Articles tagged with Population Studies
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that caring for preterm babies in single family rooms reduces the incidence of sepsis and improves exclusive breastfeeding rates compared to traditional open ward neonatal units. However, long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes were not significantly different between babies cared for in single...
A pay-it-forward model increased gonorrhea and chlamydia testing among Chinese gay men, with 54% opting in compared to 6%. The program identified previously untested individuals and may be a promising strategy for integrated HIV/STD testing.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that underrepresented populations are less likely to be eligible for hip or knee replacement surgeries due to inflexible hospital requirements. The researchers aimed to measure how these criteria worsen health disparities and identify disadvantaged groups affected.
A study by Binghamton University researchers found that individuals who prefer casual sex still desire intimacy and affection. The study revealed that partners were more likely to engage in intimate activities in romantic relationships than in casual sex, but the rate of these acts in casual sex was higher than expected.
Researchers found that frequent sauna users had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular death compared to infrequent users. The study, which followed over 1,600 participants for 15 years, also found that longer sauna sessions were associated with lower mortality rates.
Researchers found that traditional personality traits, like the Big Five, may not be universal across cultures. To improve psychological science, experts recommend considering socioecological theory and diversifying study samples from non-Western populations.
To achieve an 80% HPV vaccination rate by 2026, 14.39 million more US adolescents will need to receive the vaccine, with a disproportionate burden among males, whites, and privately insured teens. The majority of those who haven't been vaccinated yet had opportunities to do so during wellness visits.
Researchers found that listening to a speaker repeat a belief increases its believability, especially for those with existing beliefs. However, hearing accurate information overrides myths for those on the fence. The study's findings have potential implications for policymakers seeking to correct misinformation in vulnerable communities.
A 10-year study found that bird diversity in Honduras cloud forests is moving higher in elevation, driven by globally rising temperatures and land protection limitations.
A recent study has found that consuming more phosphate with food increases blood pressure and pulse rate in healthy young adults. The study, published in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, suggests that increased phosphate intake can lead to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Agriculture arose from moments of environmental surplus and improving conditions, where populations lived in greater densities. The study, published in Nature Human Behaviour, reveals common patterns across 12 centers of origin, with maps predicting global population densities dating back thousands of years.
A study identifies genetic variants related to consonant processing, dyslexia, and reading performance. Variations in the READ1 sequence are tied to modern human-specific changes acquired between 4 million and 550,000 years ago.
Researchers have identified three distinct macrophage populations that play different roles in the development of atherosclerosis. These findings provide new insights into the disease and may lead to improved treatments. The study used single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze immune cell populations in affected vessels.
A study of 2,500 participants found that deployment to combat units was associated with lower odds of e-cigarette use. Soldiers who perceived e-cigarettes as less harmful had a 61% reduction in risk of using them.
A study of 302 postmenopausal women found that prescribed vaginal estradiol hormone tablets and over-the-counter vaginal moisturizer didn't improve symptom relief or sexual function compared to a placebo. The researchers conclude that a better understanding of the underlying mechanism is needed to develop more effective treatments.
A recent study published in Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics found that long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use does not increase the risk of hip fractures among people with Alzheimer's disease. The study followed a cohort of over 4,800 participants and analyzed their medication use.
A 40-year study quantifies Bt corn's benefits for offsite crops like sweet corn, peppers, and green beans, showing 90% European corn borer population suppression. The adoption of Bt corn reduces spraying regimens and overall crop damage by up to 90%.
New studies suggest that concentrating control measures in high-incidence districts and areas surrounding cholera victims' homes can significantly reduce the disease's impact. By targeting these hotspots, Africa could cut its cholera burden by 50 percent.
A study published in CMAJ found that older age at immigration and emigration from regions with high TB incidence increase the risk of TB in Canada. Latent TB screening and treatment are suggested as practical solutions to reduce TB incidence in these high-risk groups.
The international team's roadmap outlines research directions to boost human radioresistance through gene therapy, radioprotective mechanisms, and regenerative technologies. This could extend the healthspan of spacefarers and enable safe long-term space colonization.
