Articles tagged with Adolescents
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Researchers found that sixth-grade students with high antisocial behavior were rejected by peers in the classroom. In contrast, eighth-grade students with similar behavior were accepted by peers outside of school and formed relationships with other antisocial youth. This 'networking' increases risk for already antisocial teens.
Research finds that parental discipline, peer relationships, and life events significantly affect teenagers' risk of depression. Having a supportive peer group can protect against depression, while excessive punitive discipline may increase the risk. Genetic background also plays a role in depression development.
A national study finds that adolescents exposed to movie smoking are more likely to try smoking, with the risk increasing 2.6 times for those with high exposure. The study suggests limiting exposure to young teens and encourages the movie industry to reduce depictions of smoking.
African-American adolescents face unique challenges in developing a sense of self amid racial, gender, and socio-economic complexities. A new study led by Professor Jerome Morris will explore the role of class status and context in improving educational outcomes for African-American students.
A recent Australian study found that teenagers who regularly eat with their families are less likely to be overweight. The study suggests that a healthy maternal attitude towards family eating and diet is more important than the frequency of shared meals.
Adolescents' internal sleep pressure builds up more slowly than children's, contributing to an overall shift in teen sleep cycles. This slower build-up may prepare teenagers for adult lifestyles and prolonged waking periods.
A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that an estimated one in 300 adolescents and adults contracts pertussis each year. The study's results demonstrated that a new pertussis vaccine is over 90% effective in preventing the illness, making it a strongly encouraged booster shot for adults.
A study finds that youth with the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and a specific COMT gene variant exhibit significant cognitive decline and psychosis, with excessive dopamine levels contributing to these effects. The study implicates the COMT gene in schizophrenia development, highlighting its potential role in information processing distur...
Researchers developed a technique to predict adult height in children using factors like age, sex, weight, and growth maturity level. The method accurately predicted final heights within specific ranges for boys and girls, offering a valid tool for caregivers to assess their child's growth.
A study of 1212 children and 446 Italian Air Force recruits found that infant and adolescent immune systems can recall responding to hepatitis B more than 10 years after immunisation. The findings suggest that routine booster doses may not be necessary for long-term protection, even in high-risk populations.
A study found that child and environmental factors are stronger predictors of early alcohol experimentation in late childhood, rather than family history. This is associated with increased rates of psychiatric disorders, poor physical health, and criminal behavior in adulthood.
A 2.5-year study involving 2,781 individuals aged 15-65 found the acellular pertussis vaccine to be safe and 92% effective in preventing the disease among adults and adolescents. The vaccine's effectiveness could help reduce transmission of the disease.
A double-blind trial found that buprenorphine combined with behavioral interventions was significantly more efficacious in treating opioid-dependent adolescents than clonidine. The study also showed that 72% of teens who received buprenorphine were retained in treatment, compared to 39% of those given clonidine.
A community-level intervention program targeting young adolescents delays early intercourse, increases condom use, and reduces high-risk sexual behavior. The program successfully delayed sexual debut and increased condom use among participants.
A study of 14,355 children aged 9-14 found that eating fried foods away from home led to higher body mass index and dietary patterns associated with excessive weight gain and chronic diseases. The researchers recommend limiting fried food consumption and promoting family dinners for healthier eating habits.
A study published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research found that adolescents and young adults with AUDs have a smaller prefrontal cortex, which is associated with early-onset drinking. This may lead to difficulties in inhibiting urges, delaying gratification, and thinking clearly about the consequences of actions.
Researchers tracked children from kindergarten to fourth grade, finding that early parent-child relationships and warmth can reduce conduct problems. Effective monitoring practices are laid down in early elementary school years, making interventions during childhood crucial for adolescent outcomes.
Researchers analyzed data from 674 families with same-sex adolescent pairs to explore the connections between environmental factors and individual traits. The study found three key factors: overall adjustment, independence, and parental monitoring, which explained the complexity of family relationships.
Researchers found that parents' warmth and positivity in interactions with their children in childhood are related to the children's self-regulation and adjustment in adolescence. Children of warm parents tend to exhibit fewer problem behaviors as they age.
A study found that teenage boys who believe they might get someone pregnant, regardless of their intentions, are more likely to engage in unprotected sex. Healthcare providers should initiate conversations with adolescent males about reproductive issues, particularly those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.
