Articles tagged with Social Surveys
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A University of Michigan survey found that nearly half of Air Force women experience little to no impact from family separation on their work, but those with higher family-work conflict rates are more likely to suffer symptoms of depression and anxiety. The study aims to identify areas where interventions can reduce this source of stress.
Researchers found that marital violence among Asian-Americans is linked to factors beyond marital distress, including family closeness and anxiety disorders. The study's findings highlight the need for therapy that addresses these underlying issues.
A new study examines how Latino immigrants identify themselves racially in the US, finding a significant share identifies as Latino rather than white. Increasing exposure to American culture leads to a shift towards Spanish racial self-identification, contrasting with earlier European immigrant groups.
A new University of Michigan study shows the wealth gap is increasing steadily, with the top 2% of families seeing a nearly doubling of their net worth, while the poorest quarter of families lose ground. The poorest ten percent of families even have negative net worth.
A series of surveys shows a decline in support for religious government and an increase in support for secular political rule. Iraqis exhibit a strong sense of national identity, prioritizing being 'Iraqis' over other affiliations.
The National Bumblebee Nest Survey found that gardens contain the highest densities of bumblebee nests, with 36 nests per hectare. This suggests that gardens provide an important habitat for bumblebees, particularly in comparison to other countryside habitats.
The Wisconsin Longitudinal Study has tracked over 10,000 graduates since 1957, providing unprecedented insight into how young people's experiences shape their lives as they age. Researchers have used this data to inform public policies and practices, and the study continues to be a model for long-term federal studies.
A 2001-2002 survey found that over 30% of US adults met criteria for an alcohol use disorder, with a significant gap in treatment uptake. The study's findings highlight the importance of identifying and addressing AUDs early in their course to prevent personal disability and societal damage.
A survey by CancerCare found that while many women know about breast cancer, few are aware of recent treatment advances. The majority would actively work with their doctor to identify proper treatment, but 86% were uncertain about what questions to ask.
The U-M Health and Retirement Study finds that three out of four older workers would prefer to reduce their hours gradually rather than retire abruptly. A two-thirds majority of workers would partially retire if firms allowed them to scale back their hours at the same hourly wage.
A study of over 3,000 adults with asthma found that obese patients are more likely to have severe asthma and experience increased healthcare utilization. The researchers also noted that obese patients were less likely to be in asthma remission compared to non-overweight patients.
A survey of high school students found that most struggle with early morning start times, leading to decreased alertness and poor academic performance. The teens recommended starting school at a later time, allowing for more sleep and improved focus.
A study found that nearly all physicians admit they would disclose a hypothetical error, but less than half have actually done so. The survey also revealed that those with more experience and those who prioritize forgiveness in their spiritual beliefs were more likely to disclose errors.
The American Academy of Dermatology surveyed 32 US metropolitan regions to identify the most and least sun-smart cities. Washington, D.C. and New York City topped the list, while Chicago was ranked as the least sun-smart city due to low knowledge and attitudes towards tanning and sun protection.
A recent survey of over 250,000 people from around the world has shed light on sex differences in brain function and behavior. The study found that men and women exhibit distinct patterns in mental abilities, with men scoring higher in visual-spatial tasks but women excelling in object location memory.
A new report by the National Women's Law Center finds that women are more likely to struggle with medical bills and go without needed care due to high healthcare costs. The report also highlights a gender gap in health coverage, with more women than men facing underinsurance or uninsured status.
A study of 55 patients found that 91% reported feeling hampered by headaches daily, and 37% experienced tension-type headaches several times a month. The total cost of all headache disorders in Denmark is approximately €74 million per million inhabitants per year.
A recent survey reveals that almost half of US adults have never heard of probiotics, but many show interest in trying them due to intestinal health concerns. The study highlights the growing awareness and potential benefits of probiotic supplements in preventing and managing gastrointestinal issues.
A new survey found that people's emotional reactions to nanotechnology play a major role in their perception of its risks and benefits, with individuals' values determining their reaction to information about the technology. The study suggests that government, business, and educators must take a proactive approach to public engagement ...
A national study found that adolescents who had sex early showed a 20 percent increase in delinquent acts one year later compared to those whose first sexual experience occurred at the average age for their school. In contrast, those teens who waited longer than average to have sex had delinquency rates 50 percent lower.
