Researchers at Kansas State University conducted a genetic study on corn borer resistance to Bt toxins, finding that the European corn borer's resistance appears to be inherited as an incompletely dominant trait. The team emphasizes the importance of developing effective resistance management plans to mitigate potential losses.
Researchers at University of California, Santa Barbara have discovered a way to disarm microbial pathogens using a novel approach. The findings, published in Science, identify a master switch that controls bacterial infection and lead to the development of new vaccines and antibiotics.
Research found that relaxation and music reduce pain more than pain medication alone, providing complete relief without side effects. These self-care methods can hasten recovery and improve hospital stays for millions of Americans who undergo surgery annually.
Researchers confirm two-mode theory of mathematical thinking, locating it in the brain. Bilingual volunteers show sharp language-dependent lag in exact calculations, but not in estimates. The findings may lead to new teaching methods for children who struggle with numbers.
Researchers from Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute and Stanford University conducted experiments on liquid CO2 disposal in the deep ocean. The results show that liquid CO2 can react with seawater to form clathrate hydrate, expanding in volume and causing it to rise towards the surface.
A long-term study of a kelp forest community found that large-scale, low-frequency events like El Nino and La Nina drive changes in the community. The study also highlighted the importance of understanding how different species adapt to changing environmental conditions.
Scientists have identified a compound that mimics the effects of insulin in mice, offering hope for a pill-based treatment for diabetes. The new substance, L-783,281, is a nonpeptide molecule that can be absorbed through the bloodstream after being swallowed, potentially providing an alternative to insulin injections.
A UC Berkeley conference on population growth and the environment will explore the impact of human population on the planet's ecosystems. Renowned populations expert Joel E. Cohen will discuss how human population, culture, and environment interact.
A recent study published in Health Psychology suggests that self-confidence about exercise plays a significant role in its emotional benefits. The higher a person's self-efficacy, the more likely they are to experience positive emotions during physical activity.
A combination of radiation and chemotherapy treatment significantly increased overall survival in esophageal cancer patients, with 22% surviving at least eight years after treatment. The study found that this combined therapy was associated with longer survival compared to radiation therapy alone.
The Visualization of Information Tool (VisIT) graphically displays search results, allowing users to add, delete, and rearrange sites. This tool is expected to make searches more efficient and fruitful for anyone using the web, particularly teachers and students who can use it to organize knowledge in a more intuitive way.
Researchers at University of Notre Dame and Pittsburgh have successfully developed a new process to separate problematic chemicals from ionic liquids using supercritical carbon dioxide. This environmentally benign solvent eliminates the need for distillation, which is impractical with low-vapor-pressure compounds, and can effectively r...
Researchers found that common spaces with trees and grass promote stronger neighborhood social ties, more social activities, and a sense of belonging among residents. The addition of simple landscaping may support informal forms of social security.
Researchers find potential anti-cancer agents in ethanol extract of soybean molasses from crop-processing plant waste. The active compound, phytochemical complex 100 (PCC 100), contains saponins and suppresses cancer cell growth, reducing human colon cancer rates.
A University of Illinois professor's study reveals that crew members' communication timing greatly affects performance during emergencies. High-performing crews were found to be targeted and specific with their exchanges, while low-performing crews had a disconnect between training and actual conditions.
Researchers found that three out of 11 wild wolves carried the enzyme corticosteroid-induced alkaline phosphatase, which is also found in dogs. This enzyme reflects long-term stress and indicates the presence of hepatic disease in the wolves. In contrast, captive wolves had no enzyme, suggesting they are healthier.
Researchers at Rice University and the University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center have tracked the path that a polymer-DNA complex takes through a cell to its nucleus, where the new DNA can be read. This study improved our understanding of gene delivery and provided new knowledge for designing better nonviral carriers.
Rockefeller University scientists Dr. Arnold J. Levine and Dr. Robert G. Roeder have been recognized by the General Motors Cancer Research Foundation for their groundbreaking work on cancer research and gene transcription. Their discoveries are paving the way for new diagnostics and therapies, with p53 abnormalities associated with ove...
Scientists found a biochemical link between IgE antibody levels and immune cell receptor count, stanching allergic symptoms. When the drug reduced IgE, new receptors sprouted on immune cells, confirming this link.
Researchers have developed new chemicals that target the butyrylcholinesterase enzyme, which may help attack Alzheimer's disease. The study's findings suggest that inappropriate BChE activity increases the risk and progression of Alzheimer's disease, and preliminary studies indicate improved cognition and learning in rodents.
