Articles tagged with Population Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A study by Michigan State University researchers found that cohabiting parents who work nonstandard shifts experience more conflict between work and family life. They also report higher levels of depression and lower success rates as parents and workers compared to married peers.
A Web-based tool extracted from the electronic medical record helps primary care physicians manage care for individual patients, groups of patients or their entire panel. The Panel Support Tool (PST) improves care for patients with diabetes and/or heart disease, and provides better preventive care for healthy patients.
A large population study found a statistically significant association between BPA exposure and increased testosterone levels in men. The study, which analyzed data from over 700 adults aged 20-74 years, suggests that even low-level exposure to BPA may have endocrine-disrupting effects on human health.
A 29-year follow-up study of Finnish men and women found that individuals with higher vitamin D levels had a significantly lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The study suggests a potential link between chronic inadequacy of vitamin D and the development of Parkinson's disease.
A study of non-fatal war injuries found that those affected had significantly lower quality of life compared to US and Turkish general populations. Men were four times more likely to be injured than women, with injuries from jet bombings being a major contributor.
A study found that mass media coverage of flu-related topics significantly increases vaccination rates and prompts people to get their shots earlier. Researchers analyzed data from over 22 million individuals aged 65+ and found a strong correlation between news reports and vaccination rates, with spikes in activity following news stories.
The Human Heredity and Health in Africa project will utilize genetic, clinical, and epidemiologic screening tools to identify hereditary and non-hereditary components of risk. The effort aims to build research capacity on the continent and create strong collaborations between African researchers and those globally.
A study of banded mongooses in Uganda found that these animals pass on traditions from one generation to the next, a practice previously thought to be reserved for humans and intelligent animals. This discovery has significant implications for understanding how complex cultures can develop.
A study found that hospitals with higher rates of following up patients within one week after discharge for heart failure treatment have lower readmission rates at 30 days. Early follow-up evaluation is critical for assessing patient clinical status outside the hospital setting.
Age-related nerve decline is associated with metabolic factors like blood sugar levels within normal ranges. Peripheral nerves are affected more in men than women later in life, suggesting a link between aging, gender, and inflammation. Modifiable risk factors may help prevent or delay peripheral nerve function decline.
A large population-based study of diabetes in China estimates that 92.4 million adults age 20 or older have diabetes, while 148.2 million adults have prediabetes, a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The researchers recommend national strategies for preventing, detecting and treating diabetes.
Research findings suggest that participatory women's groups can reduce neonatal mortality by up to one-third and moderate maternal depression. The groups' impact was attributed to improved hygiene and care practices, as well as increased community mobilization and support for the poorest populations.
A new study found that older men with high levels of IGF-I are at increased risk of cancer death, independent of age and lifestyle. The research suggests IGF-I may have potential importance as a biomarker for prognostic testing.
Dolphus Dawson, III, receives the 2010 AADR Neal W. Chilton Fellowship for biostatistical analysis of a dataset from the Effects of Periodontal Therapy on Preterm Birth (OPT) study. The analysis will investigate associations between clinical measures and preeclampsia in the OPT study population.
A recent study published in Pain Medicine found that women veterans are less likely to report pain compared to their male counterparts. The study, which analyzed data from over 153,000 veterans, revealed that female veterans were more likely to report moderate-severe pain but less likely to experience persistent pain.
A study published in Sleep found that elderly women reported shorter and poorer sleep than men, but objectively measured sleep showed the opposite pattern. Women slept longer and had higher sleep efficiency, possibly due to differences in sleep duration determinants such as medication use and alcohol consumption.
A large prospective population study found no difference in heart failure risk between fish eaters and non-eaters. However, a beneficial effect was observed in diabetic subjects with high EPA + DHA intake.
A new study by Harvard School of Public Health researchers found that overweight women in mid-life had more health problems and impaired cognitive function later in life. Maintaining a healthy weight throughout adulthood may increase the odds of enjoying a healthy life in later years, according to the study.
A systematic review found that post-stroke dementia rates varied greatly, but were closely related to stroke characteristics and complications. The authors suggest that optimum acute stroke care and secondary prevention measures could reduce the burden of dementia. Further studies are needed to identify independent predictive factors.
A new study confirms associations between SNPs and increased prostate cancer risk in Japanese men, similar to findings in European populations. Men with six or more risk alleles had substantially higher risk for prostate cancer.
