Researchers found zebrafish embryos are sensitive to mid-blastula transition in ionizing radiation, but unaffected by UV radiation prior to this stage. After the transition, UV radiation causes morphologic damage, while ionizing radiation damages DNA due to lack of repair mechanisms.
A recent study found that stenting has excellent short-term results for treating lower-extremity ischemia, with a high success rate of 98 percent. The procedure also has a significantly lower mortality rate compared to femoral artery bypass surgery.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have successfully designed better bacteria killers by modifying arylamide-based polymers inspired by frog skin. The modified polymers can disrupt bacterial cell membranes without harming human cells, making them a promising new approach to combat antibiotic resistance.
The study reveals that nanoparticles are 30 times more efficient at promoting manganese oxidation than bulk material. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that manganese oxidation requires bacteria, suggesting particle size may play a key role.
A study found that the anti-inflammatory drug nimesulide triggered angiogenesis and increased pancreatic cancer cell growth in COX-2 negative tumor cells, but inhibited tumor growth in COX-2 positive cells. Researchers plan to test other COX-2 inhibitors for similar effects.
Researchers from Hamilton College are conducting a three-year project in Antarctica to test the hypothesis that the Larsen B Ice Shelf system has been stable since its formation 10,000 years ago. They will analyze sediment cores and deploy sediment traps to measure debris input from surging glaciers.
Researchers developed a simplified formula to predict team winning percentages, using only addition, subtraction, and multiplication. The new linear function works almost as well as the original Pythagorean theorem in predicting team performance.
Researchers have discovered profound differences in the gene content of T. denticola, an oral pathogen associated with gum disease, compared to other spirochetes that cause syphilis and Lyme disease. The study's findings highlight the power of comparative genomics in understanding how related pathogens can cause different diseases.
Research at UC Davis explores the effects of ocean nanoparticles and vehicle emissions on atmospheric conditions. The study aims to develop models for measuring and predicting nanoparticle transients in the atmosphere.
Regular exercise can reduce a woman's risk of endometrial cancer by up to 30-40% and improve breast cancer survival rates. Studies found that moderate physical activity, including walking and household chores, had significant benefits on cancer risk and survival.
A study led by Dr Joanne Entwistle highlights the importance of fashion buyers' knowledge in translating market identity into products. The research focused on a large department store's women's wear team, finding that building markets and consumers is essential for success.
Researchers found that ES cell lines can restore blood cells, including immune systems, in mice without being rejected. This breakthrough has potential advantages over traditional bone marrow or blood donations, offering a renewable source with low risk of graft-versus-host disease.
A study found that regular exercise, as well as routine activities like walking for transportation or performing household chores, can reduce a woman's risk of endometrial cancer. The research team assessed physical activity from various periods in life and found significant benefits for women with higher levels of physical activity.
A new study found that even a small amount of psoriasis can significantly affect daily life, impacting over 4.5 million Americans with the disease. Psoriasis patients often feel like their condition is a burden and are dissatisfied with treatment options.
A new study by Elaina Rose found that educated women are becoming more likely to marry and have children. The 'success gap' between high- and low-educated women has narrowed significantly since the 1980s and 1990s, when higher education was associated with lower marriage rates.
A recent study by mathematicians and economists found that National League pitchers are more likely to throw inside pitches, increasing the risk of hitting batters. This 'moral hazard' theory suggests that the rule's impact is not due to lower costs for NL pitchers, but rather their fear of retaliation when stepping up to bat.
Researchers found that conservation tillage increases soil carbon, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This method also produces more food with less land, addressing global food security challenges.
Researchers at Duke University have developed a new type of nanotube transistor that uses an electrically conducting polymer gate to reduce power demand and improve device performance. The innovation offers great promise for future electronic devices, including those even smaller than current models.
Researchers found that caustic soils at Hanford can trap radioactive cesium and strontium, forming stable minerals like zeolites and feldspathoids. This discovery may aid in remediation efforts by slowing down the migration of toxic waste into groundwater.
Mayo Clinic researchers found gene mutations that disrupt stress signaling in the heart, making it vulnerable to damage. The study, published in Nature Genetics, may lead to new treatments for heart failure.
