Genetically diverse crowds are wiser
A new study by Dr. Meir Barneron found that genetically diverse groups outperform homogeneous groups in making collective judgments, suggesting genetic diversity enhances collective intelligence.
Decision Making
Articles tagged with Decision Making
Cash and conservation: A worldwide analysis of wildlife on money
A global analysis of wildlife on money reveals that native fauna are depicted on 15.2% of banknotes, with a strong bias towards terrestrial species and bird and mammal representations.
New study highlights the importance of psychological resilience in helping kids recover from concussions
A new study published in the journal Brain Connectivity reveals how psychological resilience can aid children's recovery from concussions. The research found that building resilience through supportive family environments and effective coping strategies may help young patients heal faster.
Insurance type and withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy in critically injured trauma patients
Critically injured trauma patients with private or Medicaid insurance tend to delay life-sustaining therapy withdrawals compared to uninsured patients. Socioeconomic factors, such as ability to pay, are likely associated with decision-making for withdrawing life-sustaining therapies.
HR departments ‘not trusted’ to deal with bullying
A new study published in the Journal of Business Ethics found that HR departments fail to address workplace bullying adequately, with employees describing them as weak and ineffective. The research suggests systemic failures due to factors such as legal ramifications, reputational damage, and concerns about losing perpetrators.
Texas A&M engineers explore intelligence augmentation to improve safety
Researchers are developing a framework to combine AI and human intelligence in process safety systems, aiming to enhance safety and efficiency. The study identifies challenges and benefits of using Intelligence Augmentation (IA) and proposes strategies for effective implementation to minimize risks.
Innovative approach to vaccine trials and pandemic preparedness
A new approach in vaccine research, adaptive platform trials (APTs), offers a flexible adjustment of study design during ongoing clinical trials. This allows for quick adaptation to new developments and enables the recruitment of large numbers of participants across different countries.
UCF researchers receive $1.2M DARPA grant to improve autonomous systems training
UCF researchers George Atia and Yue Wang received a $1.2 million DARPA grant to develop AI-based technologies that can help autonomous systems adapt to unknown variables and overcome simulation-to-real gap issues.
Ruled by robots: Research reveals people prefer AI to make decisions
A study found that over 60% of participants preferred AI decision-making over humans in redistributing earnings, despite potential discrimination concerns. However, participants were less satisfied with the fairness and accuracy of AI decisions compared to human-made choices.
Researchers uncover brain region’s role in hearing and learning
A University of Maryland study reveals how the brain adapts to different listening situations, with the orbitofrontal cortex playing a central role. The findings may have implications for human health and well-being, particularly in conditions such as autism, dyslexia, or schizophrenia.
Pitch perfect: match the message to the idea's newness, study finds
A study by Bayes Business School and universities found that pitches for radical ideas work better with concrete explanations, while progressive ideas benefit from abstract 'why' style pitches. Entrepreneurs should tailor their approaches to match the idea's novelty to attract investment.
Researchers develop an AI model that predicts Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy survival
A UCLA-led team created a machine-learning model that can accurately predict short-term CRRT survival, providing a data-driven tool for clinical decision-making. The study aims to improve patient outcomes and resource use by serving as a basis for future clinical trials.
Learning to act in the face of uncertainty
Researchers found that motor memories are influenced by cognitive processes, not just physical actions. The study used football penalty shootouts and robotic handle movements to demonstrate the brain's differentiation of actions based on decision uncertainty.
Harvard researchers find that gratitude is a useful emotional tool in reducing desire to smoke
Researchers found that evoking feelings of gratitude in smokers decreases their craving for cigarettes and increases their likelihood of enrolling in a smoking cessation program. The study suggests that public health campaigns should consider inducing gratitude instead of negative emotions to promote effective smoking cessation.
Public health beliefs predict support for climate action, study shows
A new study by Annenberg Public Policy Center researchers finds that science-consistent beliefs about climate change's public health effects predict support for climate policies. The study controlled for belief in climate change's existence and cause, highlighting the importance of grounded knowledge in promoting climate action.