Research by Dr Andrew Lawrence and Cameron McPherson found adolescent rats exposed to amphetamine had a more sensitised reaction when re-administered as adults, increasing the risk of heart attack. The study suggests teenage experimentation with drugs may have long-term effects on brain function.
A Canadian Medical Association Journal study found that salivary cotinine levels, a measure of second-hand smoke exposure, are linked to an increased likelihood of smoking in adolescence. The research suggests that early childhood exposure may be a key factor in the development of nicotine-seeking behavior.
A new ASU study reveals family environment plays a crucial role in adolescent obesity, highlighting the importance of parental control over diet and limiting sedentary activities. Strong social bonds between parents and children can also contribute to weight gain.
Research found that teens with good relationships with parents tend to have friends who are less likely to fight, more involved in extracurricular activities, and have plans for college. Parents' monitoring and supervision also play a role, although the effects were not as consistent.
A recent study suggests family therapy is an effective treatment tool for children, involving parents in the process can improve outcomes. Family-based treatments like parent management training and behavioral family therapy have shown promise in reducing conduct disorders and substance abuse.
A study of adolescents aged 12-18 found that body image concerns and media influence play a significant role in supplement use. Nearly 20% of teens reported using supplements to improve muscle mass or definition, with creatine and protein powders being the most commonly used products.
A recent study found that adolescent girls who experienced violence are more likely to perpetrate violent acts, with the highest risk at age 14. The research also suggests that improving community safety can help reduce violent behavior among these girls.
The report found that children are more likely to live in poverty, have low birthweight, or commit a violent crime. However, the adolescent birth rate has reached a record low, and immunization rates have increased. Additionally, child mortality rates have declined, with fewer deaths among young children.
A study by Professor Sali Tagliamonte found that female adolescents tend to use words like, just, and so more frequently in their conversations as they get older. This language change occurs earlier than in males, with 15- and 16-year-old females using the word 'like' most frequently.
A study by researchers at Penn State and Washington state universities found that relying on others outside the family for information is associated with parents being less knowledgeable about their child. In contrast, parents in relational groups were more likely to be informed and had teens engaging in less risky behavior.
Parents affect adolescents' substance use behaviors by influencing their images of typical smokers and drinkers, as well as their willingness to try substances. Strong parenting, especially in high-risk neighborhoods, has a positive impact on reducing substance use among teens.
A study found that boys with supportive parents are less likely to engage in violent behavior after witnessing violence, while girls with high levels of social understanding are also at risk. Interventions focusing on improving the parent-adolescent relationship and teaching social understanding may reduce violence in both boys and girls.
Researchers found that sensory deprivation prevented substantial synapse loss in growing mice, contradicting the widely-held notion that brain neurons naturally lose connections as they form new ones. The study's findings suggest a potential link between childhood experiences and long-lasting impacts on brain function.
A study of over 2,200 US girls found that decreased physical activity was the main reason for weight gain and obesity. Increasing physical activity by 2.5 hours of brisk walking per week could potentially prevent weight gain and reduce obesity risk during adolescence.
A long-term study of over 1,000 children found that those who watched less TV in childhood and adolescence were more likely to achieve a university degree. Excessive TV time was associated with lower levels of educational attainment, even after controlling for other factors.
State-sponsored anti-tobacco media campaigns are associated with reduced youth smoking rates and increased antismoking attitudes. Students exposed to at least one state ad per four months were less likely to smoke and more likely to believe they would never start.
A new study found that higher adolescent IQ and greater activity levels are associated with a lower risk of dementia and mild cognitive impairments. The research used historical data from high school records and interviews with graduates to explore the relationship between early-life factors and late-life cognitive status.
A new study by Cornell University finds that acting violently can be protective against the effects of community violence among adolescent males, but not females. The research suggests that exposure to community violence is a widespread risk factor for emotional and behavioral problems.
A 54-week randomized study found that orlistat, a gastrointestinal tract lipase inhibitor, significantly improved weight management in obese adolescents. The medication was well-tolerated and showed a sustained effect on reducing BMI, waist circumference, and lipid levels.
Research suggests high school start times deprive teens of sleep, affecting cognitive performance and mood. Students perform better in the afternoon, but early morning classes report being wearier and less alert.
