Articles tagged with Population Studies
A team of neuroscientists has developed a technique that predicts brain age based on MRI scans, finding a link between the discrepancy and increased risk of mental and physical health decline. The study shows that those with 'older brains' are more likely to die before 80, suggesting potential for early intervention.
Researchers developed and evaluated MyFamilyPlan, a web-based preconception health education module. The study found that women who used the online format were about twice as likely to discuss preconception health with their doctors. This increase in discussions was associated with improved patient care.
Researchers found no relationship between family-meal frequency and weight but did find that eating home-cooked meals without TV or video significantly lowered obesity odds. Engaging in both healthy practices every time they ate family meal was the lowest risk.
Researchers have identified two genes linked to IgA nephropathy, a common cause of kidney failure. The study found that variations in these genes, C1GALT1 and C1GALT1C1, are significantly more common in patients with high levels of the Gd-IgA1 marker.
A new study proposes strategies to intensify prevention efforts in communities heavily affected by HIV, highlighting structural factors that contribute to HIV disparities. Researchers found that demographic, physical and social contexts where individuals interact are associated with behavioral and biological HIV risk.
A large-scale study led by Dr. Laurent Azoulay found no association between androgen deprivation therapy and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in patients with advanced prostate cancer. The study analyzed data from nearly 31,000 men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer over a 27-year period.
A study by the University of Texas at Austin found that blacks are more likely to lose a parent during childhood and experience multiple family member deaths by mid-life. This trend is expected to have long-term damaging effects on black Americans' health.
A new study uses herbaria specimens to show a decrease in white trillium leaf area due to deer overbrowsing, indicating lower reproductive potential. The research demonstrates the value of herbaria collections for long-term plant population studies.
A recent study found that benzodiazepines and related drugs are associated with a 20% higher risk of stroke among persons with Alzheimer's disease. The association is stronger for ischemic strokes than hemorrhagic strokes. Cardiovascular risk factors did not explain the link.
A study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that high consumption of grilled, barbecued, and smoked meats may increase mortality risk after breast cancer diagnosis. The research evaluated the link between these meat types and survival time among 1508 Long Island women with breast cancer.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research found that German men have fewer children than women and have them later in life. Eastern Germany's male birthrate is particularly low due to a surplus of men in reproductive age.
A statistical approach called tree bootstrapping can accurately assess uncertainty in RDS studies, enabling researchers to draw firm conclusions about vulnerable groups. This method has been applied to existing and future RDS studies, providing a basis for policy responses.
The study highlights the lack of research on bite-mark identification and its low validity. Forensic dentists' claims of unique dental signatures are unfounded, leading to wrongful convictions. Recent DNA exonerations support the rejection of bite-mark identifications as reliable evidence.
A new study found that people aged 70 and older who continue to smoke are more than three times as likely to die as never-smokers. Quitting smoking at any age also reduces the risk of death after age 70, with former smokers less likely to die if they quit earlier.
A recent study found that 19% of Twitter election-related tweets were created by social robots, distorting the online discussion and potentially polarizing it. The research also highlighted the sophisticated tactics used by 'master puppeteers' to create fake profiles and manipulate public opinion.
A study of electronic prescriptions and nonadherence rates found that patients receiving e-prescriptions had a 16 percentage point lower risk of nonadherence compared to those with paper prescriptions. The rate of nonadherence decreased with age, but increased among older adults.
A study of 1000 adult patients in Singapore found that gastrointestinal-related ADRs were common, while cardiovascular drugs caused the majority. Patients with ADRs had a longer hospital stay, suggesting some ADRs may be predictable based on genetics.
The Florida Scrub-jay study reveals that genetic diversity is vital to the species' survival, relying on immigrants from smaller satellite populations for genetic material in mating. The loss of these small populations has led to increased inbreeding and a decline in offspring survival rates.
A study published in JAMA Dermatology found that adults who frequently tanned indoors were more likely to practice poor outdoor sun protection and have multiple sunburns. The results highlight the importance of emphasizing avoidance of indoor tanning and reiterating the need for sun protection and skin cancer screening.