Social media use is associated with more frequent vaccination
Researchers found a consistent positive relation between social media use and vaccination across all major political parties. For Democrats, social media exposure predicted greater vaccine uptake due to increased information about new pathogens. For Republicans, believing others were vaccinated was the key factor.
How can AI cope with changing categories?
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University have discovered a new scaling law that governs how artificial neural networks handle an increasing number of categories for identification. This law reveals how the identification error rate increases with the number of required recognizable objects, impacting AI latency and efficiency.
Study shows that Clinical decision support software can prevent 95% of medication errors in the operating room
A recent study published in Anesthesia & Analgesia found that clinical decision support software can prevent up to 95% of medication errors in the operating room. The software provides evidence-based information to clinicians at the point-of-care to enhance decision-making and prevent errors.
Virtual reality as a reliable shooting performance-tracking tool
A new study from Ohio State University found that virtual reality technology can accurately record shooting performance and track individuals' progress over time. The research team used the VirTra V-100 simulator to measure 21 relevant variables, including accuracy, decision-making, and reaction time.
Screen-based simulation supporting problem-based learning to improve football tactics
This study found that combining PBL with SBS enhanced tactical skills and decision-making among university football students. The experimental group outperformed the traditional teaching method in all areas, including decision-making, skills, and student engagement.
WVU research reveals patterns behind armed conflicts, bolstering national security
The study expands the Correlates of War Project's Militarized Interstate Dispute Data, adding new data spanning 2014-2024 and launching MID Live, an early detection mechanism for interstate hostilities. This helps inform security policies and strategies by analyzing evolving patterns of conflict and competition between states.
Methods to quit smoking effective regardless of mental health history
A survey of over 5,000 smokers found that mental health conditions do not affect the effectiveness of smoking cessation aids. The most effective aids were vaping products, varenicline, and heated tobacco products, with no differences in efficacy between people with mental health conditions.
Decoding self-initiative: How the brain governs goal-directed actions
A recent study discovered a critical brain signal mediated by dopamine and its 'D2' receptors that plays a crucial role in timing actions. The research team used novel imaging techniques to observe this activity before self-timed presses, finding a gradual increase in brain signals about half a second prior.
ACP recommends AI tech should augment physician decision-making, not replace it
The American College of Physicians (ACP) recommends that artificial intelligence (AI) technology should augment physician decision-making, rather than replacing it. ACP advises that AI tools should be designed to enhance human intelligence, prioritize privacy and clinical safety, and reduce disparities in healthcare.
Study shows disengaged students more likely to use AI tools for assignments
A Swansea University study found that disengaged students are more likely to use AI tools like ChatGPT for assignments, highlighting the need for proactive interventions. Degree apathy emerged as a significant predictor of AI tool usage, regardless of personality traits or academic performance.
New research platform assesses brain cancer mutations during surgery
A new surgical platform using mass spectrometry identifies key gene mutations in brain cancer, including IDH mutations, during surgery. This allows for rapid diagnosis, prognosis, and tumor resection to improve patient outcomes.
Emotional context in decision-making: Challenging Lewin's motivational conflicts theory
A recent study reviewed and challenged Kurt Lewin's long-standing motivational conflicts theory, finding that avoidance-avoidance conflicts are more challenging in positive and neutral contexts. The results expand our understanding of decision-making conflicts, highlighting the importance of emotional context in resolving these challen...
CHEST Critical Care and CHEST Pulmonary receive indexation with Directory of Open Access Journals
The American College of Chest Physicians' CHEST Critical Care and CHEST Pulmonary journals have been indexed with the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), enhancing their open access content's accessibility and usage. The indexation is attributed to strong editorial boards led by Hayley Gershengorn and Matthew Miles.
Oropharyngeal cancer staging health record extraction using AI
Researchers used AI to detect localized versus advanced cancer stages in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients. The study suggests improved patient care and clinical decision-making through AI-assisted health record extraction.
“What was that?” — How brains convert sounds to actions
A new study reveals that neural activity related to sound detection and movement are temporally separated but share commonalities, with neurons adapting their activity based on experience. The findings shed light on the brain's complex processing of sensory information and behavioral choices.