Chronic drowsiness in teens can be a sign of an underlying sleep disorder, according to a new report. The study highlights the importance of rigorous pediatric sleep histories to diagnose potential conditions.
A recent study suggests that a one-time adolescent vaccination against whooping cough could prevent 36% of projected cases while being reasonably cost-effective. The analysis considered various vaccination strategies and their impact on disease incidence, vaccine efficacy, side effects, and costs.
A study of 13,601 US adolescents found that perceived weight was a significant risk factor for suicidal ideation and attempts, regardless of actual body mass index (BMI). Perceived underweight or overweight status increased the likelihood of suicidal thoughts and attempts among students.
Researchers discovered that children begin incorporating brands into their self-concepts around age 10. As they move into adolescence, these connections evolve qualitatively, reflecting shared personality traits and user characteristics.
A recent study published in JAMA Network found that the Tdap vaccine elicited robust immune responses in adolescents and adults to pertussis, tetanus, and diphtheria antigens. The potential benefits of widespread use of an adolescent and adult pertussis booster vaccine include a reduction in pertussis disease.
A new study by Dr. Jane Dimmitt Champion and her team found that minority adolescent women with a history of sexual/physical abuse are at higher risk of pelvic inflammatory disease and HIV/STDs. With better screening, these health problems could be decreased.
A K-State professor is conducting research on the STAR Lab's simulation training program for young teenagers. The lab aims to assess training effectiveness and study whether such training transfers to real-life driving situations.
A new study by University of Michigan researcher Jeffrey B. Bingenheimer found that adolescents exposed to gun violence are nearly four times as likely to perpetrate violence over the next two years. The study used propensity stratification to simulate randomization and controlled for demographic, socioeconomic, and temperamental factors.
A recent study found that tobacco brand appearances in PG-13 movies did not significantly decrease after the Master Settlement Agreement, leaving adolescent audiences exposed to tobacco advertising. The percentage of R-rated movies with tobacco brand appearances dropped by 55.4%, but that for PG-13 films remained unchanged since 1998.
The frontal cortex, a brain region controlling multi-tasking, continues to develop until age 17. The ability to remember single pieces of spatial information develops by age 11-12, while strategic self-organized thinking takes longer to mature.
Research found popular adolescents were more well-adjusted on many dimensions, but over time, they showed greater increases in delinquency and drug use. This suggests that the benefits of popularity may come with negative consequences.
A study of 132 adolescent patients found that isotretinoin treatment did not lead to an increase in depressive symptoms. In fact, treatment of acne was shown to improve depressive symptoms. The researchers emphasize the importance of recognizing depressive symptoms in patients with acne.
A study published in Journal of Research on Adolescence found that minority youth self-esteem increases with age, driven by family support and positive school climate. Ethnic differences were also observed, highlighting individual variations in adolescent development.
A study using a large U.S. population sample found that current DSM-IV criteria for alcohol-use disorder may be overly diagnostic in adolescents due to relatively infrequent drinking and shorter drinking histories. The study suggests age-specific distributions for these criteria conform to the age-specific distributions of alcohol use.
A study of adolescent patients in private, managed-care chemical-dependency treatment found that those receiving needed psychiatric services were more likely to be abstinent from alcohol and drugs. The results highlight the importance of providing psychiatric assessment and treatment in CD programs.
Researchers at Purdue University found that African-American and Caucasian adolescent girls handle sodium and calcium differently, leading to varying rates of hypertension and osteoporosis. The study concluded that excessive salt intake reduces bone density in both races, with Caucasian girls losing more calcium through their urine.
Teen athletes may have an advantage when traveling across time zones, as they can wake up later and feel more alert. Chronic sleep deprivation from irregular schedules, part-time jobs, and social activities can severely impair morning performance.
Boostrix is approved by the FDA for use in US adolescents against pertussis, with reported cases rising nearly 20-fold since 1976. Experts estimate the true incidence of the disease may be greater than one million cases per year, particularly among teens.
Children living with single mothers and grandparents in the household show similar test scores to those in married-couple families. Research highlights the importance of grandparents' role in supporting children during adolescence. Grandparents can serve as a source of strength for youth navigating this critical period.
A Stanford University School of Medicine study found that only about one-quarter of teen check-ups included diet and exercise discussions, while skin cancer was the least likely topic. The study also revealed low rates of counseling on HIV and family planning, with only about 5% of visits addressing these topics.