Articles tagged with Economics Research
The new system corrects for atmospheric distortion, allowing for higher resolution images. The technology is scalable and suitable for large telescopes like the E-ELT, and can be integrated into existing ones.
Agricultural Research Service study finds chicken litter has a value of about $78 a ton, compared to traditional synthetic fertilizers, resulting in 12% higher cotton yields and increased farmer profits. The research also shows farmers can further increase profits by using less fertilizer.
A recent study found that 20.4% of peer-reviewed articles published in 2008 were freely available online, with the highest share in Earth Sciences (33%) and the lowest in Chemistry (13%). The study suggests that author-posted manuscript copies dominate certain fields, while OA journals are more common in Medicine and Biochemistry.
The study found that participation in the National School Lunch Program significantly increases educational opportunity and attainment, while having an insignificant effect on adult health levels. The program encouraged children to attend school more than they would have without it, based on data from the U.S. Census.
A new study found that areas in Russia with significant Jewish populations suffered from lower economic growth, wages, and per-capita GDP since World War II. These regions also exhibited stronger support for Communist candidates and a lasting resistance to political reform.
A new study by UAB researchers confirms that states with high levels of defense spending have lower poverty rates, less income inequality, and higher median family income. The study also demonstrates the U.S. economy's increasing dependence on military spending.
A recent study by Moises Arce found that protests in Latin America can lead to changes in policies and the direction of government. New parties emerging from these protests better represent popular interests and serve as effective communication channels for political discourse.
A University of British Columbia study suggests that screening participants based on these factors can reduce costs while safeguarding their welfare. The researchers found that a full radiological exam before enrolling women with a family history of aneurysm is cost-effective, but not necessary for men without such a history.
Four Tufts graduate students have won $10,000 from the Dow Sustainability Innovation Student Challenge for their research into sustainable solutions to global challenges. The winners proposed innovative projects on topics such as clean water access, food security, and animal species decline.
The formation of aerosols in the atmosphere is a major source of uncertainty in climate predictions. Researchers are working to understand how aerosols form, particularly at the molecular level. The interaction between organic acids and sulfuric acid can facilitate aerosol formation by creating a critical nucleus.
A new manifesto calls for a radical change in the global innovation agenda to address poverty, environmental degradation, and inequality. The report recommends policies to increase transparency, accountability, and inclusive innovation, with diverse stakeholders involved.
New research on tequila and Comte cheese GIs highlights the importance of product quality, terroir protection, and regional development. The study finds that the tequila GI's lack of guidance on production methods leads to industrialization and erosion of traditional character.
A MSU-led study examines the relationship between microfinance institutions and the larger economy, finding that economic growth boosts microbank profits. The research suggests that countries with less manufacturing activity tend to support more successful microfinance operations.
A Seattle study finds that children living in disadvantaged neighborhoods are more likely to be obese. The research reveals that socioeconomic factors such as low education levels, single-parent households, and high household income disparities contribute to childhood obesity rates.
A study by economists Scott Carrell and James West found that experienced professors better prepare students for future academic success. However, students' teaching evaluations often reflect short-term gains rather than long-term knowledge retention.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine warn that hospital cutbacks during the current recession may compromise quality and safety. Hospitals are reducing staff, scrapping renovation plans, and cutting back on technology to cope with declining profits and lost health insurance, threatening patient interactions and robust nurse-to-patient ratios.
The INTERNET project seeks to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions from ICT networks. Leading research in optical networks, optimization protocols, and data communications will help establish new techniques for enhanced performance and sustainable growth.
A new atlas highlights the critical role of politics in driving biodiversity loss, emphasizing the need for policy reforms to reduce pressure on biodiversity. The atlas combines key research findings from a major European project and provides recommendations for policymakers and conservationists.
Researchers discovered that groups of cockroaches forage for food collectively, leading to a better understanding of their behavior. This finding could lead to the development of more effective pest control methods using pheromones or insecticides.
Two studies by Indiana University researchers found little influence of compression garments on running mechanics and economy in highly trained distance runners. While some subjects experienced improvement in their oxygen consumption, it was largely attributed to a psychological component rather than the garment itself.