AI knowledge gets your foot in the door – new study
Graduates with AI knowledge are more likely to receive job interviews and better pay, according to a new study published in Oxford Economic Papers. Researchers found that applicants with AI capital were 54% more likely to get an interview invitation than those without, while larger firms valued AI skills even more.
Declination of treatment, racial and ethnic disparity, and overall survival in patients with breast cancer
A cross-sectional study found racial and ethnic disparities in breast cancer treatment declination and overall survival. The study suggests that patient education on treatment benefits and improved communication between patients and clinicians can help reduce disparities and improve patient outcomes.
Feeling blue, moving less? Or, moving more and feeling better? It could go both ways
A new study from the University of Toronto found that adults with higher depression symptoms are less likely to engage in physical activity, while being more active is linked to better mental health. The research suggests that current physical activity can have a lasting impact on future depression symptoms and vice versa.
Emergency department packed to the gills? Someday, AI may help
Researchers at UCSF used an AI model to analyze clinical notes and determine patient urgency, achieving an accuracy rate of 89% and surpassing human physician performance in 88% of cases. The study suggests AI could help alleviate ED overcrowding by providing backup decision-making tools for clinicians.
Study: humans rate artificial intelligence as more ‘moral’ than other people
A study by Georgia State University found that people rate AI responses as more virtuous and intelligent than human responses on moral issues. The AI system, ChatGPT, was able to fool participants into believing its responses were better, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of AI's role in society.
Spring snow, sparkling in the sun, can reveal more than just good skiing conditions
Researchers have analyzed over a thousand images of snow to study its optical properties. The findings show promise in improving avalanche safety and autonomous car technology, but more data is needed.
Quick decisions in soccer enhanced by brain’s ability to suppress actions
Researchers found that highly skilled soccer players exhibit faster reaction times and lower variability when faced with decision-making tasks. The study suggests that strong inhibitory processes play a crucial role in facilitating quick decisions on the field.
Challenges in Greenland marine research and insights and priorities for development of East Greenland marine and coastal environments
The report presents gained knowledge from stakeholders and parties on challenges in Greenland marine research and insights for developing East Greenland environments. The seminar and workshop emphasized the need for forward-looking approaches to inform decision-makers.
Improved AI confidence measure for autonomous vehicles
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University developed a new AI confidence measure that distinguishes between high- and low-confidence decision making in deep learning architectures. This breakthrough enables the creation of safer and more reliable autonomous vehicles by prioritizing human intervention when confidence levels are lower.
Developing best practices for human-AI collaboration in engineering design
Lehigh University researcher A. Emrah Bayrak explores best practices for human-AI collaboration in complex design tasks, aiming to maximize productivity and job satisfaction. His project uses models that predict human decision-making and combines it with AI's training data analysis to determine strategies for division of labor.
Second primary breast cancer in young breast cancer survivors
Young breast cancer survivors without germline pathogenic variants are at lower risk for developing a second primary breast cancer within the first decade after diagnosis. This study informs treatment decision-making and follow-up care considerations in this population.
People make more patient decisions when shown the benefits first
A new study published in Nature Communications found that people tend to prefer shorter-term options when presented with the delay first, but choose longer-term options when presented with the reward first. By focusing on the benefits of waiting, individuals can improve their self-control and make better long-term choices.
Researchers and practitioners have different views on seed transfer for ecological restoration
Scientists find a mismatch between research-driven approaches to seed provenancing and practical implementation challenges faced by restoration ecologists. Stakeholder survey results highlight the need for decision support frameworks that integrate science, practice, and stakeholder involvement.
Dr. Chana Sacks named Editor-in-Chief of NEJM Evidence
Dr. Chana Sacks is the new Editor-in-Chief of NEJM Evidence, focusing on providing high-quality, practice-changing evidence for medical professionals. The journal aims to change how medical professionals think about generating evidence while making clinical learning engaging and fun.
Differences in donor heart acceptance by race and gender of patients on the transplant waiting list
A study published in JAMA found that Black candidates have lower heart offer acceptance rates compared to white candidates of the same gender, while women have higher acceptance rates than men. These disparities persist after adjusting for various factors, highlighting the need for further investigation into site-level decision-making.