Northwestern University researchers have identified key peptides that can halt and even reverse kidney disease in lupus. The peptides were found to be effective in delaying the onset of severe kidney disease in young mice and prolonging survival in adult mice with established kidney disease.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute discovered that long-term potentiation in hippocampal neurons is linked to the emergence of new dendritic spines. This phenomenon suggests that structural changes play a crucial role in storing information in the brain.
Research finds patients treated for Hodgkin's disease as children are nine times more likely to develop a second cancer, with specific types of cancer at higher risk. The study suggests regular screening is necessary to monitor patients' lifetime health.
The Howard Hughes Medical Institute is awarding $14 million in grants to support research on infectious and parasitic diseases worldwide. The five-year program will help scientists identify the mechanisms of these diseases and develop new approaches for treatment.
The American Psychiatric Association is hosting a symposium on school violence, examining its causes and possible solutions. The event features presentations by experts in the field, including discussions on inner-city violence, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and violence prevention in Chicago Public Schools.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center have made two groundbreaking discoveries. Firstly, they found that magnesium boosts cell proliferation in neural cells, potentially revolutionizing neural development. Secondly, a study identified a key receptor in human cells that may contribute to septic shock's immune response, offering new...
Researchers found that teenagers interpret probability terms differently than adults, with varying ranges within each age group. The study suggests using numeric scales or visual aids to convey risk information effectively and asks for further testing to confirm its findings.
A six-year research program at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory demonstrated how to integrate window and lighting technologies for enhanced energy efficiency and occupant comfort. The project resulted in significant reductions in electricity demand, with dimmable daylighting controls reducing peak demand by up to 40%.
Researchers developed a new therapy using an enhanced artificial surfactant that improves oxygen levels and protects natural surfactant in lung-affected patients. The treatment has potential for treating infants and adults with difficult-to-treat lung disease cases.
A research team at MGH and Harvard University identified a molecule called TRP2 that may play a crucial role in the process of converting chemical signals into nerve impulses in rats. This discovery suggests that humans might process pheromones through a different mechanism than most other mammals.
A new University of Florida study finds that east coast beaches are increasing in size on average, while west coast beaches remain stable. The study attributes this trend to low wave energy in Florida, which allows sediment to replenish beaches over time.
The study found that infants were more likely to die from injuries if their mothers were young, unmarried, or had lower levels of education. Infants who died from an injury were also more likely to be male, have low birth weight, and premature birth.
A new study developed a simple method to assess the risk of deadly metastatic cancer in men after prostate removal. The chart uses three common measures, including Gleason score and PSA doubling time, to pinpoint the risk for developing metastatic cancer.
Researchers are investigating the role of cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) in cell death pathways associated with oxidative stress, including heart attack, stroke, and cancer. The study aims to identify proteins that synthesize cADPR and develop new therapeutic agents to treat these diseases.
Two studies by Dr. Augusto Sola explore tidal volume measurements in neonates and propose a new definition for neonatal hypoglycemia, addressing critical issues in ventilator management and blood sugar screening.
The US Air Force has upgraded its test facility to conduct wideband bistatic imaging and radar cross-section measurements of full-sized aircraft. The Bistatic Coherent Measurement System (BICOMS) provides a mobile system for bistatic as well as monostatic tests, improving efficiency and accuracy.
Researchers at Georgia Tech are testing the Next Generation Warning Decision Support System (NG-WDSS) to improve tornado forecasting and warning times. The system uses advanced image processing, artificial intelligence, and other algorithms to provide more efficient and effective warnings for severe thunderstorms and flash floods.
Researchers at UCSF have identified a transcription factor, human Cdc5 (hCdc5), that regulates the cell cycle and may help stimulate heart muscle cell repair after damage. The discovery could lead to new treatments for children with heart abnormalities and potentially benefit 900,000 American adults affected by heart attacks each year.
A new UCSF study reveals that Latina women with short interpregnancy intervals are at higher risk of premature birth compared to white women. The research highlights the importance of waiting 18 months or longer between pregnancies to ensure optimal baby health.
UT Southwestern Medical Center is conducting a three-month study to test the efficacy of St. John's Wort in treating major depression. Participants will be given either St. John's Wort, sertraline, or a placebo and monitored by physicians to understand its effectiveness.
A five-year plan aims for 95% vaccination coverage across countries, with $8 million allocated to strengthen surveillance, improve communications, and evaluate activities. Countries at risk have been targeted for special efforts to prevent outbreaks.
