Indoxacarb, a new crop-protection insecticide, blocks nerve membrane channels, making it effective against insects like the Helicoverpa armigera caterpillar. Developed by a team of chemists, indoxacarb breaks down rapidly in the environment, reducing its impact on crops and the ecosystem.
Nuzzo and colleague David L. Allara developed stain-repellent coatings, lubricants that cling in harsh weather, and materials for artificial hearts and protein protection. Their discovery attached molecules to gold surfaces, changing interactions with other substances.
Birks, a renowned Boulder chemist, has won the ACS Award for Creative Advances in Environmental Science and Technology. He is developing smaller instruments to measure atmospheric gases using balloons, which may have medical benefits, such as tracking nitric oxide levels for asthma treatment.
A yearlong study of 932 children found that emotional distress can lead to negative views of oneself and the world, ultimately decreasing perceptions of competence. Children tend to blame themselves for failures and uncertainty in meeting performance standards, further exacerbating this issue.
A Texas chemist has won a national award for his work on vitamin B12, a natural product he has worked with for about 30 years. He is now working on recreating the pathway for taxol, an anti-cancer drug derived from yew trees.
Scientists found that elevated levels of sFlt1 protein mediate the progression to preeclampsia by reducing angiogenic factors. Reducing VEGF-A in kidney cells also caused similar kidney disease, suggesting a plausible scenario for preeclampsia
A Phase III randomized trial found that a combination of vinorelbine and gemcitabine did not improve overall and progression-free survival in elderly NSCLC patients. However, the study suggests that certain chemotherapy combinations, particularly cisplatin-based regimens, may be more effective than single-agent therapy. The results als...
Dr. Linhardt developed low-molecular-weight heparins, a type of anticoagulant that can be administered as daily shots, reducing hospital costs and improving patient outcomes. His research also aims to manufacture the drug in labs rather than harvesting it from animal tissue.
Researchers found that women with high levels of AIB1 and HER-2 proteins in their tumors are more likely to experience poor outcomes with tamoxifen therapy. When either protein level is low, the risk of adverse effects decreases significantly.
Chemist Denmark develops reactions to make mirror-image compounds with simpler, cheaper materials. His work impacts the pharmaceutical industry and improves access to essential substances.
Dixon's research uses computers to solve complex equations and predict the assembly of fluorine compounds, leading to the development of HFC 134A. His work also balances stability, safety, and environmental concerns in the creation of cost-efficient refrigerants.
Christensen studies carotenoids' role in photosynthesis, a process by which plants turn light into chemical energy. His work draws students to the basics of physical chemistry, influencing his teaching at Bowdoin College.
Ganguly's work involves designing drugs from natural molecules, targeting disease-causing compounds, and exploring new mechanisms of treatment. His notable achievements include developing Ziracin, a natural antibiotic, and Zetia, a cholesterol-lowering drug with a synergistic effect with statins.
Despite challenges, public support for devolution remains strong, with 43% of people backing the system. However, sectarian divisions and pessimism about community relations are on the rise, according to new research.
Researchers identified sFlt1 as the root cause of preeclampsia, a condition characterized by high blood pressure and organ damage. The study's findings hold promise for developing diagnostic tools and therapies for this deadly condition.
A two-year planning process in high-poverty neighborhoods with diverse communities was successful, while others lacked interest and leadership. Effective communication methods, community involvement, and strong ties to local churches were key factors in the most successful neighborhoods.
The Berkeley chemist has made significant contributions to understanding chemical reactions, including the discovery of the Bergman reaction. His work on intermediates has revealed their key role in chemical processes, with potential applications in fields such as medicine.
Computer modeling helps explain experimental results and predict successful reactions, leading to breakthroughs in understanding how new drugs work. Proline, a simple protein building block, was solved using computational methods after decades of uncertainty.
Manzer has led the development of commercially viable replacements for CFCs, including HFC 134A in automobile air conditioners. He also designed catalysts that can make polycarbonate without generating another ozone-depleting compound as a byproduct.
A Pacific Northwest chemist has developed increasingly selective methods to separate and analyze biological mixtures using capillary liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The techniques enable researchers to predict the effect of complex perturbations on biological systems, such as drug side effects and virus exposure.
Maryanoff, a renowned medicinal chemist, has developed topiramate, a successful drug approved in over 70 countries to treat epilepsy and other central nervous system disorders. His work also focuses on structure-based drug design, with recent breakthroughs in human clinical trials.
