Scientists at Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology gained new insights into chemical signaling within plants after herbivore attack, highlighting the value of genetically modifying plants to study complex ecological interactions. Transgenic Nicotiana attenuata plants were found to attract novel herbivore species despite being defe...
Research using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy found reduced cortical GABA levels and increased glutamate in melancholic depression patients, a subset of major depressive disorder. The study adds to evidence suggesting both GABA and glutamate systems contribute to mood disorders' pathophysiology.
The discovery of a disk of dust and comets around Tau Ceti suggests that this star is likely to experience constant bombardment from asteroids, making it difficult for life to evolve. Scientists will have to rethink where they look for civilisations outside our Solar System.
Scientists uncover proof Frobisher's assayers intentionally added gold to worthless black rocks, fueling an investment frenzy. Lead samples analyzed for the first time show no contamination, confirming a massive fraud.
Patients with major depressive disorder showed significant improvement in symptoms and medical outcomes when treated according to the Texas Medication Algorithm Project (TMAP) guidelines. The study, published in Archives of General Psychiatry, found a two-to-three times greater improvement rate compared to standard treatment.
A study found that adolescent girls were overexposed to alcohol advertisements in magazines, with 45% more beer and ale ads, 12% more distilled spirits ads, and 65% more low-alcohol refreshers (LARs) ads compared to their male counterparts. The researchers called for further action due to the failure of industry self-regulation.
Researchers found that different snow conditions affect the dynamics of the Canadian lynx. The study showed that surface hardness, determined by warm winter spells, influences how deep the lynx sinks in the snow, impacting its ability to prey on snow hares.
A study found that enzymes in plant cells can produce different products based on their location within the cell. The research, conducted by Brookhaven National Laboratory scientists, suggests that modifying an address signal on these enzymes could change their product output.
Researchers found that daily doses of ginseng significantly reduced the anti-clotting effect of warfarin, a common blood-thinner medication. The study suggests that substances within ginseng may enhance the function of enzymes that break down warfarin.
A study analyzing data from Chicago's youth between ages 9-19 found that teenagers living in safer neighborhoods were significantly less likely to carry concealed firearms compared to those in more disordered areas. The research suggests that decreasing community violence and disorder can positively impact youth gun carrying behavior.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center discovered a protein called NHE1 that regulates cell acidity by directly detecting volume changes. This control is crucial for cell growth and proliferation. The study found specific differences in how NHE1 responds to changes in cell volume compared to another similar transporter, NHE3.
The study examined brain tissue from 17 teenage suicide victims and 17 control subjects without psychiatric illness. Researchers found statistically significant decreases in protein kinase C (PKC) activity in certain brain areas of the suicide victims' brains, suggesting a potential link to therapeutic intervention.
Researchers analyzed over 750 fossils to discover that modern humans experienced a quadrupling of survival rates among older adults. This trend is believed to have contributed to population expansions and cultural innovations, as well as strengthened social relationships and kinship bonds.
A study found that American ginseng reduced the anticoagulant effect of warfarin in healthy volunteers. Additionally, researchers observed that only 57% of doctors followed standard hand hygiene practices, with factors such as high workload and risk for cross-transmission affecting compliance.
Researchers develop a new technology using low-frequency wide band Rayleigh waves to detect cracks in rails at high speeds. This technique could transform every train in the country into part of a 24-hour network of rail crack detectors.
A recent study found that high levels of perceived parental supervision were linked with reduced gonorrhea and chlamydia infections in African American female adolescents. The study, which recruited 158 adolescent females aged 14-19 years, discovered a correlation between high parental supervision and lower incidence rates of these STDs.