A sociological study examines the largest US corporations and finds that capital dependence on investors creates incentives for financial malfeasance. The multilayer-subsidiary business model also creates opportunities for managers to engage in improper reporting, leading to significant restatements.
Research from Brigham Young University reveals that employees who telecommute and use flexible schedules balance their work and family life better than office workers. The study found that telecommuters can maintain a healthy balance for 57 hours per week, compared to 38 hours for office workers.
A new voting system, standardized bidding, is designed to provide efficiency in common decisions without the presence of money or monetary transfer. The system protects minorities and maximizes social well-being by allowing voters to order alternatives according to their preferences on a numeric scale.
The University of Missouri has received a $6.8 million cooperative agreement to help primary care providers select and use electronic health records. This will improve quality, safety, and efficiency in patient care for thousands of patients statewide.
A Texas A&M University oceanographer is leading a team to investigate the massive amounts of methane in the Gulf oil spill. The research aims to understand how this potent greenhouse gas affects oxygen levels and potentially exacerbates 'dead zones.'
A Seattle obesity study reveals that physical proximity to a supermarket is not the primary factor in determining healthy eating habits, with economic access playing a crucial role. The research found that people often shop at supermarkets over three miles away to save money, highlighting the need for more affordable and nutritious foo...
The EUREKA ITEA 2 project developed advanced digital technologies for robust analytical algorithms, a scalable platform, and content presentation that adapts to devices, users, and content. Key innovations include automated video content analysis for surveillance, medical diagnostics, and multimedia applications.
A recent study by University of Missouri researcher Tansel Yilmazer found that small business relationships with financial institutions affect loan applications and approvals. The study, published in Financial Management, suggests that good relationships can lead to lower loan rates during economic expansions.
A new study by Durham University has found that a computer-based technique can improve the ability of partially-sighted people to 'see' better. The research tested patients with hemianopia, a condition affecting their visual field, and found that they became faster and more accurate at detecting objects on a computer screen.
A study by University of Missouri researcher Rui Yao found that older Chinese consumers perceive themselves 20-40 years younger than their actual age. The study suggests marketers should focus on energetic and youthful campaigns to appeal to this demographic.
Children requiring home mechanical ventilation often receive frequent chest x-rays, but research suggests these may not be necessary to change treatment plans. Researchers analyzed records of 28 patients and found that two-thirds of repeat x-rays did not prompt changes within 24 hours.
A previously-unknown ion channel in human blood vessels has been identified as a natural defence mechanism against heart disease. Pregnenolone sulphate, a 'fountain of youth' steroid, can trigger this protective effect in diseased and healthy blood vessels alike.
A longitudinal study of over 1,300 children found that early child care quality predicts higher test scores in cognitive and academic achievement, fewer behavior problems, and less impulsivity. The study supports the idea that early childhood experiences can have long-lasting effects on teenagers' development.
A study found that childhood psychological disorders can diminish people's ability to work and earn as adults, with effects lasting up to 40 years. The conditions also lead to reduced income by about 20%, lower education attainment, and an increased risk of marriage problems.
A study published in the Journal of Political Economy suggests that government regulation of nurses' pay leads to higher death rates in U.K. hospitals. The research found a significant association between regulated wages and increased heart attack death rates.
Bruno Sinopoli, an assistant professor at Carnegie Mellon University, has received a $400,000 grant to investigate tools and methodologies for designing and analyzing cyber-physical systems. His goal is to set new standards for the robustness and security of critical infrastructures such as power grids and transportation systems.
The ESCEO-IOF-ABBH Young Investigator Award recognizes the work of young researchers who have made significant contributions to osteoporosis research. The award is presented to researchers under the age of 40 who have submitted high-quality abstracts to the IOF WCO-ECCEO10 congress.
A recent study found that local newspapers have a significant impact on electoral accountability by providing voters with crucial information about their representatives. In areas where members of Congress receive extensive coverage in local newspapers, voters are more informed and representatives tend to be more constituent-centered.
Researchers have identified genetic markers that can enhance wheat varieties with improved nutritional content, particularly in exotic germplasm. The HEALTHGRAIN project has developed new tools for plant breeders to exploit this variation, leading to the creation of new wheat varieties with enhanced health benefits.