The US Fish and Wildlife Service has awarded Virginia Tech's Conservation Management Institute a contract to develop a national database for chronic wasting disease (CWD) research. The database will enable scientists to share information on the disease, improving their ability to address it nationwide.
Grubbs designs catalysts that target carbons in molecules, breaking open double bonds to form new materials with tailored properties for plastics or pharmaceuticals. The ACS Award for Creative Research in Homogeneous or Heterogeneous Catalysts recognizes his work in improving reaction rates and efficiency.
Walsh's research team has focused on developing selective antibiotics that target bacterial enzymes while leaving human ones intact. His work has helped design new variants of vancomycin, some of which are now in human trials to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Nicolaou and his graduate student Phil Baran have synthesized highly complicated compounds from a species of juniper, showing potential as cholesterol-lowering and anti-cancer drugs. The breakthrough was achieved in an international race to synthesize CP molecules, showcasing the team's expertise in organic synthesis.
Rochester chemist Rich Eisenberg has won a national award for his outstanding contributions to the field of inorganic chemistry, including advancements in artificial photosynthesis and flat-panel displays. His work has been recognized for its potential impact on energy production and electronic device technology.
Bodner's approach to teaching chemistry emphasizes the importance of understanding the underlying ideas and history behind chemical concepts. He has successfully developed a division of chemical education at Purdue, which has granted over 40 doctorate degrees to graduates who become chemistry professors or train future teachers.
Baran and his adviser K.C. Nicolaou led a team to synthesize CP molecules, a highly complicated compound with potential as cholesterol-lowering and anti-cancer drugs. Their innovative methods have also led to new techniques and tools for molecule synthesis.
A renowned chemist, Stang has made significant contributions to the field of petroleum refining, including the discovery of vinyl carbocations and self-assembly. His work has the potential to redefine the industry with its innovative compounds.
A study of 274 depressed patients found relatively low satisfaction with their care, particularly in treatment choices and follow-up care. The researchers also discovered that only a third of the patients received educational recommendations or materials to aid in managing depression.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute are testing acupuncture's efficacy in alleviating symptom distress and promoting emotional well-being in terminally ill colorectal cancer patients. The four-year study will compare acupuncture, sham acupuncture, and usual care to determine its benefits.
Allara and Nuzzo developed a model that allows researchers to study how molecules arrange themselves on surfaces, packing tightly and responding to their environment. This discovery has been used to advance various fields, including the development of artificial hearts, lubricated surfaces, and complex plastics.
Los Angeles-based chemist Christe has developed a new form of nitrogen that can release large amounts of energy when decomposed, making it potentially useful for propulsion applications. The discovery, which was made in collaboration with his research team, is the latest breakthrough in Christe's ongoing work on energetic materials.
A St. Louis chemist has developed innovative methods to spin and shape atomic nuclei, which can affect their decay rates. His team has achieved incredibly fast spin speeds, such as 2 million-billion-billion revolutions per second, using specialized instruments.
Ford, a veteran teacher, has been recognized for her unique approach to teaching chemistry, which combines process-based learning with interactive activities to capture students' enthusiasm. Her efforts have led to numerous civic awards and recognition within the scientific community.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital found that providing extra nitric oxide through inhalation may reverse or stop vaso-occlusive crisis symptoms. The treatment reduced pain scores and morphine use in patients with severe sickle cell disease, warranting further investigation.
Theoretical chemist Schaefer wins the ACS Award for his groundbreaking work on simulating genetic material responses to electron bombardment. His research uses computer programs to derive new formulations and concepts, shedding light on complex chemical behavior and emerging properties of materials.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation reveals that M-CSF and alphaV beta3 integrin collaborate to regulate osteoclast differentiation. The discovery brings scientists closer to understanding the mechanisms behind osteoporosis, a condition affecting 50% of Caucasian and Asian women after age 65.
A Rutgers researcher has made a groundbreaking discovery that the brains of dyslexic children can be rewired to improve reading skills through intensive training. Dyslexia, affecting 5-10% of Americans, is characterized by difficulties in processing language.
Brookhart's research team has made new polymers by constructing metal catalysts that insert monomers in the middle of chains, resulting in branched polypropylene with improved properties. His work expands the range of available polymers, with several licensed for commercialization.
