Articles tagged with Research Organizations
Brazilian researchers have reinterpreted the second law of thermodynamics by introducing statistical fluctuations, revealing that entropy can sometimes decrease. This study has practical interest for nanoscale machines and establishes a floor for fluctuations in thermodynamic quantities.
A team from the Earlham Institute is exploring the chemical diversity of UK plants to identify new medicines, including those found in foxgloves and willow trees. The project aims to understand how plants produce complex chemicals and unlock new pathways for biomanufacturing.
A UK-based science engineering company has licensed a novel heating technology from Purdue University to support industries such as research institutes and commercial manufacturers. The C-Core carbon fiber technology provides uniform heat without cold spots, facilitating high-quality sample delivery in analytical science and forensics.
Despite increased use of mechanized harvesting, aerosol and ozone particle concentrations remain unchanged since the prohibition of burning sugarcane in 2002. The researcher suggests that greenhouse gas emissions and particulate matter come from other sources.
Molecular Systems Biology has appointed systems biologist M. Madan Babu as its new Chief Editor, strengthening the journal's position in the field of systems biology. The appointment aims to encourage interdisciplinary research and bridge silos between fields.
Purdue University researchers have developed patented technology to eliminate per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), linked to cancer, thyroid issues, and other health concerns. The team's innovation uses nickel and iron nanoparticles to capture and destroy these contaminants in groundwater.
International researchers have found that most of the black carbon transported to the Atlantic Ocean is 'young' and likely results from recent forest fires. The study, published in Nature Communications, used radiometric dating and molecular composition analysis to quantify and characterize the black carbon flowing in the Amazon River.
Survivors of sepsis need long-term advocacy and support after hospital discharge, a new study suggests. The research identified five major themes among participants, including the challenges of recovery and the importance of caregiver assistance.
Researchers at University of Warwick develop protocol to measure how close a quantum computer's answer is to correct ones. This helps confirm if quantum computer has outperformed classical computers, so-called quantum supremacy.
The FinEstBeAMS beamline at the MAX IV Laboratory in Sweden has conducted its first scientific experiments, studying the electronic structure of three ionic liquids. The research aims to understand the properties of ionic liquids for their application potential in supercapacitors.
Researchers in Spain found nearly half of patients were misdiagnosed with hypophosphatasia, a rare genetic disorder. Up to 15,000 cases may be currently undetected in the Spanish population.
The study estimates that preserving 270 million hectares of native vegetation yields Brazil USD 1.5 trillion per year in ecosystem services such as crop pollination, pest control, and water security. This research supports the importance of Legal Reserves and Permanent Conservation Areas in maintaining environmental services.
A study published in the British Journal of Pharmacology found that kratom may be effective in reducing alcohol consumption but carries risks of addiction and side effects. The researchers suggest alternative therapies could provide safer treatment options for individuals with alcohol use disorder.
Physicists observe unusual quantum critical point in a heavy fermion compound, breaking the Kondo effect and exhibiting strange metal behavior. The discovery could lead to the creation of new sustainable materials for quantum information devices and superconductors.
A study by INFORMS journal Organization Science found that one additional woman on the board results in a 2.3% decrease in market value on average, amounting to hundreds of millions of dollars. This negative effect is amplified for firms with higher diversity ratings across the organization.
A study by Brazilian researchers found that listening to instrumental music attenuates cardiac stress while driving, increasing parasympathetic nervous system activity and reducing sympathetic nervous system activation. This can contribute to the creation of cardiovascular preventative measures for situations of acute stress.
Researchers have discovered a critical point in supercooled water where thermal expansion and compressibility exhibit anomalous behavior. Theoretical model developed by Brazilian researchers can be applied to any system with two energy scales, including iron-based superconductors.
Purdue University has received the 2019 Innovation and Economic Prosperity (IEP) Place award for its exemplary initiatives in social, cultural, and community development. The university's Center for Regional Development leads various projects to address unique community needs and spur economic growth.
A study by Weizmann Institute researchers reveals that around 4% of left-handed women have excellent senses of smell despite lacking olfactory bulbs in their brains. The findings challenge conventional theories on the necessity of olfactory bulbs for the sense of smell.
A recent study published in Neurology reveals that individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) who also suffer from depression are more likely to experience debilitating symptoms earlier than those without depression. The research highlights the need for early recognition and treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with MS.