A comprehensive set of reference values for handgrip strength is provided, enabling practitioners to identify individuals at risk of premature death and disease. The study builds on previous research, showing that handgrip strength corresponds with markers of age, such as mortality, disability, and cognitive decline.
A population-based study found that air pollution may shorten the survival of patients with lung cancer, especially those with early stage disease. The study tracked over 352,000 people with lung cancer and found that higher exposure to pollutants like nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter was associated with shorter survival times.
Research contradicts previous findings that link poor sleep quality to joint pain, instead showing no association with obstructive sleep apnea. The study highlights the need for further investigation into the relationship between pain and sleep apnea.
A study found late preterm and early term birth rates decreased in the US between 2006 and 2014. Clinician-initiated obstetric interventions also declined, particularly among births over 37 weeks, suggesting a positive association with delayed interventions.
The NCI's largest-ever study of breast cancer genetics in black women aims to identify genetic factors contributing to racial disparities in breast cancer. The study will investigate inherited genetic variations and gene expression in tumor samples.
A new study aims to identify the best method for collecting sexual orientation and gender identity data from patients in emergency departments. The EQUALITY Study found that non-verbal self-reporting is the preferred method among both patient and provider respondents, despite concerns about offending patients.
A new study reveals significant regional, demographic, and educational differences in how Americans share health information online. Young people discuss ADHD on drug review sites, while older users discuss physical disorders like diabetes and heart conditions.
A study by Dr Anu Molarius found that obesity rates increased from 13% to 17% among women and 12% to 17% among men between 2000 and 2012. The prevalence of obesity was highest among middle-aged individuals with a middle level education.
A study published in Journal of Public Health Management and Practice found that veterans are more likely to report delays in seeking necessary healthcare compared to the US general population. The study suggests that access problems within the VA system may be creating disparities in care for this vulnerable population.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that a widely recommended cardiovascular risk calculator overestimates the actual five-year risk of heart attacks and ischemic strokes. The study suggests that individuals may be over-treated due to the inaccuracies.
A study of 140,600 individuals from the Utah Population Database found that lowered birth rates contribute to women's longer lifespan compared to men. The research suggests that reduced reproduction costs in females benefit their lifespan.
A new study found that simultaneous cocaine and alcohol use is a red flag for suicide risk, with the risk being 2.4 times higher among those using both substances. The study also showed that substance misuse was less likely an indicator of suicide risk among whites and women, but more likely among older adults.
A recent study published in Population Health Management found that 30% of patients with high hospitalization rates are food insecure and struggle to shop for or prepare their own meals. The research highlights the impact of food insecurity on health outcomes, particularly for vulnerable populations with chronic diseases.
A Danish population study found patients with rosacea had a higher risk of new-onset Parkinson's disease compared to the general population. The study also suggests that tetracycline use may reduce PD risk, but further studies are needed for confirmation.
A study published in Nordic Psychology suggests that ageism can have a significant impact on lifespan, regardless of age. Negative attitudes towards aging are linked to a shorter lifespan, highlighting the need for awareness and debate about this complex issue.
A University of Leicester study finds that GPs and hypertension detection are associated with lower premature mortality in England. In less deprived practices, continuity of care was also linked to lower mortality rates.
Researchers at Rush University Medical Center found that moderate seafood consumption was associated with less Alzheimer's disease pathology, including lower amyloid plaques and tangles. Seafood intake was only linked to reduced harm when individuals had a specific genetic profile, highlighting the need for personalized nutrition advice.
Researchers found that mothers' appetites impact on offspring's appetites, stabilizing population sizes. This helps prevent extinction and counteracts the effect of large numbers being preyed upon.
A new study published in International Journal of Epidemiology found that high fitness levels do not offset the increased risk of death associated with obesity. Men with higher aerobic fitness had a lower risk of death compared to those who were obese, regardless of their fitness level.
The authors argue that study populations should mirror the global community to capture human biological variability. They also recommend enforcing racial and ethnic diversity among study participants, increasing financial support for NIH, and empowering agencies to improve diversity in clinical research.
A University of Oklahoma-led research team collaborated with Cheyenne and Arapaho tribes to study the microbiome of an American Indian community. The study revealed biological connections between certain bacterial families and metabolic pathways, which may be linked to socioeconomic challenges and resource availability.