A new study suggests using herbicides to sterilize weedy grasses instead of killing them may be a more economical and environmentally sound strategy. Growth regulator herbicides, when applied at the right growth stage, can reduce weed seed production without harming desirable perennial grasses.
The European HEALTHGRAIN consortium established a unified definition of whole grain, considering its industrial practices and nutritional benefits. The new definition includes intact kernels with inedible parts removed, while allowing temporary separation during processing.
Low-external-input cropping systems reduce energy and yield impacts compared to conventional corn and soybean rotation. Manure application decreases fossil fuel energy costs without significantly increasing labor inputs.
Michigan State scientists are developing an electromagnetic trap to capture fleeting matter, aiming to reveal the nature of the universe. The new technology will provide researchers with access to rare isotopes produced in high-speed particle collisions.
A recent survey found that managed honey bee colonies nationwide experienced a 33.8% loss rate from October 2009 to April 2010, with starvation, poor weather, and weak colonies being the top reasons for mortality. The continued high losses pose an economic challenge for commercial beekeepers.
Researchers at Arizona State University and Indiana University found that communication improves joint outcomes when managing common-pool resources. In experiments with costly fines, participants improved their harvest output greatly when given a chance to communicate.
Research published in BioMed Central's Population Health Metrics journal found Canadians live longer and healthier lives compared to Americans. Canada's universal healthcare system and lower levels of poverty contribute to the disparity in life expectancy between the two countries.
Researchers discovered that reflecting on alternative scenarios where an institution did not exist can increase employee commitment to the organization. This 'near-loss' mentality fosters a positive view of current circumstances, leading to improved morale and institutional prosperity.
A review of studies suggests patients and research participants believe financial relationships between medicine and industry should be disclosed due to potential bias in research and clinical care. Disclosure has been recommended or required by medical associations and policymakers, but its impact on decision-making remains unknown.
Researchers found that universities cut faculty and staff when endowment investments decline, but not administrators. Universities with larger endowment declines make deeper cuts to non-administrative positions.
Researchers are developing a new chemical enhanced oil recovery technology to access the remaining oil in existing US reservoirs. The project aims to increase domestic oil production from marginal wells, reducing reliance on deepwater drilling.
Richard Goldstein, a professor at Boston University School of Medicine, has been awarded an Individual Biomedical Research Award for his project on developing a vaccine against Streptococcus pneumoniae. The proposed vaccine targets highly conserved surface proteins across all pneumococcal strains.
Researchers found that variations in STX1A expression account for 15.6% of cognitive variation in WS patients, a high level of confidence compared to prior genetic studies.
Indeval, Mexico's Central Securities Depository, won the INFORMS Edelman Award for implementing an operations research-based engine in its Securities Settlement System (SSS). The system settles over $250 billion daily and reduces liquidity requirements by 52%.
Researchers are working on new parts, an electric demonstration model, and a networked battery system to address challenges in electromobility. The goal is to provide maximum capacity, energy efficiency, and reliability for electric vehicles.
Using productive farmland to grow crops for food instead of fuel is more energy efficient, according to a new study by MSU scientists. No-till production was found to be the most energy-efficient system for growing grain for food or fuel production.
CanCOLD is a nationwide study to understand Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), improving its management and reducing its burden. The MUHC leads the pan-Canadian initiative, which aims to demystify COPD and improve public awareness.
Researchers will examine the relationship between housing status and cardiovascular risk among nearly 1,000 Latino adults. The study aims to influence housing policy and reduce racial disparities in cardiovascular health.
The Rutgers University Cell and DNA Repository is experiencing unprecedented demand for its services, doubling every two to three years, due to the growing need for genetic clues to autism, schizophrenia, and other diseases. The new expansion will turn the repository into a robotics-driven laboratory, allowing for deeper and finer geno...
A study by Ohio State University found that social factors like population growth and violent conflict are more important than democracy in expanding Internet use. Strong capitalism can help a country join the online community even if it lacks democratic freedoms.
Researchers reveal that Patagonia's indigenous societies were dynamic, with complex social organization, linguistic diversity and high mobilization capacity. They also adjusted their internal characteristics to cope with change.