Computer scientists at the University of Leeds are developing a robotic autonomy system that combines automated planning with reinforcement learning. The robot learns to plan sequences of moves to reach objects in cluttered spaces, generalizing its abilities to new tasks.
Researchers found that the two species have complementary ecological functions, favoring seed dispersal and growth of adult trees. The loss of these herbivores could lead to significant effects on ecosystem dynamics, equivalent to the eradication of elephants from African and Asian forests.
A new research project aims to improve natural disaster emergency preparedness and response in countries badly affected by earthquakes, flooding, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. The RESPOND-OR project will investigate issues relating to emergency response management of large-scale natural disasters in Indonesia and Sudan.
Researchers in Brazil have successfully developed a modified strain of Uncaria guianensis, a medicinal plant native to the Amazon Rainforest. By modifying its alkaloid production using 'precursor-directed biosynthesis,' the team was able to create more potent chemicals with enhanced therapeutic effects.
Brazilian researchers have discovered a new species of fungus gnat that emits blue light, which is the first record of such a species in the Neotropics. The larvae produce three lanterns and emit blue light, while adult insects do not.
A study of 993 Brazilian protected areas found 258 moderately vulnerable and 17 highly vulnerable to climate change. The Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes are at greatest risk due to climate-driven changes in vegetation and native species distribution.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed fast-acting robots capable of re-creating bioinspired high-powered and high-speed motions using stored elastic energy. These robots, similar to the chameleon's tongue strike, can catch live insects in just 120 milliseconds.
A new study analyzing diversity across an Australasian reef reveals that coral species richness at different depths is unrelated to energy availability. Despite the expectation of greater diversity in shallower waters due to increased sunlight, the research found that coral diversity was highest at depths of between 15 and 20 metres.
International researchers from IIASA and Japan propose a more systematic exploration of the carbon budget scenario space to address biases identified in current literature. This new approach aims to hedge against future budget uncertainties and provide consistency between physical climate science and mitigation assessments.
A new study by an international team of scientists identified key knowledge gaps to overcome biodiversity loss and achieve ecosystem sustainability. The research calls for more relevant, solutions-focused research that addresses the social-ecological crisis.
Researchers at TU Dresden are working on understanding the metabolism of cancer cells, tracing the development of childhood leukemia, and developing novel electronic components using 2D materials. The institution has received a total of 48 ERC Grants since 2008 to support innovative projects.
The study introduces two novel initiating systems consisting of palladium, naphthoquinone, and borate, exhibiting unique activities in C1 polymerization. The new systems afford high molecular weight poly(alkoxycarbonylmethylene)s with improved yields and stereoregularity.
A new research center will focus on solving fundamental scientific problems in geometry and topology, with potential applications in fields like forest fires and airbags. The Copenhagen Center for Geometry and Topology aims to answer questions about shortest paths, moduli, geodesics, and singularities.
The discovery of osseointegration has led to high clinical performance of oral implants, but peri-implant soft tissue complications can jeopardize osseointegration. Early intervention in situations with peri-implant mucositis is crucial for preventing peri-implantitis.
Researchers discovered that stingless bee larvae depend on a symbiotic relationship with three fungi species to develop and reach adulthood. The interaction between these fungi modulates larval development and highlights the importance of preserving this relationship against pesticide use.
The paper presents advances in precision oral health research, including genomics, data science and biotechnology. The symposium highlighted the importance of personalized oral care and the need for research to fill gaps in understanding the factors that underlie health and disease.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed predictive analytical models to simplify the design and construction of biorefineries, enabling robust operation and minimizing downtime due to plugging problems. The models address machinery and operating conditions, reducing reliance on chemical agents in ethanol fuel production.
The joint partnership between NTU Singapore and GF Singapore aims to demonstrate the new ReRAM technology on 12
A research team has identified a novel caloric restriction mimetic, 3,4-dimethoxychalcone, which induces autophagy and promotes longevity. The substance may prove useful in treating age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Cambridge and University of Strathclyde found that highly-targeted messaging campaigns can effectively dissuade young gamers from getting involved in cybercrime. The campaigns were associated with a sharper and longer-term reduction in attack numbers.