Participating in community groups and religious organizations can help maintain psychological well-being after physical decline. Researchers found that individuals with higher levels of personal growth had lower depressive symptoms.
A majority of Americans agree with most scientists that the Earth is getting warmer, but they are uncertain about the seriousness of the problem. The uncertainty stems from a belief that scientists disagree about global warming, despite being on the same wavelength with the scientific community about the basics of the issue.
A new study by UC Irvine researchers found that immigrants are more likely to become US citizens when they live in states with a warm and welcoming attitude towards them. This suggests that money is not the primary motivator for naturalization, but rather a sense of community and acceptance.
A study published in the Journal of Advanced Nursing found that two-thirds of nursing students believe it's wrong to lie to patients, compared to 33% in 1983. The profile of nursing students has also changed significantly over 22 years, with older students, more diversity in educational attainments and life experiences.
Researchers estimate that thousands of wind turbines could generate up to 330 gigawatts of average electrical power off the Mid-Atlantic coast, reducing carbon emissions by 68% and greenhouse gases by 57%. The study's findings suggest a significant potential for offshore wind energy in the region.
A new study challenges the notion of deep societal divisions in Mexico following the 2006 presidential election. The research suggests that elite-level politics are more polarized than ever, while mass voting patterns reveal moderation and a lack of clear divisions. The findings contribute to a better understanding of Mexican democracy.
A study by Harvard researchers found that households with guns are more likely to be involved in homicides, particularly among children and women. States with higher levels of gun ownership have significantly higher homicide victimization rates, driven mainly by gun-related homicides.
A survey found that more than two-thirds of informal caregivers for disabled older adults at the end of life reported feeling rewarded, despite providing over 40 hours of care per week. These caregivers often experienced emotional, physical, and financial strains but also derived benefits from the person they were caring for.
A new study by WCS and USGS found that wild tigers in India's Nagarahole National Park lose nearly a quarter of their population each year, but total numbers remain stable due to high reproductive rates and abundant prey. The study highlights the need for protected areas with high prey densities and anti-poaching efforts.
A study by Rice University and UCL found that US consumers are willing to use specific nano-containing products when the potential benefits are high. The public perceives nanotechnology as less risky than everyday technologies.
A national survey of Asian Americans found that immigrant women had lower rates of depression, anxiety, and substance abuse compared to U.S.-born women. English proficiency also played a significant role in men's mental health, with those who spoke good English having fewer problems than those with poorer skills or American-born men.
A new study finds that employers who use criminal background checks tend to hire more black applicants, particularly black men, due to implicit biases. The study suggests that curtailing access to criminal history records may worsen racial disparities in labor market outcomes and affect other stigmatized groups.
Physicians reported being actively involved in community participation, political involvement, and collective advocacy, with over two-thirds participating in at least one role. Factors related to civic-mindedness, such as age, sex, and medical specialty, influenced the perceived importance of public roles.
A survey of 9,000 people in eight countries found that 57% of Americans and 47% of Canadians consider post-9/11 anti-terrorism laws to be intrusive. The study also reveals cultural differences in attitudes towards surveillance and personal data, highlighting the need for public education and organizational accountability.
A comprehensive survey of nanotechnology workplace safety practices found that many companies and laboratories are using conventional EHS practices despite the potential for nanoparticles to pose specific environmental and health risks. The survey, conducted by Rice University's International Council on Nanotechnology, collected data f...
The median salary for chemists has increased to $86,900, with bachelor's degrees earning $67,200 and Ph.D.'s earning $96,000. The chemistry workforce is becoming more diverse, with female graduates receiving a higher percentage of B.S. chemistry degrees.
The study found that 52.1% of health plans used pay-for-performance programs in 2005, with physician-oriented programs more common than hospital programs. The surveys highlighted important details about these programs, including the types of performance indicators used and the challenges faced by HMOs in implementing them.
A recent MIT survey shows a dramatic shift in Americans' ranking of climate change as the country's most pressing environmental problem. Over three-quarters of respondents believe the government should take action to address global warming, and individuals are willing to spend their own money on mitigation efforts.
Researchers at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health found that individuals living in high Black concentrated neighborhoods were twice as likely to report poor health compared to those in low concentration areas. This association persisted even after adjusting for socioeconomic factors.
Researchers found that people from preindustrial societies consistently classify colors into eight categories: red, green, yellow-or-orange, blue, purple, brown, pink, and grue. The study used data from the World Color Survey to analyze color names across 110 languages, revealing a universal framework for color perception.
