovery of osseointegration has led to high clinical performance of oral implants, but peri-implant soft tissue complications can jeopardize osseointegration. Early intervention in situations with peri-implant mucositis is crucial for preventing peri-implantitis.
Researchers discovered that stingless bee larvae depend on a symbiotic relationship with three fungi species to develop and reach adulthood. The interaction between these fungi modulates larval development and highlights the importance of preserving this relationship against pesticide use.
The paper presents advances in precision oral health research, including genomics, data science and biotechnology. The symposium highlighted the importance of personalized oral care and the need for research to fill gaps in understanding the factors that underlie health and disease.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed predictive analytical models to simplify the design and construction of biorefineries, enabling robust operation and minimizing downtime due to plugging problems. The models address machinery and operating conditions, reducing reliance on chemical agents in ethanol fuel production.
The joint partnership between NTU Singapore and GF Singapore aims to demonstrate the new ReRAM technology on 12
A research team has identified a novel caloric restriction mimetic, 3,4-dimethoxychalcone, which induces autophagy and promotes longevity. The substance may prove useful in treating age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Cambridge and University of Strathclyde found that highly-targeted messaging campaigns can effectively dissuade young gamers from getting involved in cybercrime. The campaigns were associated with a sharper and longer-term reduction in attack numbers.
Researchers discover that flawed removal of signal sequences leads to protein aggregation in mitochondria, causing them to stop working. However, cells execute a protective stress response to maintain key functions, ensuring survival.
Researchers have developed a new genomic method, CUTseq, that can assess the amount and type of copy number alterations in tumors, helping identify highly heterogeneous and aggressive cancers. The technique is cheaper than existing technologies and can be applied to multiple biopsies or small tissue sections.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a process to break down plastic waste into molecular-level gases, which can be transformed back into new plastics. This method could enable the creation of circular use of plastic and reduce reliance on oil and fossil gas.
A large group of ecologists contests an article proposing 'reforestation' of the Cerrado, Brazil's most biodiverse tropical savanna. The critics argue that the plan is based on flawed calculations and could worsen climate change by reducing surface albedo and intensifying global warming.
Scientists at DTU Physics have created a two-dimensional lattice structure of 30,000 entangled light pulses, paving the way for less expensive and more powerful quantum computers. This breakthrough uses room-temperature materials and avoids the need for costly refrigeration technology.
Researchers detected energy transfer from excited electrons to the crystal lattice on the femtosecond timescale, enabling the development of materials that retain energy for longer periods. This study contributes to the retardation of decoherence and the creation of quantum information devices such as optical switches.
Researchers developed an AI system that analyzes data on drug-drug interactions to predict potential negative side effects, including long-term organ damage and death. The system identified over 1,700,000 reports of serious health outcomes from drug-drug interactions, providing valuable insights for healthcare professionals.
Research on rhesus macaques reveals that past social status has a lasting impact on gene expression, with low-ranking females showing signs of 'molecular memory' even after improving their social standing. The study sheds light on how stressful experiences can shape long-term health outcomes.
Researchers are digitally processing 1,400 cuneiform texts and fragments in the Akkadian language, with a focus on transcription and annotation. The project aims to provide high-quality data for academic communities and eventually enable automated translation of cuneiform text.
A new study by biologists at the University of Chicago and University of North Carolina reveals how species that form long-term pair-bonds raise their young more efficiently. By investing in love and affection, males stimulate females to work harder, leading to increased reproductive success.
Lehigh University is presenting various research projects, including 3D printing for tissue regeneration and biomechanics of Ebola adhesion. The university also launched a new B.S. program in Biocomputational Engineering, emphasizing innovation in bioengineering and healthcare.
Researchers from Forschungszentrum Jülich explore 3D magnetic solitons with potential as information carriers for neuromorphic computing. The €11.8M ERC Synergy Grant will investigate particle-like properties and applications of these structures.
The European Research Council has awarded €363 million to 37 research groups tackling some of the world's most pressing scientific challenges. These Synergy Grants will enable groups of top researchers to bring together complementary skills and knowledge to achieve groundbreaking results.