Researchers discover that flawed removal of signal sequences leads to protein aggregation in mitochondria, causing them to stop working. However, cells execute a protective stress response to maintain key functions, ensuring survival.
Researchers have developed a new genomic method, CUTseq, that can assess the amount and type of copy number alterations in tumors, helping identify highly heterogeneous and aggressive cancers. The technique is cheaper than existing technologies and can be applied to multiple biopsies or small tissue sections.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a process to break down plastic waste into molecular-level gases, which can be transformed back into new plastics. This method could enable the creation of circular use of plastic and reduce reliance on oil and fossil gas.
A large group of ecologists contests an article proposing 'reforestation' of the Cerrado, Brazil's most biodiverse tropical savanna. The critics argue that the plan is based on flawed calculations and could worsen climate change by reducing surface albedo and intensifying global warming.
Scientists at DTU Physics have created a two-dimensional lattice structure of 30,000 entangled light pulses, paving the way for less expensive and more powerful quantum computers. This breakthrough uses room-temperature materials and avoids the need for costly refrigeration technology.
Researchers detected energy transfer from excited electrons to the crystal lattice on the femtosecond timescale, enabling the development of materials that retain energy for longer periods. This study contributes to the retardation of decoherence and the creation of quantum information devices such as optical switches.
Researchers developed an AI system that analyzes data on drug-drug interactions to predict potential negative side effects, including long-term organ damage and death. The system identified over 1,700,000 reports of serious health outcomes from drug-drug interactions, providing valuable insights for healthcare professionals.
Research on rhesus macaques reveals that past social status has a lasting impact on gene expression, with low-ranking females showing signs of 'molecular memory' even after improving their social standing. The study sheds light on how stressful experiences can shape long-term health outcomes.
Researchers are digitally processing 1,400 cuneiform texts and fragments in the Akkadian language, with a focus on transcription and annotation. The project aims to provide high-quality data for academic communities and eventually enable automated translation of cuneiform text.
A new study by biologists at the University of Chicago and University of North Carolina reveals how species that form long-term pair-bonds raise their young more efficiently. By investing in love and affection, males stimulate females to work harder, leading to increased reproductive success.
Lehigh University is presenting various research projects, including 3D printing for tissue regeneration and biomechanics of Ebola adhesion. The university also launched a new B.S. program in Biocomputational Engineering, emphasizing innovation in bioengineering and healthcare.
Researchers from Forschungszentrum Jülich explore 3D magnetic solitons with potential as information carriers for neuromorphic computing. The €11.8M ERC Synergy Grant will investigate particle-like properties and applications of these structures.
The European Research Council has awarded €363 million to 37 research groups tackling some of the world's most pressing scientific challenges. These Synergy Grants will enable groups of top researchers to bring together complementary skills and knowledge to achieve groundbreaking results.
A research team from Bochum and Marseille has developed a self-defence mechanism in biocatalysts that shields them from oxygen, extending their service life up to 22,000 years. The new design uses tiny molecular spheres to create an extremely thin protective film that maintains efficiency.
Researchers describe two new African tropical parasitoid wasp species, Epirhyssa quagga and Epirhyssa johanna, which are among the largest wasps known. The discovery expands understanding of parasitoid insect diversity in tropical forests.
Tymora Analytical Operations is developing a plasma-based approach for early detection of Alzheimer's disease. The company aims to analyze exosome proteins and phosphoproteins in plasma samples to identify biomarkers linked to the disease.
A new model accurately estimates terror group lifetime lethality from initial attacks, potentially identifying highly destructive groups before they mature. The model conceptualizes terror groups as businesses constrained by resources, explaining lethality better than standard models.
Researchers developed ptychographic x-ray laminography to validate chip integrity without damaging them. The method generates high-resolution 3D images of chips from diffraction patterns, allowing companies to verify design specifications and detect manufacturing errors.
Researchers have identified a novel compound that selectively inhibits the cyclin-dependent-like protein kinase PfCLK3 in Plasmodium falciparum, disrupting its lifecycle. The molecule TCMDC-135051 has shown promise in treating malaria and preventing transmission to vector insects.
Scientists discover a hitherto unknown mechanism behind the formation of nitroso thiols, important reaction products of nitric oxide. This process occurs during the formation of dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNICs), which are also products of nitric oxide.