Articles tagged with Population Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A systematic review of six studies involving over 900,000 patients found a positive association between severe hypoglycaemia and cardiovascular disease risk. The link was consistent across all studies, suggesting that avoiding severe hypoglycaemia may be crucial to preventing CVD in type 2 diabetics.
A large clinical study found no evidence that THC slows progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) progression. However, participants at the lower end of the disability scale showed some benefits. The study suggests that further research is needed to confirm these findings.
A study of 601 women with breast cancer found that African-American women were more likely to experience delay in treatment due to type of treatment received or younger age. White women experienced delay if they underwent immediate breast reconstruction following mastectomy.
The University of Illinois Chicago will lead a $15.3 million NIH project to follow up with all Chicago participants in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a large-scale study of Hispanic/Latino health. The study aims to investigate chronic diseases and risk factors in this population.
A study published in CMAJ found that 13.5% of Canadian Forces personnel who served in support of the Afghanistan mission between 2001-08 had a mental health disorder related to their deployment. The most common disorders were posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression, with PTSD being found in 8% of personnel.
A Stanford-led study found that men diagnosed with azoospermia have a significantly higher risk of developing cancer than the general population. The study, which analyzed data from over 2,200 infertile men, found that azoospermic men were nearly three times more likely to receive a cancer diagnosis than non-azoospermic men.
Patients with low baseline diastolic blood pressure (DBP) had more subcortical brain atrophy progression. Those with declining DBP levels over time showed less brain atrophy progression compared to those with rising BP levels.
A recent study published in The Journal of Sexual Medicine found that nearly half of young men with newly-diagnosed erectile dysfunction (ED) experience severe ED. Younger patients had lower body mass index, higher testosterone levels, and fewer medical conditions compared to older patients.
A study of 1,500 middle-aged women found that one in five experienced constant or frequent stress, leading to 40% reporting psychosomatic symptoms like muscle aches and joint pain. Single women and smokers were particularly vulnerable to stress, highlighting the need for preventive measures from society.
A study from the Cleveland Clinic found that obstructive sleep apnea patients with poor functional capacity have a significantly higher mortality risk. The researchers identified several factors, including female gender, smoking history, and abnormal heart rate recovery, as predictors of impaired functional capacity in this population.
A new study from Harvard Medical School reveals that millions of eligible seniors are turning down free prescription drug coverage due to impaired cognitive abilities. The researchers suggest that the design of the program needs to be changed to make it easier for low-income adults to enroll and access the benefit.
A new study suggests that African-Americans are more likely to develop multiple sclerosis, contradicting the widely accepted notion that they are at lower risk. The study found a 47% increased risk in African-Americans compared to Caucasians.
A University of Eastern Finland study found that low serum vitamin D levels are a significant risk factor for pneumonia. The risk was more than 2.5 times higher in individuals with the lowest vitamin D levels compared to those with high levels, particularly among older adults and smokers.
A team-based approach to primary care delivers improved patient outcomes, enhanced practice workflows, and increased physician satisfaction. By sharing responsibility and consulting with each other regularly, healthcare teams can provide more sensitive and responsive patient-centered care.
A large population study from Denmark found that individuals deemed mentally vulnerable are at a significantly increased risk of both fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease. The study's results showed that mental vulnerability was associated with a 36% higher risk of events, independently of classical risk factors.
A study analyzing emergency admissions for asthma among adults in England found a significant annual 5% drop following the introduction of the country's smoking ban in 2007. The study, published in Thorax, confirms the value of public health interventions and attributes the association to reduced secondhand smoke exposure.
A recent study by Beaumont doctors highlights the importance of training and emergency response planning in K-12 schools to reduce sudden cardiac arrest fatalities. The study found that bystander use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) increases survival rates threefold, emphasizing the need for standardized training and drills.
Researchers analyzed survey data from 200 servers in 18 restaurants, finding that sensitivity to demographic differences predicted service levels. The study highlights the problem of poor service to African-American customers and suggests a solution by promoting tipping norms for specific levels of service quality.
A study published in JAMA Network found that women are at a higher risk of hip implant failure compared to men, with a hazard ratio of 1.29 for all-cause revision and 1.32 for aseptic revision.
