Articles tagged with Economics Research
Research by Dr. Atul Gawande and collaborators developed a core set of safety standards for surgery, resulting in over 1,600 hospital implementations globally and widespread adoption across 16 countries.
A new study analyzing performance reports from medical groups found that pay-for-performance (P4P) initiatives had limited impact on overall care quality. Despite incentivizing providers to focus on preventative medicine, researchers discovered a lack of positive spillovers to other areas of care.
Researchers used radar equipment to observe migrating butterflies and moths flying several hundreds of metres above the ground, highlighting their remarkable abilities. The study found that these insect migrants can travel nearly twice as far and closer to their preferred direction as an insect just randomly drifting downwind.
A Kansas State University economist found that SAT scores and college chances for native students are not negatively affected by immigration. The study, published in Economics Education Review, analyzed data from California and Texas schools between 1994 and 2001.
A new research network, backed by $5 million in funding from NSERC, aims to accelerate solar cell research and development to make large-scale PV deployment more competitive. The network will train 88 researchers over five years and focus on increasing device conversion efficiency and reducing costs.
Research reveals that people with Parkinson's disease are often isolated and stigmatized based on their communication style. The study shows that negative perceptions of speech patterns can limit opportunities for social interaction and reduce full participation in society.
A new study from North Carolina State University reveals that the Norway Fund, a leading sovereign wealth fund, operates primarily driven by profit. The research suggests that other sovereign wealth funds may also be profit-driven, contradicting concerns about political motivations.
Researchers argue that biologically diverse plantations can alleviate social, economic and ecological pressures on natural forests. These plantations can sequester carbon, mitigate climate change and restore ecological services. Well-planned plantations can help preserve high diversity old-growth forests.
A Spanish study found that mental illnesses are the second leading cause of temporary and permanent sick leave in Spain. The research estimated a total social cost of at least €7.019 billion, with direct non-medical costs accounting for nearly half of this amount.
Research suggests that privatizing government-owned banks can result in a collapse of depositors' confidence, triggering bank runs and financial instability. Effective regulation is crucial to prevent this outcome, as it allows for the banking system to finance economic growth.
A team of researchers used new mathematical tools to reveal major shifts in the structure of scientific research, tracking changes in neuroscience from an interdisciplinary specialty to a full-fledged scholarly discipline. The analysis resulted in striking images demonstrating the evolution of the field over time.
Climate experts propose international research and field-testing on solar-radiation management (SRM) to limit climate change impacts. SRM could offset this century's predicted global average temperature rise more than 100 times cheaper than cutting emissions.
The International Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems Research aims to foster wide-ranging discussion across disciplines to find solutions to future transportation systems and their impact on society. The journal will publish original research and survey papers, aiming to meet the needs of today's world.
The study found that basic emotions are shared by all humans, with laughter being a universally recognisable sound. The researchers used a short story with different emotional sounds to test participants from Britain and Namibia.
New research raises concerns that broadening NHS treatment evaluation could harm both the NHS and economy. The study found widening the analysis could require trade-offs between health impact, social concerns and economic benefits.
The University of Chicago has established a new center for chemical innovation to pursue research on non-equilibrium chemistry, materials growth, and reactions in liquids. The center aims to develop new ways to convert methane into synthesis gas, producing liquid fuels and hydrogen.
Researchers at LSU Health Sciences Center have identified a novel mechanism that triggers brain damage during stroke, which they believe can be blocked using a high-potency reagent. This breakthrough may provide a new therapeutic target for stroke therapy, offering hope for patients affected by this devastating disease.
A new report from the Center for Services Leadership provides valuable insights on how top companies deliver exceptional customer service. Key findings include the importance of services in driving economies and the need for businesses to focus on creating and delivering customer-centric service solutions.
Research from North Carolina State University identifies trends among states with the biggest funding problems, offering insights into addressing unfunded liabilities. States with larger workforces per capita tend to have higher unfunded liabilities, while poor pension management also contributes to the issue.
Research found that UK prisoners formed groups along ethnic lines for protection and shared interests, yet experienced racist tensions. Prisons lacked gangs, but minority ethnic prisoners faced harsh treatment from staff, sparking fears of institutional racism.
A nationwide ban on affirmative action in college admissions would cause a 10% drop in black and Hispanic enrollment at the nation's most selective colleges and universities. Overall black and Hispanic representation in four-year institutions would decline by two percent, according to the study.