A research team from Bochum and Marseille has developed a self-defence mechanism in biocatalysts that shields them from oxygen, extending their service life up to 22,000 years. The new design uses tiny molecular spheres to create an extremely thin protective film that maintains efficiency.
Researchers describe two new African tropical parasitoid wasp species, Epirhyssa quagga and Epirhyssa johanna, which are among the largest wasps known. The discovery expands understanding of parasitoid insect diversity in tropical forests.
Tymora Analytical Operations is developing a plasma-based approach for early detection of Alzheimer's disease. The company aims to analyze exosome proteins and phosphoproteins in plasma samples to identify biomarkers linked to the disease.
A new model accurately estimates terror group lifetime lethality from initial attacks, potentially identifying highly destructive groups before they mature. The model conceptualizes terror groups as businesses constrained by resources, explaining lethality better than standard models.
Researchers developed ptychographic x-ray laminography to validate chip integrity without damaging them. The method generates high-resolution 3D images of chips from diffraction patterns, allowing companies to verify design specifications and detect manufacturing errors.
Researchers have identified a novel compound that selectively inhibits the cyclin-dependent-like protein kinase PfCLK3 in Plasmodium falciparum, disrupting its lifecycle. The molecule TCMDC-135051 has shown promise in treating malaria and preventing transmission to vector insects.
Scientists discover a hitherto unknown mechanism behind the formation of nitroso thiols, important reaction products of nitric oxide. This process occurs during the formation of dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs), which are also products of nitric oxide.
Researchers attached video cameras and sensors to white sharks to study their underwater hunting behavior. The findings suggest that white sharks actively search and pursue seals in deeper waters at night, contradicting the common assumption of surface-based prey capture during dawn and dusk.
Scientists have successfully implanted an electronic device into tobacco plants, allowing them to deliver a stress hormone called ABA. This enables the plant to close its small pores and conserve water.
A large-scale international study found that people in economically unequal societies are more supportive of strong, even autocratic leaders. The researchers suggest that economic inequality perceptions fuel a desire for a leader who will restore order by whatever means necessary.
A triple drug combination of lithium, trametinib, and rapamycin has been shown to extend the lifespan of fruit flies by 48%, a significant increase compared to previous studies. The treatment targets different cellular processes and may have potential benefits for preventing age-related diseases in humans.
Researchers found that plastic teabags release a significant amount of micro- and nanoplastics into tea during brewing. The levels were thousands of times higher than previously reported in other foods, and treated water fleas showed anatomical and behavioral abnormalities.
PlaneEnglish, an app-based aviation radio simulator, has received a $50,000 grant from the Air Force to improve flight training. The simulator helps pilots acquire radio communication proficiency in realistic environments, enhancing situational awareness and response skills.
Researchers at the University of Exeter found that jackdaws can learn to identify dangerous people by hearing a warning call, and this knowledge helps them avoid humans who pose a threat. The birds that heard the warning call returned to their nests more quickly when seeing the human again, indicating they had learned to recognize danger.
Researchers identified a novel histone mark, lysine glutarylation (Kglu) at histone H4, which is abundant in promoter regions of active genes. This mark facilitates the formation of open chromatin structure, leading to gene expression activation.
A research group led by Emery Berger has developed Mesh, a system that can automatically reduce memory demands in applications. By taking advantage of virtual memory hardware, Mesh effectively squeezes out memory gaps, resulting in significant reductions of up to 40% in memory usage for certain applications.
Scientists have gained a better understanding of how movements are generated in the spinal cord, revealing that it's a large network of cells rather than a single command center. This finding may lead to advances in treating neurological disorders such as ALS and spinal cord injuries.
A new device demonstrates how p-bits can perform calculations traditionally done by quantum computers, with potential applications in fields like drug research, cybersecurity, and data analysis. Hundreds of p-bits could be used to solve larger problems in the near future.
A recent study of a 10 million-year-old fossil has revealed that human ancestors may not have been as ape-like as previously thought. The Rudapithecus pelvis suggests that early human ancestors had more flexible lower backs, allowing them to stand upright and walk efficiently on two legs.