Researchers at UW-Madison developed a novel diamond film that can be used as a stable platform for biological sensing. The films have proven to be remarkably durable and can withstand multiple cycles of processing DNA, making them suitable for continuous monitoring in high-risk environments.
Buriak's innovative approach to semiconductor technology enables direct communication between molecular features and devices, allowing for new applications in drug delivery and biological interfaces. Her research has been licensed to a company for in vivo drug delivery, potentially enabling direct interaction with the brain.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have devised a 'reverse production' system to recover and reuse materials from e-wastes, reducing the need for raw materials and protecting groundwater. The system uses mathematical models and expertise in recycling and separation to make the process economically viable.
A study published in Pediatrics found that many male residents don't perform regular testicular self-exams and teach the technique to their patients. The most common reason cited was a lack of time, with only 29% of residents performing monthly self-exams.
A study conducted in the Artibonite region of Haiti shows that decentralizing prenatal syphilis screening from a regional hospital to community dispensaries has led to a significant reduction in congenital syphilis rates. By implementing on-site blood testing and treatment, the program has cut syphilis cases by 75%.
A team of Cornell physicists and engineers are developing an instrument that can track hundreds of particles simultaneously, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of turbulent flows. The technology has the potential to improve climate models and predict how pollutants disperse in air or water.
Organic and sustainably grown produce show significantly higher levels of antioxidants compared to conventionally grown food. The investigation reveals a 58.5% increase in antioxidant levels for sustainably grown corn, highlighting the potential benefits of alternative farming practices on nutrition.
The Arf gene's role in controlling cell growth and metabolism has been enhanced by its association with the tumor suppressor gene p53, leading to improved anti-cancer effects. By limiting ribosome production, Arf slows down cell growth, while p53 activates other genes to prevent cancer progression.
The team uses near-field Raman microscopy to illuminate nano-sized structures with light, allowing them to identify material composition and structure. This technique has the potential to revolutionize biology by enabling scientists to understand cell membrane function and develop designer medicines.
Researchers at UC Berkeley used a custom-made sensor to study the link between nerve cell activation and oxygen levels in brain tissue. The study found that initial decreases in oxygen levels precede increased neural activity, promising advancements in brain imaging techniques.
Researchers found significant genomic rearrangements in human and non-human primate DNA, suggesting a new source of variation between species. These findings may provide insights into human health and disease, and could inform targeted investigations of gene expression differences.
A new study finds that breastfeeding initiation and continuation rates remained unchanged despite policy changes in hospital length of stay, including a single overnight stay program and a 48-hour coverage mandate. The study suggests that these changes did not harm breastfeeding practices and may even have improved them.
A Mayo Clinic phase II study of 42 patients with advanced androgen-independent prostate cancer found that green tea did not provide therapeutic benefit. The study showed no sustained decline in PSA levels, and high doses of green tea were associated with significant side effects.
Researchers at Rice University are working on growing replacement cartilage for the meniscus, a kidney-shaped wedge of cartilage that cushions stress in the knee joint. By developing methods to simulate mechanical conditions and grow tissue in precise shapes, they aim to create more effective treatments for osteoarthritis.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association found that children and adolescents who eat family meals consume more nutrient-dense foods and have lower intakes of snack foods. Family meals also provide quality time for households, according to registered dietitian Susan Moores.
A new USC study suggests that humans lost the ability to detect pheromones due to a gene essential for vomeronasal organ function. The study found that mutations in this gene occurred around 40 million years ago, leading to the disappearance of the gene and subsequent loss of vomeronasal organ function in primates.
Scientific studies have found no link between vaccines and chronic diseases such as asthma and food allergies. Reducing vaccination rates can lead to increased rates of preventable infectious diseases, according to the article co-authored by Dr. Paul Offit.
The number of ramipril prescriptions for elderly Ontario residents increased significantly after the release of HOPE's results, peaking at 304/100 000 in May 2000. This surge in prescribing was attributed to widespread media coverage of the study's success.
The hair dye market is experiencing rapid growth, driven by the popularity of permanent dyes that can last up to six weeks. According to recent studies, 42% of American women and 25% of American men use hair dyes, with 37% of consumers using them in the previous year.
A daily multivitamin and mineral supplement reduced the incidence of minor infections among healthy people over 45. Intentional weight loss was associated with a 24% lower death rate compared to unintentional weight loss.