Articles tagged with Population Studies
A new study by Harvard School of Public Health researchers found that overweight women in mid-life had more health problems and impaired cognitive function later in life. Maintaining a healthy weight throughout adulthood may increase the odds of enjoying a healthy life in later years, according to the study.
A systematic review found that post-stroke dementia rates varied greatly, but were closely related to stroke characteristics and complications. The authors suggest that optimum acute stroke care and secondary prevention measures could reduce the burden of dementia. Further studies are needed to identify independent predictive factors.
A new study confirms associations between SNPs and increased prostate cancer risk in Japanese men, similar to findings in European populations. Men with six or more risk alleles had substantially higher risk for prostate cancer.
The MADIT-CRT study found that CRT-D therapy reduces the risk of heart failure or death by 34% compared to ICD-only therapy, with benefits seen across various patient sub-groups. This results validate a new indication for CRT-D therapy in preventing heart failure in at-risk patients.
A new study found that prenatal multivitamin supplements significantly reduce the risk of babies with a low birth weight compared to iron-folic acid supplementation. The study suggests that micronutrients supplementation could avoid approximately 1.5 million low birth weight babies globally each year.
Over 30 years, middle-aged women's levels of perceived mental stress have increased significantly, while their blood pressure has decreased. This is according to a Swedish study that followed 1,462 women from the 1960s to the 2000s.
Research found that 35 out of 1247 people experienced recurrent strokes within 24 hours after their initial TIA, highlighting the need for rapid medical attention
A new study found that early prenatal exposure to the Hong Kong flu may have interfered with fetal cerebral development and caused reduced intelligence in adulthood. The study involved over 180,000 men born between 1967 and 1973 and showed a significant association between prenatal exposure to the virus and lower intelligence scores.
A French study found that healthy elderly people who report feeling sleepy during the day have a significantly higher risk of dying from cardiovascular disease. The Three City study found a 49% relative risk increase of cardiovascular death compared to those who do not report sleepiness.
Elevated nonfasting triglyceride levels are associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, according to a large population-based study. The study found that men and women with higher triglyceride levels had significantly increased risks of stroke, with the risk doubling or tripling for certain ranges of triglyceride levels.
A genome-wide study has uncovered a significant increase in genetic distances towards Northern Europe compared to Central Europe. The analysis of dense single nucleotide polymorphisms across the whole genome found substantial genetic differences between Eastern and Western Finland.
Studies found that people with high sociability tend to migrate to urban areas over long distances, while those with high activity have a tendency to move both urban and rural locales. Emotional individuals are more likely to move away from home but don't migrate far or often.
A large population-based study of 659,000 women found that almost 20% develop type 2 diabetes within 9 years of pregnancy. The rate of diabetes increased rapidly after delivery, peaking at 9 years. Higher urban statistics and older mothers also increase risk factors for gestational diabetes.
Researchers found no therapeutic benefit in low-sodium diets for adults with asthma, contrary to past studies. The study suggests that further dietary research should focus on factors other than sodium.
A new University of Illinois study found that public school students made significantly greater gains in math scores by fifth grade compared to their Catholic school peers. Public schools rivaled the performance of other non-Catholic private schools, suggesting they are at least as effective in promoting student learning over time.
A study of 1,889 participants found a graded relation between oxidized LDL and incident metabolic syndrome, with those having higher levels at increased risk. Oxidized LDL was also associated with abdominal obesity, high fasting glucose, and high triglyceride measurements.
As people age, they experience more feelings of ease and contentment than younger counterparts. The study found that aging is associated with more positive than negative emotions, and more passive than active emotions.
The study found that aging is associated with more positive than negative emotions, and more passive than active emotions. Women had more negative than positive emotions, and participants with higher income and education levels had significantly more positive emotions.
A Swedish study found that women who consumed wine regularly had a lower risk of developing dementia compared to those who drank beer or liquor. The study, which followed 1,458 women over 34 years, suggests that moderate wine consumption may have protective effects against dementia.
A recent survey of over 13,000 shoppers reveals that tightwads are more prevalent than spendthrifts due to the emotional pain associated with spending. Tightwads tend to save because forking out money is too painful an experience.