The MADIT-CRT study found that CRT-D therapy reduces the risk of heart failure or death by 34% compared to ICD-only therapy, with benefits seen across various patient sub-groups. This results validate a new indication for CRT-D therapy in preventing heart failure in at-risk patients.
A new study found that prenatal multivitamin supplements significantly reduce the risk of babies with a low birth weight compared to iron-folic acid supplementation. The study suggests that micronutrients supplementation could avoid approximately 1.5 million low birth weight babies globally each year.
Over 30 years, middle-aged women's levels of perceived mental stress have increased significantly, while their blood pressure has decreased. This is according to a Swedish study that followed 1,462 women from the 1960s to the 2000s.
Research found that 35 out of 1247 people experienced recurrent strokes within 24 hours after their initial TIA, highlighting the need for rapid medical attention
A new study found that early prenatal exposure to the Hong Kong flu may have interfered with fetal cerebral development and caused reduced intelligence in adulthood. The study involved over 180,000 men born between 1967 and 1973 and showed a significant association between prenatal exposure to the virus and lower intelligence scores.
A French study found that healthy elderly people who report feeling sleepy during the day have a significantly higher risk of dying from cardiovascular disease. The Three City study found a 49% relative risk increase of cardiovascular death compared to those who do not report sleepiness.
Elevated nonfasting triglyceride levels are associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, according to a large population-based study. The study found that men and women with higher triglyceride levels had significantly increased risks of stroke, with the risk doubling or tripling for certain ranges of triglyceride levels.
A genome-wide study has uncovered a significant increase in genetic distances towards Northern Europe compared to Central Europe. The analysis of dense single nucleotide polymorphisms across the whole genome found substantial genetic differences between Eastern and Western Finland.
Studies found that people with high sociability tend to migrate to urban areas over long distances, while those with high activity have a tendency to move both urban and rural locales. Emotional individuals are more likely to move away from home but don't migrate far or often.
A large population-based study of 659,000 women found that almost 20% develop type 2 diabetes within 9 years of pregnancy. The rate of diabetes increased rapidly after delivery, peaking at 9 years. Higher urban statistics and older mothers also increase risk factors for gestational diabetes.
Researchers found no therapeutic benefit in low-sodium diets for adults with asthma, contrary to past studies. The study suggests that further dietary research should focus on factors other than sodium.
A new University of Illinois study found that public school students made significantly greater gains in math scores by fifth grade compared to their Catholic school peers. Public schools rivaled the performance of other non-Catholic private schools, suggesting they are at least as effective in promoting student learning over time.
A study of 1,889 participants found a graded relation between oxidized LDL and incident metabolic syndrome, with those having higher levels at increased risk. Oxidized LDL was also associated with abdominal obesity, high fasting glucose, and high triglyceride measurements.
As people age, they experience more feelings of ease and contentment than younger counterparts. The study found that aging is associated with more positive than negative emotions, and more passive than active emotions.
The study found that aging is associated with more positive than negative emotions, and more passive than active emotions. Women had more negative than positive emotions, and participants with higher income and education levels had significantly more positive emotions.
A Swedish study found that women who consumed wine regularly had a lower risk of developing dementia compared to those who drank beer or liquor. The study, which followed 1,458 women over 34 years, suggests that moderate wine consumption may have protective effects against dementia.
A recent survey of over 13,000 shoppers reveals that tightwads are more prevalent than spendthrifts due to the emotional pain associated with spending. Tightwads tend to save because forking out money is too painful an experience.
A new US population-based study found that elevated liver enzymes discovered during routine medical care are associated with a higher risk of mortality. Elevated AST and ALT levels were linked to increased standardized mortality rates, suggesting these simple blood tests could be valuable indicators of long-term outcome.
A study of 829 Canadian women diagnosed with early breast cancer found that they lost an average of 27% of their typical income during the first 12 months after diagnosis. The researchers also discovered that wage losses were more common among less educated women, those with more serious disease, and those with less social support.
A systematic review found that the risk of major stroke within a week after a minor stroke is substantial at 5.2%. Studies with emergency treatment in specialist stroke units showed the lowest risks, while population-based studies without urgent treatment had the highest risks.