Researchers found that suppressing natural fires harms Northern Idaho ground squirrels, isolating them into shrinking groups where non-native plants overtake fire-resistant seed-laden grasses. The biologists propose two solutions: restoring habitat and reintroducing controlled fires to restore native vegetational structure.
The American Geophysical Union Spring Meeting 1999 featured various scientific sessions and press conferences, including briefings on Mars Global Surveyor results, Yucca Mountain nuclear waste storage, and the South China Sea Monsoon Experiment. The event took place from June 1-4 at Boston's Hynes Convention Center.
A recent study has uncovered the role of a gene in regulating vitamin D levels, shedding light on the causes of rare forms of rickets. The research suggests that production of active vitamin D hormone by the kidneys is essential for normal bone health and growth in children, particularly those with kidney failure or aging.
Researchers investigated a 1992 outbreak of viral meningitis in a child care center, finding that handwashing reduced the risk of infection. Changing diapers was a key factor, with women who changed more diapers being at higher risk, while men were less likely to get infected if they washed their hands after changing diapers.
The study found that the percentage of American Indian/Alaska Native children with asthma symptoms is similar to that of all US children. The authors highlight the need for updated research due to increasing rates of asthma prevalence and severity in the country, which are strongly associated with poverty.
This issue of Public Health Reports features articles on occupational pesticide poisoning, an outbreak of Echovirus 30 infections among child care center staff and parents, and the prevalence of asthma among American Indian and Alaska Native children. The journal also includes viewpoints on Medicaid managed care and public health data,...
USGS scientists will present findings on prehistoric earthquakes, seismic hazards, and the structure of the Seattle basin. The presentations will provide insights into the probabilities for future earthquakes in the Seattle area and the current seismic hazards of the Pacific Northwest.
Researchers have successfully delivered beta-endorphin genes into the sheath of tissue surrounding the spinal cord, reducing hyperalgesic pain sensation in animal models. The study's simplified approach and selective therapeutic effect suggest potential applications for treating various spinal cord and brain disorders.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that teenagers with chronic diseases such as cystic fibrosis benefit from an online platform, Hopkins Teen Central. The site provides a virtual support group where teens can connect with each other and share their experiences, leading to increased perceptions of having friends with CF.
Sandia National Laboratories and University of Montana researchers are training bees to detect buried landmines by tracking their behavior and analyzing pollen samples. The goal is to create a reliable and inexpensive method for detecting mines, which could help protect thousands of acres of uncharted land and prevent injuries.
Researchers develop lasershot peening to enhance material tensile strength and crack resistance, crucial for turbine blades. The surface engineering technique significantly improves fatigue resistance without damaging the material.
A new study by researchers at University at Buffalo found that babies born with a congenital growth hormone deficiency are of normal length at birth. The study suggests that growth hormone deficiency does not affect fetal growth, and that persistence of hypoglycemia and jaundice are clues for evaluation of pituitary hormones. Replacing...
Nitec's electroless nickel plating technology has been used to create a highly polished mirror with excellent optical performance. The technique, which ensures an even deposit of the coating, has achieved enormous cost savings in the restoration project.
A University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill study found that over 500,000 children are prescribed antidepressants each year, despite a lack of research supporting their use in youngsters. The survey also revealed that 72% of physicians have prescribed SSRIs for patients under 18, but only 8% reported adequate training.
Scientists have used seismic reflection profiling to reveal an ancient river valley one mile wide and 250 feet deep beneath Portland, Ore. The study suggests that earthquakes ruptured the surface in the past 15,000 years and that two suspected fault zones are active.
A team of UCSF scientists has identified a key role for the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) in regulating palate closure during fetal development. Disruption of EGFR function is linked to the formation of cleft palates, which occur when the palate fails to properly fuse.
A new material, Hi-Por, is being considered as a replacement for refractory ceramic fibers due to its heat resistance and fiber-free nature. It has already been used in the nuclear industry due to its greater resistance to nuclear radiation.
A team of researchers has determined that a gene on chromosome 12, previously suspected to be a strong genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, cannot be replicated. Despite the initial findings, there is strong evidence for another genetic defect elsewhere on the chromosome that causes Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers used genetically modified mice to elucidate the mechanism underlying hereditary breast cancer. The study found that mutations in the BRCA-1 gene lead to genetic instability, favouring further mutations and tumour growth.