The HapMap project aims to chart genetic variation within the human genome by comparing differences among individuals. Researchers hope to create a tool to detect genetic contributions to many diseases, improving drug design and diagnostic tools.
A study by Cornell University professor Michael C. Latham shows that a fortified orange drink improves iron and vitamin A status, reducing anemia risk by 51% in pregnant Tanzanian women. The supplement is also found to improve breast milk vitamin A levels and has potential to boost nutrition worldwide.
Researchers suggest using rapamycin to improve renal function and reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury in marginal kidney transplants. The study found that kidneys treated with cyclosporine fared worse than those treated with rapamycin, leading to restricted blood flow and poorer filtration.
Researchers have created detailed maps of the brain's cerebral and cerebellar cortex, which will help physicians understand brain damage and guide neurosurgeons. The maps will be freely available online, revolutionizing the field of neuroscience.
Geologist Schmitt presents new insights into the Moon's origin, contradicting the Giant Impact hypothesis, and its implications for understanding early Earth and Mars. He also discusses possible evidence for ancient oceans on Mars and the potential for life in the solar system.
A new study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that a woman's level of education is the strongest predictor of whether she will smoke before, during, and after pregnancy. The study also discovered that women with higher levels of education had significantly lower smoking rates compared to those with lower educatio...
Researchers at Purdue University are conducting an experiment to measure the Casimir effect, which could reveal new forces beyond the three spatial dimensions of length, width, and height. The study uses plates made of isotopes of nickel to test for a potential 'fifth force' that could interact with extra dimensions.
Researchers have linked Polycomb gene silencing to histone protein methylation, explaining the permanence of Hox gene silencing. The study found that Polycomb proteins function through methylating a specific lysine residue on histone 3, leading to permanent gene silencing.
Researchers create animal model that develops three types of lymphoma, shedding light on genetic mutations and cell signal pathways. The discovery holds promise for developing new treatments to block cancer-causing signals.
Researchers are continuing their five-year study on lentiviruses, a deadly viral infection, at Ohio State University. The project aims to identify the factors responsible for enhancing the viruses' infection of the nervous system.
Scientists have developed a new technique called COBRA to study the structure of thin films at an atomic level, revealing surprising alignment between film and substrate atoms. The technique provides precise information on atomic positions within films and their interactions with substrates.
Nancy Bowers, a Scripps Institution of Oceanography doctoral student, has been awarded the 2002 Chrysalis Scholarship from the Association for Women Geoscientists. Her research focuses on analyzing high-frequency fluctuations in Earth's magnetic field as observed in oceanic crust data.
Researchers at Washington University's Molecular Imaging Center are developing new applications for existing technologies like PET scans. They're also exploring new methods of molecular imaging using near-infrared fluorescence and bioluminescence probes to study protein-protein interactions, immune cells attacking tumors, and the cours...
Researchers used coral reefs to study the impact of hurricanes on ocean health and climate patterns. By comparing high- and low-frequency hurricane areas, they established a model for analyzing older fossil reefs.
Researchers develop mice with nerve tracts stained by up to four different fluorescent jellyfish proteins, enabling them to study neural connections in the living brain. This approach reveals clues about how learning occurs in the brain, including the elimination of many connections after birth.
Physicist Richard A. Loomis is using lasers to observe and control chemical reactions in real-time, creating 'movies' of molecules forming and breaking at atomic resolution. By recording snapshots at precise times, he aims to understand reaction dynamics and potentially improve industrial production processes.
University of Cincinnati geology graduate student Keri Craven investigates how Hawaiian volcanoes age by analyzing rock samples and applying computer models. Her research suggests that the weight of the volcano may drive its aging process.
A nationwide brain imaging network will share data from patients with schizophrenia to expand understanding of the disease and develop new treatments. The project, led by Steven G. Potkin, aims to create a comprehensive database of brain images and advance research in brain disorders.
The Clay Mathematics Institute presented the 2002 Clay Research Award to Oded Schramm and Manindra Agrawal for their groundbreaking work on the Loewner equation and primality testing, respectively. Agrawal's talk will discuss his ASK algorithm for polynomial-time primality testing.
Scientists have identified a unique mechanism used by the Esa1 enzyme to relax DNA packaging, differing from other enzymes in its family. This discovery opens up new possibilities for developing targeted cancer therapies.