A Cornell study analyzing 27 million online poker hands found that novice players tend to lose money despite winning more hands, as they struggle with occasional large losses versus frequent small gains. Small pairs are more valuable for small-stakes players than medium pairs due to their less ambiguous value.
Researchers have developed an algorithm and open source tool that reduces current software testing time by 300 times, increasing the efficiency of software testing across systems. The 'Just Enough Testing' project aims to re-use test results across different systems, reducing testing time for single systems.
Dr. Jay Kolls' research team has identified a unique group of white blood cells that rapidly produce cytokines to increase resistance to pneumonia. The grant will investigate the role of lung epithelium as the primary recipient of these signals and explore how these cells control infection defense in the lung.
A new policy paper questions the economic, environmental and logistical basis for billions of dollars in federal subsidies and protectionist tariffs for domestic ethanol producers. The report highlights the environmental threats posed by current biofuels policy and challenges claims that ethanol use lowers greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers will apply basic science discoveries from the LOX gene family to improve corn breeding for drought tolerance and aflatoxin resistance. The four-year project will help reduce losses caused by mycotoxins in Texas, estimated at $13 million in 2008.
A Stanford University study found that solar-powered drip irrigation systems significantly enhance household incomes and nutritional intake of villagers in arid sub-Saharan Africa. The system provided a reliable source of water, allowing farmers to produce more food and increase their income.
The police service is grappling with a range of challenges in the face of a global recession, including the risk of over-centralisation and politicization. Experts argue that policing must adapt to new priorities and acknowledge the limitations of its powers.
Researchers have developed a new technology called 'T-rays' that can penetrate through opaque dry materials without causing harm. This breakthrough could lead to new security measures, such as detecting weapons or drugs concealed on a human body, as well as medical applications, including material studies and biology.
Zhi-Xun Shen, director of SIMES, received the E.O. Lawrence Award for his groundbreaking discoveries and pioneering use of high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission to advance understanding of strongly correlated electron systems.
A large-scale analysis of 1.3 million US citizens revealed a close correlation between people's subjective life-satisfaction scores and objectively estimated quality of life, using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and environmental indicators.
The Department of Energy's 2009 Ernest Orlando Lawrence Award winners were announced by Secretary Chu. The award recognizes groundbreaking research in nonlinear Raman microscopy, environmentally-benign chemistries, and high-energy physics.
A new study found that CEO charismatic visions can lead to poor decisions by financial analysts and investors. Analysts who follow firms with high CEO charisma are more likely to make forecasting errors, which can impact stock prices and investor outcomes.
LA BioMed will receive over $4.5 million in Recovery Act grants to support groundbreaking research on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, heart disease, liver disease, cancer, and a vaccine against Candida infections. The grants will also create jobs and fund vital research.
A new report by the Economic and Social Research Council highlights the importance of volunteering in promoting employment and social inclusion. Key findings include successful examples of how volunteering helped individuals gain skills and find jobs.
A new University of Maryland study reveals that upgrading to energy-efficient natural gas furnaces and water heaters can save homeowners hundreds of dollars on average annual heating bills. The research also predicts the creation of over 80,000 jobs and a nine percent reduction in residential carbon emissions if state incentives encour...
Donations to overseas development charities have grown at an average rate of 7.4% per annum, exceeding household income and government aid growth rates. Individual giving is not deterred by government grants, with a new model suggesting a 10% change in household incomes produces a similar 10% change in donations.
Researchers at UCLA have genetically modified a cyanobacterium to consume carbon dioxide and produce isobutanol, a potential gasoline alternative. This method recycles carbon dioxide, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and uses solar energy, making it an efficient and less expensive approach than current biofuel production methods.
The Abu Dhabi Economics Research Agency (ADERA) has been founded to improve globally the level of economics research relevant to Abu Dhabi and its region. ADERA will fund research teams in affiliated universities and institutions around the world, providing high-quality research on sustainable economy and economic development.
Researchers found that even short interruptions can lead to longer completion times due to cognitive focus disruption. The study suggests designing pop-ups with minimal visual impact and providing time for users to rehearse their place before resuming tasks.