A new U.S.-wide report card ranks all 50 states on their maternity care quality, revealing a strong connection between midwifery integration and improved birth outcomes. States with high midwifery integration scores tend to have lower rates of premature births, cesarean deliveries, and newborn deaths.
A new study of over 6,000 first-graders across four US communities has found a significant number of children have fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), with conservative rates ranging from 1 to 5 percent. FASD is an umbrella term for health effects caused by prenatal alcohol exposure.
Experts say pay for performance programs have limited effect, with no significant difference in mortality rates between early and late adopters. The study suggests that increasing incentives and focusing on key measures may improve outcomes.
A population-based study of patients with hip fracture surgery and elective total hip replacement found that overlapping surgery was associated with an increased risk for complications, especially in nonelective procedures. The duration of the surgical overlap appeared to increase the risk.
A study of 2,908 participants found no change in glycemic control among people with diabetes in the US between 1998-2010 and 2007-2014. Despite an increase in awareness and testing for HbA1c levels, there was no significant improvement in glycemic control during this period.
A recent study found that dietary isoflavone intake was associated with an elevated risk of advanced prostate cancer, but not non-advanced cases. Isoflavones are a type of phytoestrogen found in soybeans and other plants.
A new study published in The Lancet Global Health found that cerebral palsy is more common and has higher mortality in Uganda compared to high-income countries. The study, which analyzed data from over 30,000 children, suggests that cerebral malaria is a major cause of brain damage in infants.
A new study found that complementary and alternative medicine is being used by one in four Europeans to remedy various health problems. Women and those with higher education are more likely to use these treatments. The most commonly used forms of treatment were massage, homeopathy, osteopathy, and herbal remedies.
A study by The Lancet Public Health found that US women must travel an average of 11 miles to access an abortion clinic, but one in five would need to travel over 43 miles. This disparity is particularly pronounced in rural areas, where some women face distances exceeding 180 miles for access.
The study projects an increase in kinless adults among US citizens, particularly white and black Americans, from 2015-2060. The percentage of kinless adults is expected to more than double for white Americans and nearly triple for black Americans.
A study by Dr Alastair Harry found that nearly a third of shark populations had underestimated ages, with an average underestimation of 18 years. This could lead to inefficient management and research priorities, affecting the many disciplines relying on baseline life history data.
A new study found that 80% of activity tracker users stuck with the device for at least six months. The populations that could benefit most may not be using these technologies. Gamification and financial incentives were key to sustained use, but more effort is needed to engage low-income individuals.
Nurses who regularly clean surfaces with disinfectants face a 22-32% increased risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Exposure to specific chemicals like glutaraldehyde, bleach, and quaternary ammonium compounds also increases COPD risk.
A new US nationally representative study found that romance and affection are the most appealing and common sexual behaviors, contrary to stereotypes. Researchers discovered a wide range of diverse behaviors, with men and women engaging in various romantic and affectionate acts.
Over a 20-year period, the gender gap in death from heart attack has reduced significantly, with overall in-hospital mortality for heart attack patients halved. Younger women have seen particularly significant reductions in mortality, with decreases of 6% and 13% in mortality rates for STEMI and NSTEMI patients, respectively.
A study led by Penn State researchers found that wood frog populations are more sensitive to changes in temperature or temperature interacting with precipitation than to changes in precipitation alone. This suggests that sensitivity to climate change cannot be predicted solely by knowing locations within the species' climate envelope.
A population-based study found a 16% increased risk of hospitalization among elderly individuals taking potentially inappropriate medications. The study estimated that 27,444 fewer hospitalizations would have occurred if exposure to these medications had been zero.
The study found that men have a higher plaque burden than women, and that it increases with age. The 3D vascular ultrasound technique has the potential to become a key screening tool for identifying at-risk individuals.
Researchers are studying tiny roundworms to understand how grandparents' diets and experiences affect their grandchildren's health. The study aims to create a detailed map of epigenetic markings and explore the consequences of inherited epigenetic information.
A recent analysis found that individuals with debilitating pain had a higher risk of dying during the study. Those with severe pain interference reported significantly increased risks of mortality.
Researchers have identified 16 new genetic markers associated with psoriasis, bringing the total to 63 loci linked to the disease. The largest psoriasis meta-analysis to date, involving over 39,000 participants, has shed light on pathways related to the disease and pinpointed potential gene targets.