A study of over 20,000 women with stage IV breast cancer found improved survival rates, especially among those who received initial breast surgery. The median survival increased from 20 to 26 months, and age, tumor size, hormone receptor status, and year of diagnosis were associated with prolonged survival.
A new study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine found that critically ill patients experience significant bone loss, increasing their risk of fragility fractures. The researchers suggest that anti-resorptive therapies may be necessary to prevent bone loss in these patients.
A study published in JAMA Network found that nearly 8% of the population has myocardial scars, indicating a 'silent' heart attack. The majority (78%) of these scars were undetected by electrocardiography or clinical evaluation, highlighting the need for improved detection methods.
A new study found that nearly half of camels in parts of Kenya have been infected with the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) virus. The research suggests camels may be a major reservoir host for the virus and a potential source of infection in humans.
A statewide study in Indiana found that fewer than a quarter of men and women with osteoporosis or fragility fracture received treatment between 2005 and 2012. The study also found disparities in treatment rates among different groups, including racial and ethnic minorities and individuals with multiple chronic conditions.
A new study reveals that patients with lumbar spinal stenosis prefer pain relief to improved mobility, defying medical community assumptions. Researchers surveyed 269 patients and found that 79% chose pain reduction over increased physical function.
A study by King's College London found that one in five older people who drink alcohol consume it at unsafe levels, with median consumption being just 6 units per week. The research also revealed that men are more likely to be unsafe drinkers than women and those from higher socioeconomic status.
A new study from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business finds that movie house owners can maximize ticket sales by understanding the preferences of their local audience. The research reveals that urban markets with highly educated consumers prefer wider screens, while other regions favor more showtimes.
A study of populations worldwide suggests that genetic diversity is linked to increased height and better cognitive skills, as well as higher levels of education. However, this diversity has no effect on factors like high blood pressure or cholesterol levels.
Research from the University of Copenhagen found that maintaining a good night's sleep helps maintain a healthy lifestyle. Smokers who slept normally were more likely to quit than those with disturbed sleep patterns. Improved sleep also reduced high-risk alcohol consumption and physical inactivity.
A study published in The Gerontologist found that consuming chamomile tea was associated with a 29% decreased risk of death from all causes among older Mexican-American women, compared to non-users. This effect was not observed in men.
The Canadian population aged 85 and over has grown to 702,000 by 2013, representing 2% of the total population. As the 'oldest old' category continues to evolve, it will impact public policy and require distinct services.
A genetic analysis of current smokers reveals that those consuming high amounts of tobacco are more likely to weigh less. The study found a 1.2kg lower body weight among double carriers of the CHRNA3 gene variant associated with higher tobacco consumption.
The new guidelines increase the proportion of AFib patients recommended for drug therapy by 19%, particularly affecting women and people over 65, who now have a lower age threshold for stroke risk assessment.
A study analyzed lung cancer incidence and screening trends, finding a decline in the proportion of patients meeting high-risk screening criteria. The decline indicates an increasing number of patients with lung cancer would not have been candidates for screening.
Researchers investigated 56,000 participants and found daily drinking significantly increases the risk of alcoholic cirrhosis. Recent alcohol consumption, not lifetime consumption, is the strongest predictor of this condition.
A York University study found a total of 88,688 pediatric concussions were treated in Ontario between 2003 and 2010. Falls, hockey, and skating injuries were the leading causes of concussion among children and youth.
A Taiwanese study found that ACE-inhibitors use was associated with a 57% reduced risk of developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in patients prescribed more than 449.5 cumulative defined daily doses. The research used data from over 14,500 individuals and suggested long-term exposure to ACEIs may be inversely linked to ALS risk.
A mathematical model developed by NIH grantees predicts that women need to take Truvada daily to prevent HIV infection via vaginal sex, while men can protect themselves with just two doses per week. The model helps explain why previous PrEP trials in women were unsuccessful due to poor adherence.
Researchers found no universal preference for high testosterone faces and nuanced effects of culture on mate choice. Across 12 populations, women preferred slightly less masculine faces, suggesting factors beyond infectious disease rates influence attractiveness.