A study by Sheryl Thorburn found that women with lower incomes were more likely to experience insurance-based discrimination, particularly among those with Medicaid coverage. The analysis of 1998-2001 data showed that women with incomes below $15,000 reported the highest rates of discrimination.
A novel scleral lens has been shown to improve vision and quality of life for patients with severe cornea or ocular surface disease. The Boston Ocular Surface Prosthesis (BOS-P) was found to be clinically beneficial in a study conducted by Brandeis University researchers, who assessed 69 patients before and after fitting them with the ...
A recent study published in Financial Management argues that Chapter 11 reorganizations fail to offer a clean slate for firms to establish new capital structures. Despite substantial reductions in debt burden, firms still end up with higher debt ratios than industry norms.
A study by Dr. Tiziana Nazio found that public sector workers are more likely to have children due to the relative security of employment, flexible hours, and career progression linked to seniority. In contrast, men's careers do not directly influence their decision to have children, but rather the pattern of women's careers and househ...
A study by King's College London found that workplace basic skills courses had little impact on productivity and employability. Short course durations were identified as a major reason for the failure of the initiative. Conversely, participants reported increased confidence and a greater interest in education.
A study by John Coates and Lionel Page found that experienced traders outperform the market with a high Sharpe Ratio, indicating prudent risk-taking. The researchers also discovered that profit-sharing incentives encourage traders to lower risk variance.
A study by University of Missouri researcher Rebecca Meisenbach found that female breadwinners experience both benefits and tensions in their roles. Despite challenges such as pressure and guilt, many women enjoy a sense of independence and ambition, while also valuing their partners' contributions.
Research published in Strategic Organization highlights micro-level underpinnings of macroeconomic events, arguing that traditional theories are inadequate. The authors propose a new approach based on heterogeneous resources and capabilities, which can help resolve the current crisis.
The NIGMS has awarded 14 GO grants to scientists across 13 states, totaling $42.3 million. These grants focus on various areas of biomedical science, including personalized medicine, gene expression, and drug development.
A UK survey of 1500 respondents found that those who own their own home are more likely to separate rubbish than renters, while switching off lights in unused rooms is the most popular green behavior. The survey also shows that taking fewer flights and car sharing are less common.
This pioneering research projects recreate authentic sounds of the past using acoustics, enhancing our understanding of heritage and its impact on daily life. By studying past events through sound, researchers improve acoustic preservation of old buildings and design new ones to mitigate noise pollution.
The Spanish biotechnology industry should focus on the food and plant sectors to remain competitive. However, a study found that these sectors have less clout than English-speaking countries due to limited research and development investment. The sector's growth is hindered by high costs of developing new medicines.
A new study of Antarctica's past climate suggests that temperatures during interglacial periods may have been up to 6°C warmer than the present day. This finding could help understand rapid Antarctic climate changes and their connection to greenhouse gases.
Researchers have developed new tire materials that improve rolling resistance and reduce friction, boosting mileage and cutting CO2 emissions by up to 20%. The new technology, however, requires proper tire inflation to unlock its full potential.
A study published in JAMA found that telephone-delivered collaborative care for post-CABG depression significantly improved mental HRQL, physical functioning, and mood symptoms. Intervention patients reported a 50% or greater reduction in mood symptoms compared to those receiving usual care.
A University of California, Irvine computer model forecasts improved air quality in the Greater Los Angeles area if 75% of drivers switch to hydrogen fuel cell vehicles by 2060. The model suggests a 60% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and lower levels of soot and ozone.
Children as young as 11 can predict their future educational and career choices, according to a new study. The research highlights the importance of providing advice and information to children during secondary education to increase post-16 participation.
A new study by Queen's and Yale researchers finds that poor mental health in children and teenagers is linked to shorter schooling duration. The findings suggest targeting inattentive symptoms like ADHD and depression for policy design and potentially large benefits from childhood and adolescent health interventions.
A study by RAND Corporation suggests that slowing US healthcare spending will require new approaches, including changing payment methods for doctors and hospitals. The most promising option is bundling payments for medical care, which would encourage providers to eliminate unnecessary care and improve quality.
Researchers found features in rocks from the Buck Reef Chert that suggest water temperatures were significantly lower than previous studies had suggested, making conditions for life easier. This discovery could change our understanding of the earliest forms of life on Earth and potentially reveal new ways to study the planet's history.