A study published in JAMA Neurology examined the association of long-term opioid therapy with functional status, adverse outcomes, and death among patients with polyneuropathy. The study found that patients with polyneuropathy were more likely to receive long-term opioid therapy and experience depression, opioid dependence, or overdose.
A study found long-term off-label quinine use for muscle cramps increases the risk of death, with a higher risk observed in those under 50 years old. The risk is also dose-dependent, with exposure to 200mg/d or higher increasing mortality rates.
A team of neuroscientists has developed a technique that predicts brain age based on MRI scans, finding a link between the discrepancy and increased risk of mental and physical health decline. The study shows that those with 'older brains' are more likely to die before 80, suggesting potential for early intervention.
Researchers developed and evaluated MyFamilyPlan, a web-based preconception health education module. The study found that women who used the online format were about twice as likely to discuss preconception health with their doctors. This increase in discussions was associated with improved patient care.
Researchers found no relationship between family-meal frequency and weight but did find that eating home-cooked meals without TV or video significantly lowered obesity odds. Engaging in both healthy practices every time they ate family meal was the lowest risk.
Researchers have identified two genes linked to IgA nephropathy, a common cause of kidney failure. The study found that variations in these genes, C1GALT1 and C1GALT1C1, are significantly more common in patients with high levels of the Gd-IgA1 marker.
A new study proposes strategies to intensify prevention efforts in communities heavily affected by HIV, highlighting structural factors that contribute to HIV disparities. Researchers found that demographic, physical and social contexts where individuals interact are associated with behavioral and biological HIV risk.
A large-scale study led by Dr. Laurent Azoulay found no association between androgen deprivation therapy and an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease in patients with advanced prostate cancer. The study analyzed data from nearly 31,000 men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer over a 27-year period.
A study by the University of Texas at Austin found that blacks are more likely to lose a parent during childhood and experience multiple family member deaths by mid-life. This trend is expected to have long-term damaging effects on black Americans' health.
A new study uses herbaria specimens to show a decrease in white trillium leaf area due to deer overbrowsing, indicating lower reproductive potential. The research demonstrates the value of herbaria collections for long-term plant population studies.
A recent study found that benzodiazepines and related drugs are associated with a 20% higher risk of stroke among persons with Alzheimer's disease. The association is stronger for ischemic strokes than hemorrhagic strokes. Cardiovascular risk factors did not explain the link.
A study published in JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute found that high consumption of grilled, barbecued, and smoked meats may increase mortality risk after breast cancer diagnosis. The research evaluated the link between these meat types and survival time among 1508 Long Island women with breast cancer.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research found that German men have fewer children than women and have them later in life. Eastern Germany's male birthrate is particularly low due to a surplus of men in reproductive age.
A statistical approach called tree bootstrapping can accurately assess uncertainty in RDS studies, enabling researchers to draw firm conclusions about vulnerable groups. This method has been applied to existing and future RDS studies, providing a basis for policy responses.
The study highlights the lack of research on bite-mark identification and its low validity. Forensic dentists' claims of unique dental signatures are unfounded, leading to wrongful convictions. Recent DNA exonerations support the rejection of bite-mark identifications as reliable evidence.
A new study found that people aged 70 and older who continue to smoke are more than three times as likely to die as never-smokers. Quitting smoking at any age also reduces the risk of death after age 70, with former smokers less likely to die if they quit earlier.
A recent study found that 19% of Twitter election-related tweets were created by social robots, distorting the online discussion and potentially polarizing it. The research also highlighted the sophisticated tactics used by 'master puppeteers' to create fake profiles and manipulate public opinion.
A study of electronic prescriptions and nonadherence rates found that patients receiving e-prescriptions had a 16 percentage point lower risk of nonadherence compared to those with paper prescriptions. The rate of nonadherence decreased with age, but increased among older adults.
A study of 1000 adult patients in Singapore found that gastrointestinal-related ADRs were common, while cardiovascular drugs caused the majority. Patients with ADRs had a longer hospital stay, suggesting some ADRs may be predictable based on genetics.