A new US population-based study found that elevated liver enzymes discovered during routine medical care are associated with a higher risk of mortality. Elevated AST and ALT levels were linked to increased standardized mortality rates, suggesting these simple blood tests could be valuable indicators of long-term outcome.
A study of 829 Canadian women diagnosed with early breast cancer found that they lost an average of 27% of their typical income during the first 12 months after diagnosis. The researchers also discovered that wage losses were more common among less educated women, those with more serious disease, and those with less social support.
A systematic review found that the risk of major stroke within a week after a minor stroke is substantial at 5.2%. Studies with emergency treatment in specialist stroke units showed the lowest risks, while population-based studies without urgent treatment had the highest risks.
The Lancet study found that maternal mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa are not decreasing fast enough to meet the MDG5 target, with a yearly rate of decline required to achieve the target being 5.5%. The authors conclude that a huge emphasis on improved pregnancy and delivery care is needed throughout the developing world.
A new study published in Molecular Ecology sheds light on the Galápagos hawk's evolutionary history by analyzing DNA sequences from feather lice. The research reveals how island populations of the bird might have colonized the Galápagos islands, and provides insights into the evolution of cooperative behavior.
Researchers studied classic films from Mitchell and Kenyon to confirm lefties' decline in Victorian England, which reversed in the 20th century. The study found that left-waving was more common than left-writing, suggesting a complex pattern of causes behind the decline.
Cancer incidence is higher among people with HIV/AIDS and organ transplant recipients due to immune system dysfunction. The study found a broad range of cancers at increased incidence across various sites.
A review of eight population-based studies found that none met criteria for accurate SIDS diagnosis, leading to inflated risk estimates. Families with initial investigation and no major risk factors can be advised that the risk of a second death is very small.
A recent study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that two-thirds of people using herbs do so without following scientific guidelines. The study, which analyzed data from a 2002 National Health Interview Survey, highlights concerns about the potential adverse effects and interactions of herbal supplements with therapeutic drugs.
New observations by the Hubble Space Telescope reveal that a massive globular cluster can go through several periods of intense stellar formation, contradicting the previous accepted single burst theory. The analysis shows three distinct populations of stars, each with a slightly different mix of chemical elements.
Researchers found evidence of three distinct star populations born within 200 million years in the massive globular cluster NGC 2808. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that all stars originated at the same time and place, shedding new light on stellar formation in distant galaxies.
A population-based study found clinically significant variation in breast cancer treatment rates across Manitoba, suggesting the guidelines have not met their objective. The study's findings imply that guideline implementation is not a straightforward process and that other factors influence adoption.
Researchers at Harvard School of Public Health found an association between higher vitamin D levels and a lower risk of developing multiple sclerosis. The study suggests that increasing vitamin D levels may prevent many cases of MS, with benefits potentially extending to preventing osteoporosis.
A Mayo Clinic study reveals that children with recurrent strep throat who retain their tonsils are at triple the risk of developing subsequent episodes. Tonsillectomy is found to be an effective treatment for this condition, decreasing infections and improving quality of life.
A recent study published in The Lancet reveals that over 78 million Asians are living in extreme poverty due to out-of-pocket healthcare payments. This is 2.7% higher than previously estimated poverty rates, with the burden of healthcare payments being highest in Vietnam and lowest in Malaysia.
The Genetics and Public Policy Center will conduct a public discussion about future potential large U.S. population-based studies examining the roles of genes and environment in human health. The study aims to unravel complex genetic and environmental factors contributing to common diseases such as cancer and heart disease.
A comprehensive study of 2,128 individuals found that openness to surgery and higher education level significantly influenced the likelihood of undergoing joint replacement surgery. Education was a key factor in increasing willingness to consider TJA, regardless of socioeconomic status or disability.
As early as 20 years from now, Germany's hours worked per capita may decrease by 8 percent due to the aging population. This shift requires a more flexible and evenly distributed workforce to maintain productivity.
A new study from the Mayo Clinic contradicts previous research suggesting a link between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and stroke risk. The study found that traditional cardiovascular risk factors are more important than PFOs in causing cryptogenic strokes in older adults, while younger patients may have a higher risk associated with PFOs.
The study suggests that factors like lack of transportation, poor financial situation, and dementia might contribute to smoking cessation in older smokers. Despite the potential benefits, quitting smoking at an advanced age can significantly lower the risk of death.