STN International has launched Derwent World Patents Index First View, providing early access to the latest published patent documents. This new alerting companion file offers a comprehensive and timely overview of global patenting activity when used with Derwent World Patents Index.
Scientists at Rice University have discovered an attractive force in mayonnaise using the phenomenon of negative normal stress. This finding has significant implications for the development of new emulsions and dispersions with practical applications.
Researchers developed a disposable sensor using carbon nanotubes and enzymes to detect OP nerve agents. The sensor can detect traces of up to 5 parts per billion, making it a promising tool for identifying toxin exposure.
Virgil Percec, a Penn chemist, has received an American Chemical Society award for his work in polymer chemistry. He is recognized for striking a balance among diverse disciplines and extending nature's solutions to design synthetic functional nanosystems.
Researchers found 53 smoking-induced genetic alterations in mice exposed to tobacco smoke, with CYP1B1 enzyme overexpression linked to estradiol activation. This finding may help understand why female smokers are more susceptible to lung cancer than male smokers.
The team uses heterocycles from DNA to recognize specific complementary groups, creating a reversible surface that can be modified and reused. The new technology has potential applications in body armor and films.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center have found a link between the HOXB7 gene and increased activity in breast cancer biomarkers. The study shows that the gene is overexpressed in more than 60% of breast cancer cell lines and 90% of primary breast cancers.
Researchers at Penn State have created a thermally stable coal-based jet fuel, provisionally designated as JP900, which can absorb significant amounts of heat and remain stable up to 900 degrees Fahrenheit. This fuel has potential benefits in reducing engine deposits and improving cold weather performance.
Studies show that exposure to environmental carcinogens can cause DNA damage in the womb, increasing cancer risk. The fetus is more susceptible to genetic damage than the mother, highlighting the need for preventive policies.
A new DNA test using Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy has been developed to identify patients with myelodysplasia (MDS) or those at high risk of developing the disease. The test is highly predictive and can distinguish MDS patients from those with non-malignant bone marrow disorders.
Researchers explore new natural pesticides derived from plants and microorganisms to combat parasitic weeds that destroy large areas of crops. Scientists are developing broad-spectrum herbicides with targeted resistance to useful crops.
Jeanne E. Pemberton's research reveals that changing the electrical charge on electronic paper affects how well ink sticks, enabling the development of reusable tablets. The study uses the 'emersion' method to analyze molecular interactions at the interface between liquids and solids.
A study found that a component of snake venom can help remove stubborn bloodstains from clothes, with fibrinolytic enzymes facilitating the breakdown of blood protein fibrin. Researchers successfully tested the enzyme on blood-stained denim swatches, showing significantly fainter stains after treatment.
A 40-minute surgical procedure called left cardiac sympathetic denervation (LCSD) reduces the risk of cardiac arrest and fainting episodes in people with long QT syndrome, a rare heart disorder. The study found that LCSD surgery reduced cardiac events by 91 percent compared to pre-surgery rates.
New studies examine acrylamide levels in foods such as potato chips, breads and cereals. Researchers have found that cooking conditions influence acrylamide levels, with some foods showing low levels despite popular assumption.
Scientists at UC Davis create a novel fluorescent assay for detecting pesticides on a chip, utilizing lanthanide oxide nanoparticles as a reporter. The approach has the potential to improve pesticide detection in environmental testing and other fields.
Researchers have found that alcohols, which are not typically considered good lubricants, can work effectively in tiny machines. The discovery could lead to the development of gas-delivered liquid thin films that regenerate sensors and allow recycling of air bag mechanisms, improving efficiency and reducing power dissipation.
Researchers at Ohio State University developed a bioreactor that increases propionic acid production by 50% and reduces unwanted byproducts. The device uses fibers to anchor cells in place, allowing them to grow and evolve in a harsh environment.
Researchers from the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center have developed a novel approach to gene therapy that harnesses mesenchymal progenitor cells (MSC) to target cancer metastasis. The strategy has shown promising results in animal studies, with MSC gene therapy curing up to 70% of mice implanted with human ovarian cancer.
A study found that equol, a natural metabolite from soy isoflavones, blocks the effects of DHT without altering testosterone levels, reducing prostate size in rats. This molecule may offer a treatment for BPH and prostate cancer, as well as promoting healthy skin and hair growth.