The Lancet study found that maternal mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa are not decreasing fast enough to meet the MDG5 target, with a yearly rate of decline required to achieve the target being 5.5%. The authors conclude that a huge emphasis on improved pregnancy and delivery care is needed throughout the developing world.
A new study published in Molecular Ecology sheds light on the Galápagos hawk's evolutionary history by analyzing DNA sequences from feather lice. The research reveals how island populations of the bird might have colonized the Galápagos islands, and provides insights into the evolution of cooperative behavior.
Researchers studied classic films from Mitchell and Kenyon to confirm lefties' decline in Victorian England, which reversed in the 20th century. The study found that left-waving was more common than left-writing, suggesting a complex pattern of causes behind the decline.
Cancer incidence is higher among people with HIV/AIDS and organ transplant recipients due to immune system dysfunction. The study found a broad range of cancers at increased incidence across various sites.
A review of eight population-based studies found that none met criteria for accurate SIDS diagnosis, leading to inflated risk estimates. Families with initial investigation and no major risk factors can be advised that the risk of a second death is very small.
A recent study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings found that two-thirds of people using herbs do so without following scientific guidelines. The study, which analyzed data from a 2002 National Health Interview Survey, highlights concerns about the potential adverse effects and interactions of herbal supplements with therapeutic drugs.
Researchers found evidence of three distinct star populations born within 200 million years in the massive globular cluster NGC 2808. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that all stars originated at the same time and place, shedding new light on stellar formation in distant galaxies.
New observations by the Hubble Space Telescope reveal that a massive globular cluster can go through several periods of intense stellar formation, contradicting the previous accepted single burst theory. The analysis shows three distinct populations of stars, each with a slightly different mix of chemical elements.
A population-based study found clinically significant variation in breast cancer treatment rates across Manitoba, suggesting the guidelines have not met their objective. The study's findings imply that guideline implementation is not a straightforward process and that other factors influence adoption.
Researchers at Harvard School of Public Health found an association between higher vitamin D levels and a lower risk of developing multiple sclerosis. The study suggests that increasing vitamin D levels may prevent many cases of MS, with benefits potentially extending to preventing osteoporosis.
A Mayo Clinic study reveals that children with recurrent strep throat who retain their tonsils are at triple the risk of developing subsequent episodes. Tonsillectomy is found to be an effective treatment for this condition, decreasing infections and improving quality of life.
A recent study published in The Lancet reveals that over 78 million Asians are living in extreme poverty due to out-of-pocket healthcare payments. This is 2.7% higher than previously estimated poverty rates, with the burden of healthcare payments being highest in Vietnam and lowest in Malaysia.
The Genetics and Public Policy Center will conduct a public discussion about future potential large U.S. population-based studies examining the roles of genes and environment in human health. The study aims to unravel complex genetic and environmental factors contributing to common diseases such as cancer and heart disease.
A comprehensive study of 2,128 individuals found that openness to surgery and higher education level significantly influenced the likelihood of undergoing joint replacement surgery. Education was a key factor in increasing willingness to consider TJA, regardless of socioeconomic status or disability.
As early as 20 years from now, Germany's hours worked per capita may decrease by 8 percent due to the aging population. This shift requires a more flexible and evenly distributed workforce to maintain productivity.
A new study from the Mayo Clinic contradicts previous research suggesting a link between patent foramen ovale (PFO) and stroke risk. The study found that traditional cardiovascular risk factors are more important than PFOs in causing cryptogenic strokes in older adults, while younger patients may have a higher risk associated with PFOs.
The study suggests that factors like lack of transportation, poor financial situation, and dementia might contribute to smoking cessation in older smokers. Despite the potential benefits, quitting smoking at an advanced age can significantly lower the risk of death.
A large population-based study found that older men with early prostate cancer who received radiation therapy or surgery lived significantly longer than those who were observed. The study, which examined over 48,000 men between 65 and 80 years old, demonstrated a survival advantage for treatment over observation.
A demographic analysis reveals significant disparities between damaged areas and undamaged zones, with black and poor residents facing greater odds of harm. The findings have implications for the future of the Gulf region, particularly in New Orleans.
Studies suggest a link between positive emotions and lower chronic illness rates, longevity, and improved self-rated health. However, the relationship is complex, and future research is needed to determine how emotions influence health.