Researchers at Yale School of the Environment linked exposure to perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs), including PFOA and PFOS, with an increased risk of osteoarthritis. The study found stronger associations for women than men, highlighting the need for further exploration of health effects in susceptible subpopulations.
A new study finds that bacteria in the large intestine can deconjugate masked mycotoxins, releasing toxic forms of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. The findings suggest that these toxins should be considered when evaluating population exposure.
A large cohort study found that women who had small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants in their first pregnancy have a strongly increased risk of SGA in their second pregnancy. The study analyzed data from the Netherlands Perinatal Registry and found that 23.2% of women with a previous SGA baby went on to have an SGA infant in their sub...
Research finds that self-esteem, optimism, and perceived control influence depression in both stroke survivors and their spouse caregivers. High levels of these factors in one partner can lead to lower levels of depression in the other. Interventions targeting both partners may improve patient outcomes.
A recent study by the USDA Forest Service's Pacific Southwest Research Station has found that fisher populations in the southern Sierra Nevada are stable. The research, which monitored fisher distribution across a 7,606-square-mile area over eight years, found no increase or decrease in population numbers.
A recent study found that higher-quality Medicare Advantage plans are associated with increased likelihood of enrollment among beneficiaries. The research analyzed data from nearly 1.3 million Medicare beneficiaries and discovered that plans with higher star ratings had more enrollees, particularly those switching plans.
Research reveals that partial sleep deprivation affects ghrelin and leptin levels, leading to increased energy intake and potential weight gain. The study suggests a possible link between sleep patterns and body weight regulation.
A study published in Archives of Neurology found a strong association between poor physical performance and increased dementia risk in individuals aged 90 and older. The study revealed that even modest declines in physical performance were associated with higher dementia odds, particularly gait slowing and grip strength.
A large-scale study found that people with mental health problems have a lower life expectancy due to increased risks of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Even minor symptoms of anxiety or depression are associated with higher mortality rates.
A recent Genographic Project study has shown that individuals with the Romanian 'Basarab' surname may not be direct biological descendants of the Basarab dynasty, which ruled Wallachia from 1330-1601. The research found genetic diversity among modern-day Basarab men, suggesting a polyphyletic name with multiple unrelated male founders.
Research found associations between exposure to certain organic solvents and an increased risk of heart defects in newborns. The study, published in Occupational and Environmental Medicine, suggests that workplace exposure to organic solvents may be a potential risk factor for several types of congenital heart defects at birth.
Children with disabilities are at nearly four times greater risk of experiencing violence, with over a quarter exposed to some type of violence during their lifetime. Lifetime levels of physical and sexual violence are also high among disabled children.
Research published in BMJ Open finds that stillbirth rates are twice as high among the least well-off in England, with the gap remaining constant over eight years. Socio-economic inequalities in stillbirths by cause have been evident across all causes, including bleeding before birth and congenital abnormalities.
A population-based study from the UK suggests that psoriasis is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The study found that patients with severe psoriasis were more likely to receive prescription diabetic therapy and had a trend towards being prescribed insulin.
A large non-commercial study found that cannabis' main active constituent, THC, does not slow the course of progressive multiple sclerosis. However, participants with lower disability levels showed some potential benefits from THC treatment.
Researchers discovered a high prevalence of fragile X gene premutations among US population participants, indicating potential neurological and reproductive health risks. The study found that carriers of the faulty gene had a higher probability of experiencing symptoms such as numbness, dizziness, and early menopause.
A recent study found that rare variations in the human genome, which occurred following a population explosion, may influence susceptibility to common diseases. The researchers analyzed the genetic code of over 2,400 individuals and discovered more than half a million single-letter DNA changes, many of which were predicted to be harmful.
A recent study published at the EuroPRevent2012 meeting found that regular jogging increases life expectancy by 6.2 years in men and 5.6 years in women. The study analyzed data from over 20,000 participants and showed a significant reduction in mortality risk among joggers.
Researchers found women who smoke and carry certain gene variants are more likely to experience hot flashes. The study suggests that these women may benefit from aggressive smoking cessation efforts.
Researchers found significant variation in craniofacial characteristics, with Lisbon females exhibiting broader noses and eyes spaced further apart than Coimbra females. The difference suggests genetic variations rather than dietary or nutritional influences.