The complexities of lung cancer screening decisions among patients with comorbidities
Primary care physicians struggle to balance harms and benefits of lung cancer screening in patients with multiple health issues, often relying on clinical judgment. Ultimately, the decision rests with the patient, who makes their own choice despite physician advice.
How comparison options affect stock buys
The study found that people prefer investments with frequent returns, rather than low-probability high returns, due to the 'frequent winner effect'. This phenomenon affects decision-making in the face of uncertainty and is influenced by how people find information about stocks.
Study pulls back the curtain on Supreme Court decision-making
A new study published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A reveals that Supreme Court decisions are significantly shaped by interactions within the court. The researchers found that justices' decisions result from a complex process of negotiation and influence, rather than personal views or ideological leanings.
How do viruses choose whether to become nasty or not?
Researchers deciphered a novel process helping viruses choose to be nasty or friendly to their host bacteria. Phages use the bacterial immune system to make decisions, activating violent mode when necessary.
How does AI work?
Researchers at Bar-Ilan University discovered that each filter recognizes small clusters of images, with sharpened recognition as layers progress. This breakthrough can improve AI performance by reducing latency and memory usage while maintaining accuracy.
Guessing game: Response may bias understanding of future scenarios
A study published in Scientific Reports found that people who respond to estimations are more likely to be influenced by their previous answers, a phenomenon known as serial dependence. This could aid research into how information presentation affects human understanding.
Facing dementia: clarifying end-of-life choices, supporting better lives
The Hastings Center's new special report reviews options for supporting better lives of people facing dementia. The report analyzes care inequities and recommends policy changes to reduce financial hardships and social isolation associated with the diagnosis. It also explores emerging topics in health law and healthcare practice.
Patience pays off
Neuroscientists used wireless recording technology to investigate decision-making in rhesus monkeys foraging for food. The results show that monkeys learned to weigh time and past success when choosing between boxes, with longer wait times leading to more rewards.
Guardian of drone: Towards autonomous sea-land-air cloaks
A team at Zhejiang University has developed a self-driving cloaked unmanned drone with an intelligent aeroamphibious invisibility cloak, capable of manipulating electromagnetic scattering in real-time across dynamic environments. The cloak integrates perception, decision-making, and execution functionalities using spatiotemporal modula...
What drives ‘drug-induced homicide’ prosecutions in North Carolina?
A new study found that NC prosecutors believe DIH laws reduce overdoses and illicit drug distribution, but this is contradicted by evidence. The number of DIH prosecutions does not correlate with community-level variables like overdose rates.
Your brain in the zone: A new neuroimaging study reveals how the brain achieves a creative flow state
A new study from Drexel University's Creativity Research Lab reveals that the creative flow state involves two key factors: extensive experience and release of control. High-experience musicians experienced flow more often and intensely than low-experience musicians, suggesting expertise enables flow.
Detailed study demonstrates how pulse oximeters significantly overestimate oxygen readings in people with darker skin tones
A comprehensive study found pulse oximeters significantly overestimated oxygen saturation readings in individuals with darker skin tones. This could lead to missed treatments and incorrect diagnoses, as devices may not accurately reflect critical oxygen levels.
What math tells us about social dilemmas
Scientists develop a new mathematical principle to understand cooperation among individuals with different characteristics. Their model suggests that a more equal distribution of resources is necessary for diversities to sustain cooperation, but not for maximum general welfare.
Demystifying “black box” audio models
Explainable AI methods have been developed to make audio models more interpretable and transparent. Researchers categorize existing audio XAI methods into two groups: general methods and audio-specific methods, offering new possibilities for improving the trustworthiness of AI decision-making in audio tasks.
The third SELINA Workshop advances knowledge exchange and efforts in evidence-based decision-making
Nearly 90 participants from various sectors attended the workshop to collaborate on ecosystem service assessment results for private and public decision-making. The event highlighted key updates and challenges of the SELINA Demonstration Projects, showcasing progress toward supporting informed decision-making.