A large population-based study found that older men with early prostate cancer who received radiation therapy or surgery lived significantly longer than those who were observed. The study, which examined over 48,000 men between 65 and 80 years old, demonstrated a survival advantage for treatment over observation.
A demographic analysis reveals significant disparities between damaged areas and undamaged zones, with black and poor residents facing greater odds of harm. The findings have implications for the future of the Gulf region, particularly in New Orleans.
Studies suggest a link between positive emotions and lower chronic illness rates, longevity, and improved self-rated health. However, the relationship is complex, and future research is needed to determine how emotions influence health.
A study found that coronary calcium scans can predict heart disease in healthy men, particularly those between 40-50 years old. The scans detected coronary calcium in approximately 20% of the men, and they were 11.8 times more likely to suffer a cardiac event than those without deposits.
A study of over 700 patients undergoing coronary procedures found that distant prayer did not improve clinical outcomes, but patients receiving music therapy had less emotional distress and slightly lower mortality rates.
The July 2005 issue of Ophthalmology features groundbreaking research on glaucoma treatment and intraocular pressure management. Studies also explore the correlation between macular detachment height and visual outcome, as well as the efficacy of pars plana vitrectomy for managing inferior breaks in pseudophakic retinal detachment.
The study found that 7.2% of the general population reported RLS symptoms, with women experiencing twice as high frequency of symptoms as men. Quality of life was significantly impacted, with RLS sufferers reporting lower scores than the general population.
A study of 10,000 employees found that work fatigue and overtime were strongly associated with weight gain. Dissatisfaction in combining paid work and family life was also linked to weight gain among women, while job demands were a risk factor for men. The findings suggest that workplace conditions play a crucial role in employee health.
A recent study by the Life Course Socio-Economic Status (LCSES) study found that male combat veterans are more likely to be heavy drinkers and smokers compared to non-veterans and non-combat veteran controls. The researchers also discovered that older men with distant combat exposure had higher odds of obesity and physical inactivity.
A recent study found that advertisers who switched from a majority to a minority language (typically English to Spanish) elicited more negative thoughts and lower product evaluations than those switching in reverse. This suggests that consumers perceive minority languages as having less prestige, affecting persuasion.
A recent study found that stroke warning signs, such as transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), often occur several hours or days before the actual stroke. In most cases, TIAs occurred within seven days of the stroke, highlighting the importance of timely assessment and preventive treatment.
Researchers found that most HIV 'blips' detected through intensive sampling were not associated with clinical significance or demographic factors. Blips were marginally linked to self-reported nonadherence, but no new drug resistance mutations were identified.
VA patients outperformed non-VA patients in delivering recommended care for acute, chronic, and preventive conditions, with significant differences found in areas with established performance measures and electronic medical records.
Four New York City clinics improved primary care services for low-income patients by redesigning their systems using a learning collaborative approach. The initiatives achieved significant reductions in wait times, improved financial performance, and increased patient access.
A study found that 71% of Ugandans were aware of vaccines' preventive function, and 77% were willing to participate in HIV-preventive vaccine trials. However, education on the severity of HIV/AIDS and the importance of vaccines for men is still needed.
Middle-aged inner-city African-Americans experience higher levels of depressive symptoms than the general US population, according to a new study. The research found that risk factors for increased depressive symptoms include decreasing social support and being severely underweight or obese.
The Eye Diseases Prevalence Research Group has conducted large, population-based studies to determine the prevalence of cataract, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and other eye disorders. The estimates are likely to be reliable and available without waiting many years and spending tens of millions of dollars.
The Université de Montréal has received a $11.7 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to develop advanced training programs, policy research leadership centers, and specialist networks for reproductive health in French-speaking sub-Saharan Africa.
A recent study found that men are more likely than women to adopt healthy behaviors, such as regular exercise and quitting smoking. Women, on the other hand, were less confident in their ability to make these changes. The researchers hope their findings can be used to assist both men and women with adopting healthier lifestyles.
A study by John Bound found that health conditions limit work among all workers, but disproportionately affect minorities. Education plays a crucial role in income disparity, accounting for 52-84% of the gap between racial groups.