Research at Michigan Medicine has discovered that inflammatory molecules and immune system cells play a major role in the formation of blood clots in veins, known as deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The study found that mice with high levels of P-selectin developed larger blood clots and more inflammatory cells in their vein walls.
A study of the American Stop Smoking Intervention Study (ASSIST) found that states participating in the program experienced a greater reduction in adult smoking prevalence and lower per capita cigarette consumption compared to non-participating states. If all 50 states had implemented ASSIST, an estimated 278,700 fewer smokers nationwi...
Researchers at Cornell University found that cocoa contains nearly twice the antioxidants of red wine and up to three times those found in green tea. The high content of phenolic phytochemicals, or flavonoids, is responsible for this superior antioxidant activity.
A genetic mutation that disables a protein used by HIV-1 to infect cells is prevalent in 10% of Europeans due to historical smallpox exposure. This mutation, which protects against death from smallpox, has been transferred to AIDS, slowing its progression.
Black patients with locally advanced prostate cancer may have had less access to specialized radiation therapy, which is preferred over surgery. Postmenopausal women who consume moderate amounts of alcohol may be at an increased risk for cancer due to increased blood serum levels of the fat hormone leptin.
The first human trial of a DNA Ebola vaccine opened at the NIH Clinical Center in Bethesda. Twenty-seven volunteers will receive either the investigational vaccine or a placebo injection over two months and be followed for one year.
A recent study by Margolis and Shim found that a small movement of the mechanical controls in backhoes can lead to rapid vibration, causing operators to lose control. The problem can be eliminated by stiffening the suspension of the cab or developing automatic control systems.
A six-year prospective study will investigate whether early treatment with pimecrolimus can reduce or prevent the need for corticosteroids and subsequent development of asthma. Researchers hope that effective topical treatment of eczema in its early stages may help prevent later allergic diseases, such as asthma.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a playable nanoguitar that demonstrates the potential of tiny devices vibrating at extremely high frequencies. The device, made up of silicon strings, can produce audible tones when hit with a laser beam, offering a new approach to electronic circuit design.
Recent research suggests that at least eight central 'clock' genes coordinate cell proliferation and apoptosis in circadian time. Studies have shown that tumor growth is organized within a daily cycle, with tumors growing twice as fast during the active phase. This discovery may lead to new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
A study of 1,036 women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) diagnosed at age 40 or older found that those with high-nuclear-grade lesions had a higher risk of invasive cancer recurrence. Women treated by lumpectomy alone who experienced initial palpation-detected lesions also faced a greater risk of recurrence.
Concussions in sports require a collaborative approach to effective evaluation and treatment, according to Dr. Douglas McKeag. Key findings include the need for careful assessments by trained professionals and the potential for athletes to take up to seven days to recover from concussions.
A study combining behavioral family counseling and naltrexone found that men in this group were more likely to take the medication daily, leading to higher success rates. Men in individual-based treatment showed lower compliance with naltrexone, resulting in fewer days of sobriety during treatment.
A survey of injured workers found that many felt pressured to return to work quickly, leading to high levels of stress and depression. Experts recommend improving communication between employers and employees, providing counseling services, and ensuring modified work is suitable.
The new program, Women@IT, will place emphasis on attracting women from diverse backgrounds and provide tailored support for non-traditional students. The program aims to reverse the trend of a 'shrinking pipeline' of women in IT fields by providing crucial professional experiences and mentorship.
A study developed a risk index to predict mortality in heart failure patients based on demographic and vital sign features, identifying low- and high-risk individuals. The model revealed that older age, lower blood pressure, higher respiratory rate, and hyponatremia are associated with increased mortality.
Researchers found that media coverage plays a significant role in shaping voting intentions, with 26% of undecided voters switching parties. Additionally, men generally decide their party preference prior to the campaign, while women and young people make up their minds during the campaign.
A nationwide survey of US physicians found that 49% support national health insurance, while 40% oppose it. The study also revealed growing discontent among employers and the general public regarding the current healthcare system.
Hansen, executive director of On Lok since 1993, receives the award for making the replication of the innovative On Lok system possible. The prize recognizes her efforts to bridge research and practice in gerontological healthcare.
A study found that ponderosa pine and Douglas fir needles can reduce water flow erosion by up to 60% and rain-induced erosion by up to 80%. Researchers used artificial rain laboratory experiments to test the effectiveness of needle cover in preventing post-fire soil erosion.
The IU School of Medicine and Merck have partnered to establish a vaccination training program in Kenya. The program aims to enhance immunization infrastructure and reduce infant morbidity and mortality due to preventable diseases.
A study of 1,631 football players found that symptoms gradually resolved by day 7, cognitive functioning improved within 5-7 days, and balance deficits dissipated within 3-5 days after injury. However, approximately 10% of players required more than a week for symptoms to fully resolve.
Researchers found that black patients undergoing surgery had a median survival time 1.8 years less than white patients, with disparities smaller among radiation therapy and non-aggressive therapy groups. The study suggests genetic and environmental factors may contribute to these racial disparities in prostate cancer treatment outcomes.
Researchers discovered that rapid lava eruption traps seawater, heating it to form steam bubbles trapped under glassy crusts. These findings support a subsurface biosphere and could alter lava flow dynamics.
The American Academy of Ophthalmology meeting explored approaches to preventing, treating, and living with macular degeneration. Researchers presented updates on the effect of vitamin and mineral supplementation, surgical approaches, anti-VEGF drugs like Macugen, and visual rehabilitation.
Researchers at North Carolina State University are developing a nanoscale transistor by assembling molecules and building a functioning electronic switch. The team's pioneering work tackles critical issues in future materials for advanced molecule-based information processing.
Virginia Tech researchers are developing wireless video sensor networks that can provide real-time visual data in critical situations. The goal is to improve the government's ability to prevent, detect, and respond to natural and man-made disasters.
A study found that children identified by newborn screening required hospitalization at a lower rate than those clinically identified, and mothers experienced lower stress in the screened group. However, false-positive results were associated with increased risk of hospitalization and parental stress.
A study published in the American Journal of Physics found that the speed of a baseball bat when it hits the ball is the most important factor in hitting a home run. Curve balls are thrown with topspin, which automatically gives them backspin and lift upon impact, making them carry further than fastballs.
A new study reveals that Western perceptions of the Muslim world vary greatly depending on gender. Women tend to perceive Islamic culture as sensual and attractive, while men often view it as uncivilized and barbaric. This disparity highlights a complex interplay between cultural stereotypes and media representation.
A new study reveals that residents of Appalachia experience a disproportionate increase in cancer incidence, particularly lung, colon, rectum, and cervix cancers. The study found that rural residents had even higher rates of these cancers compared to the general population.
Cataract surgery is expected to increase due to its major cause of blindness globally. New technologies like implantable miniature telescopes, multifocal IOLs, and accommodating IOLs are being developed to enhance vision, especially for patients with defective irises or macular degeneration.