A recent study published in The Journal of Pain found that women are more sensitive to pain than men, while African-Americans and Whites report similar levels of pain when using standardized rating scales. Researchers tested 135 participants aged 25-45 and used modified rating scales to account for cultural differences.
Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison have discovered a potent way to shut down viruses by introducing harmless molecules that mimic the virus's growth machinery, outperforming traditional antiviral strategies in inhibiting viral growth and creating drug-resistant strains.
A Virginia Tech undergraduate, Cindy Schreiber, developed a PCR machine that rapidly identifies mismatched base pairings and mutations in DNA samples. The machine also automates the process, making it more efficient and cost-effective for high school and undergraduate labs.
Researchers have developed a new class of hyperbranched polymers with excellent mechanical properties and lower viscosities. These polymers can be easily processed and are suitable for various applications such as fuel cell materials, biocompatible elastomers and photo-curable adhesives.
Scientists have engineered a tobacco plant to produce a toxin derived from the defense system of the flesh fly, which has shown promise in repelling parasitic weeds. The toxin, sarcotoxin IA, is produced only where the parasite attacks the host and accumulates more on the parasite than on the host.
Researchers found a strong association between monkey virus DNA and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, suggesting the virus could play a role in its development. The study suggests that targeting the virus could help prevent its development and offers new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have developed a new paclitaxel analog that is more effective than the natural compound in killing cancer cells. The analog has been shown to be up to 20 times more active in one assay and three times more deadly to cancer cells than current treatments.
A recent UMHS study found that black men with moderate-grade prostate cancer are 36% less likely to receive treatment than white men. Hispanic men also face disparities in treatment, with 16% fewer chances of receiving definitive therapy compared to white men.
A new progesterone receptor antagonist may reduce tumor mass in patients with breast cancer, while a plant virus-based vaccine shows promise in preventing cervical and breast cancers. The novel vaccines aim to block the initial infection of HPV viruses that cause these cancers.
The emergence of Brood X cicadas in May will result in some damage to fruit trees and prized yard trees and shrubs. Gardeners, vintners, and farmers are advised to cover vulnerable plants with netting to prevent damage.
Researchers have found that higher serum levels of vitamin E are associated with lower risks of prostate and bladder cancers. In contrast, a diet rich in antioxidants is linked to a reduced risk of breast cancer among women with specific genetic profiles.
Researchers found that COX-2 over-expression promotes loss of basement membrane in ovarian epithelium cells, leading to disorganization and cancer. The study suggests COX-2 inhibitors may prevent cancer development by reducing basement membrane loss.
Scientists at Johns Hopkins University have developed a new biomaterial that can promote cell growth and differentiation, potentially aiding in the repair of human tissue. The self-assembling protein gel is made from genetically engineered modular proteins that can be mixed to create different types of hydrogels for specific applications.
Researchers found a direct correlation between honey consumption and elevated polyphenolic antioxidants in human plasma. The study's findings support existing evidence that honey may provide protective antioxidant compounds, contributing to overall health.
Researchers developed a method to create well-defined carbon nanoparticles using polyacrylonitrile copolymers. The approach enables the production of discrete carbon nanostructures with applications in energy storage/conversion devices and display technologies.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a novel method using ultrasound from a household humidifier to create complex nanocomposite materials. The technique produces porous nanospheres and encapsulated nanoparticles with potential applications in catalytic reactions, drug delivery, and molecular sieves.
Researchers have discovered the role of cadherin 23 protein in the mechanotransduction process that converts sound waves into electrical signals. The study provides insights into Usher syndrome and age-related hearing loss, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for treating deafness.
New nanotech imaging techniques offer improved precision in detecting tumors, including lymphatic drainage imaging for breast cancer, and molecular fingerprints for prostate and ovarian cancer. These advancements aim to improve diagnosis and treatment options for cancer patients.
Researchers have developed composite fibers containing varying percentages of carbon nanotubes, which can double stiffness, reduce shrinkage by 50%, and improve solvent resistance. Breaking up nanotube bundles could make these materials more accessible for commercial products.
A new study by Southern Methodist University researchers has found that nanoparticles, specifically buckyballs, can cause significant brain damage in fish within 48 hours. The study's lead author suggests further testing and assessment of the risks and benefits of these nanoparticles before their widespread use.