A nationwide survey of Iraq households found 654,965 additional deaths from March 2003 to July 2006, with violence being the primary cause. The study's results are consistent with earlier estimates and mirror trends reported by other organizations, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive system to track mortality in conflict zones.
The Iraqi public demonstrates the highest levels of intolerance to foreigners, with extraordinarily high levels of ethnic solidarity. Despite this, a majority of Iraqis (85%) believe democracy is the best form of government and their commitment seems genuine.
The 2006 CIO Survey conducted by Professor Jerry Luftman found that IT executives prioritize business alignment but struggle to achieve it, instead focusing on technology innovation. The survey also reveals an increase in reporting to CFOs and a lack of federated IT functions in many companies.
A new study published in Science estimates that at least 200,000 people have died in Darfur, far exceeding previous estimates of tens of thousands. The study's authors used primary surveys and extrapolation to arrive at this revised estimate, which underscores the urgency of the situation.
A comprehensive survey of Katrina survivors found that most experienced significant financial, income, and housing losses, as well as physical and psychological adversity. However, the vast majority reported developing a deeper sense of meaning or purpose in life after the hurricane.
A new FSU study found that high school seniors' educational and occupational plans have become increasingly unrealistic since the 1970s. The researchers attribute this to declining grades, community college as an educational stepping-stone, and parents giving students the message that a college degree is the only way to get a good job.
A recent study by Ohio State University researchers found that depressed individuals experience greater psychological benefits from marriage compared to non-depressed individuals. Despite lower marital quality and conflict levels among depressed couples, married depressed individuals still report improved mental well-being.
A declaration by top scientists states that mercury pollution poses significant risks to human health, particularly for children and women of childbearing age. The declaration also highlights the need for reduced mercury use and emissions, as well as careful fish consumption to minimize exposure.
Research suggests that online surveys can yield different results compared to phone surveys, as typing and speaking activate distinct cognitive and motor systems. This can compromise the validity of attitude changes over time, making it crucial for researchers to match response modes.
Science journalists struggle to find good-quality images and researchers who can explain complex scientific concepts in an understandable way. They also face challenges judging the trustworthiness of research, dealing with hype, and obtaining multimedia materials to convey scientific ideas.
A new study by the American Sociological Association found that Americans have fewer confidants, with a nearly one-third decrease in discussions with non-family members. The study also reveals racial diversity in social networks has increased, but disparities persist, with higher education and non-white groups having smaller networks.
A new study reveals that both young people and older individuals think older people are happier than themselves, but research shows the opposite is true. The study found that individuals tend to mis-remember their own happiness as youths and overestimate their future happiness in old age.
A study reviewing 40 years of disaster research found that PTSD affects a substantial burden of people who experience disasters. The most important risk factors for developing PTSD are the extent of exposure and the scope of the disaster.
A new survey at UCSD reveals that sectarianism in conservative religious groups holds back coalition formation on the right. The study found that members of these groups who favor a larger role for religious leaders in politics are less sectarian, bringing good news for supporters of the religious right.
A survey of operating room personnel found that general surgical nurses and certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) consistently rated high for teamwork, while surgeons received the lowest scores. The study used the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire to assess safety attitudes in the OR.
The survey highlights a lack of awareness about food-borne illnesses, with only 10% of Americans reporting food poisoning in the past year despite statistics indicating a quarter of Americans suffer from food-borne illnesses annually. Americans tend to attribute their illnesses to other causes rather than food-borne illness.
A survey of healthcare staff in the US found that over 40% would be unlikely to report to work during a flu pandemic, while 66% feared putting themselves at risk. The study also showed that many felt the need for additional training to prepare for such an event.
A study found that clinical staff, such as physicians and nurses, were more likely to report for work than technical or support staff. The willingness to report was strongest among employees who perceived an importance in their work during a pandemic, while technical workers felt they had little role to play.
A study by Penn State researchers found that stricter law enforcement policies have led to an increase in girls' arrests for assault, not a rise in violence. Despite this, other national sources of information on youth violence show little overall change in girls' levels of aggression over the past two decades.
A majority of Americans (55%) expect the world's natural environment to be in worse shape in 10 years than it is now. Despite party affiliation, 67% of Democrats and 48% of Republicans are pessimistic about environmental health. A bipartisan 86% supports government action to improve the environment during the next year.