Researchers found that most women with bulimia regain significant weight while having the disorder, contrary to expected weight loss. Weight history is a crucial factor in understanding and treating bulimia.
A study published in The American Journal of Industrial Medicine found that WTC first responders suffer from asthma at more than twice the rate of the general U.S. population, with rates doubling between 2002 and 2005. Researchers tracked 20,834 responders who received medical screenings from 2002 to 2007, comparing their results to US...
Professor James Vaupel received the prestigious prize for his groundbreaking research on aging, statistics of senescence, and public health longevity. He was recognized for extending human lifespan by two additional years every decade, highlighting no looming limit to human lifespan.
A study found that retinal microvascular changes are associated with disability in daily activities among older adults. The presence of two or more retinal signs was linked to a higher risk of disability, independent of vascular risk factors and carotid atherosclerosis.
A new study found that having a transient ischemic attack (TIA), also known as a mini stroke, can reduce life expectancy by 20 percent. Patients experiencing a TIA have a high risk of early stroke and an increased risk of future problems that may reduce life expectancy.
Researchers used a computer simulation to compare demographic stability and migration rates for egalitarian and unequal societies. They found that class structures contributed to destabilizing effects, driving migration and the expansion of stratified societies.
Rescue and recovery workers suffered high rates of asthma, sinusitis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) due to inhalation of toxic dust. The study also found a significant burden of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and panic disorder among these workers.
A team of Indiana University researchers has discovered that promiscuous female birds have higher reproductive success due to a genetic 'trade-up', resulting in more offspring. By studying dark-eyed juncos, the study found that females who mate outside their social pair have twice as many grandchildren than those who remain truly monog...
Results from CREDO-Kyoto registry show CABG associated with lower risk for serious adverse events in patients with triple vessel disease. Higher risk of MI and all-cause death found with PCI, particularly in those with high SYNTAX scores.
The RESET trial demonstrates that sirolimus-eluting stents are non-inferior to everolimus-eluting stents in terms of target-lesion revascularisation rate and late lumen loss. However, the study's findings may be influenced by the relatively low-risk patient population.
Research at Queen's University Biological Station reveals that singing shared songs is an attention-seeking behavior often displayed by older males. Song sharing is linked to individual differences like age and neighborhood characteristics.
Researchers have identified a gene variant associated with the onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Caucasian men. The study found that variants in the vitamin D receptor gene influence the time to development of COPD, highlighting the potential role of vitamin D metabolic pathways in COPD risk.
A Spanish-Mexican research team found that wild birds exhibit ageing in terms of reproductive capacity and DNA damage. As males age, their germline becomes damaged, increasing the risk of genetic illnesses in their offspring.
A large population-based study found that even mild stress can lead to long-term disability and an inability to work. Higher levels of stress at the start of the study were associated with a significantly greater likelihood of receiving disability benefits, with up to 70% more likely for those with mild stress.
Researchers from Kansas State University discovered that people's enjoyment of movies depends on both the content and their co-viewer. The study found that graphic sex scenes in particular cause discomfort for parents and teens, leading to awkward interactions.
Hal Caswell has been awarded the 2010 Humboldt Research Award for his significant contributions to understanding population dynamics and demography. He will use this award to collaborate with researchers in Germany, focusing on evolutionary biology and human aging.
Researchers developed a method to yield more information from archived newborn blood spots, enabling studies on population health patterns and diseases present at birth. The new method detected approximately 9,000 activated genes in adult blood samples from Guthrie cards, tripling the amount found in previous studies.
A study of 25,910 adult patients found that starting dialysis too early is associated with a higher risk of death. In contrast, early referral to a nephrologist is consistently linked to improved survival rates.
Research from Michigan State University finds that late-preterm babies are between two and three times more likely to have lower IQs and higher levels of attention problems at age 6. The study controlled for maternal IQ and demographics, suggesting that factors other than genetics may contribute to the increased risk.
A new international population study led by the University of Cincinnati examines the human developmental effects of environmental exposure to complex metal mixtures found in electronic waste. The research aims to identify potential preventative measures to reduce human exposures, particularly for pregnant women and young children livi...
Researchers found that individuals with poor sleep quality had higher levels of inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein, even after adjusting for known risk factors. Chronic lack of sleep may contribute to cardiovascular mortality, but the exact mechanism remains uncertain.