Geologists have discovered that the Ontong Java Plateau, a 40km-thick oceanic feature, formed from eruptions over just three million years, defying current geologic theories. The rocks' unique geochemical characteristics suggest they were created in high-pressure environments, with pressures potentially exceeding eight kilobars.
Treatment with low-dose diuretic cuts strokes and heart attacks in older patients with diabetes, with a significant reduction in cardiovascular events. The study shows diuretic therapy as a first-choice treatment for this population, alongside lifestyle changes.
The approved draft proclaims the set of genes determining heredity as a 'common heritage of humanity' based on recognition of inherent dignity and equal rights. The seven-chapter declaration covers research in the human genome, rights of persons concerned, and international cooperation between developed and developing countries.
Researchers have developed a prototype electronic house call system that enables patients with chronic diseases to receive regular care from nurses at home. The system, tested in 25 patient homes and a nursing facility, uses videoconferencing and medical devices to monitor vital signs and perform exams.
A new study reveals that media reports of vaccine injuries can cause fear, lead to costly litigation, and prevent infants from being immunized. The authors urge journalists to report on rare adverse events without distorting the facts, highlighting the importance of accurate information in protecting public health.
Researchers found the ancient Sahara was much wetter 12,000 to 5,000 years ago, with stronger summer monsoons producing more vegetation and increased water content in the soil. The vegetation and soil changes enhanced the effects of orbital shifts, leading to a 10% increase in annual precipitation.
A new species of frog, Eleutherodactylus iberia, has been discovered by scientists funded by the US National Science Foundation. The one-centimeter-long frog is the smallest of its kind in the Northern Hemisphere and part of a group that includes all animals with backbones except fishes.
A new USGS report explores the environmental consequences of dams, including erosion, waterfowl habitat changes, and loss of river sand bars. The report emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary scientific approaches to minimize negative impacts and promote informed decisions about dam management.
Researchers discover large areas of non-volcanic carbon dioxide vents in Italy, contributing significantly to atmospheric CO2 levels. The 200-mile area between Florence and Naples produces an enormous amount of carbon dioxide, but its measurement has never been attempted before.
Researchers used SOHO spacecraft to track solar dynamo's position and conditions. They found turbulence and shear flows indicative of dynamo presence at a layer 38,000 miles thick.
New HIV treatments and basic research advances offered new weapons against the virus, potentially making it a chronic disease. Other breakthroughs included discoveries about the origin of life, online publishing, and genetic sequencing of yeast.
Researchers identified a carbohydrate structure that Chlamydia trachomatis uses to infect cells, leading to the development of a potential preventive agent. The study found that similar carbohydrates can prevent chlamydial infection, paving the way for the creation of anti-adhesive therapies.