Research reveals that nitrite is a potent inhibitor of ischemia/reperfusion injury in the liver and heart, limiting cell death and preserving organ function. Additionally, adipocyte-derived collagen VI promotes early tumor growth in breast cancer, while EBV proteins drive immune responses in multiple sclerosis.
Researchers found that popular chemistry textbooks focus on abstract concepts and tools without discussing their application in practice. To address this, they developed a testable framework describing chemists' routine activities, including explaining phenomena, analyzing matter, and synthesizing new substances.
A study on the MSY2 protein found that its absence in mice leads to male and female infertility. The researchers aim to develop new non-hormonal contraceptives using Contrin, a human equivalent of MSY2. This discovery holds promise for targeted fertility treatments and could lead to innovative contraceptive options.
The center aims to provide a national overview of how young adults with disabilities fare after leaving school, collecting and interpreting data to inform program improvements. The grant partners with OSEP, National Dropout Prevention Center, and other organizations to support states in implementing best practices.
A study published by Johns Hopkins Medicine suggests that participating in a variety of physical activities may reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease in older adults. The research found that individuals who engaged in multiple activities had a lower risk of dementia compared to those who participated in fewer activities.
Mechanical engineers at Purdue University have created micro-channel heat sinks that can cool electronic components, enabling faster performance and better functionality. The devices are being developed to address the growing need for efficient cooling in advanced laser systems, microwave radar, and future computers.
Researchers at Northwestern University show that a magnetic field can be used to increase or decrease the flow of heat through an Andreev interferometer. The findings, published in Physical Review Letters, demonstrate the quantum mechanical nature of heat flow and its relationship with electron charge.
Chronic daily headaches are more prevalent in obese and morbidly obese people than those with normal body weight, the study found. Obese individuals reported severe pain and missed more work days due to headaches.
Leishmaniasis, a fatal disease affecting 1.5 million people worldwide, will be controlled through paromomycin with the goal of delivering treatment for under $10. The Institute for OneWorld Health aims to change generations of families devastated by VL.
A new MS drug, AVP-923, has shown significant improvement in reducing pseudobulbar affect episodes, with 84% of patients reporting betterment compared to 49% on placebo. The treatment also led to overall improvements in quality of life and reduction in pain.
Researchers reassess Martian landslides using recent images and propose alternative gravity-driven explanation. Ocean color tracking reveals 50-year dataset for phytoplankton abundance estimation. Aerosol concentrations in China's atmosphere reduce daily surface solar radiation since 1961, according to Geophysical Research Letters papers.
Hinke Piersma's research explores the interaction between political decision-making and public debate regarding 'the Breda three', four prisoners who became two in 1979. The discussion increasingly focused on integrity, as the Dutch population was criticized for failing to protect Jewish compatriots during WWII.
A study published in Science identifies the master gene grainyhead as essential for wound repair in both fruit flies and mice. The researchers found that grainyhead is required to activate genes involved in cuticle repair, which then regenerate injured patches of skin.
A network of non-profit groups in California is providing critical assistance to low-income consumers struggling with insurance problems, resolving 62% of issues. The Health Consumer Alliance helps consumers choose coverage, navigate public programs, and reduces costs, morbidity, and litigation
A new study assesses the cost-effectiveness of pharmaceuticals in different countries, highlighting the importance of considering location-specific factors. The findings emphasize that economic evaluations are not transferable across borders, requiring repeated studies to determine cost-effectiveness.
A Georgetown University researcher reveals hidden sponsorship of articles and lectures in medical journals, compromising patient care. A public database is needed to disclose conflicts of interest.
Researchers found that nitrite therapy reduces cell death and preserves organ function in mouse models of I/R injury. Nitrite may serve as a therapeutic treatment for I/R disease, particularly in preventing organ dysfunction following surgery or transplantation.
A study by Mayo Clinic investigators found that pessimism and depression are associated with a higher risk of dementia. The research, which analyzed data from over 3,500 individuals, suggests that personality traits may play a role in the development of cognitive impairment 30-40 years later.
A recent study conducted in Norway found that bright Arctic light can trigger migraines in women with aura. The research revealed that nearly half of those with migraine with aura experienced more frequent attacks during the summer light season than during the polar winter season.
A new physical therapy technique, Souchard's global postural re-education, has shown significant improvement in chronic back pain patients. The method involves stretching and strengthening of para-spinal muscles to correct posture and decompress the spinal canal, resulting in pain relief for 92% of participants.
Researchers suggest low atmospheric oxygen levels led to population fragmentation, increasing extinction rates and slowing recovery. Oxygen levels dropped by 20 million years, making breathing at sea level equivalent to summiting a high mountain.
Researchers discovered that the alpha isomer of toxic flame retardant HBCD accumulates in dolphin blubber due to its inability to be metabolized by enzymes. The beta and gamma isomers are broken down by cytochrome P450, leading to their exclusion from fat-rich tissues.
Researchers found significant associations between two SNPs and alcohol dependence in a Russian population, similar to U.S. findings. The study suggests that the GABRA2 gene influences risk for alcoholism regardless of environmental factors.
Researchers developed a classification system to treat thrombotic aneurysms, finding that one-third can be treated surgically with conventional clipping. The study also discovered that bypass and occlusion procedures yield more favorable results for unclippable aneurysms.
Researchers found that palmitate, a saturated fatty acid, can attach to proteins regulating bioelectricity in cells. This attachment affects the transmission of electrical impulses in nerve and heart cells, with potential health implications.
A study found that college students tend to overestimate volumes, over-pour drinks, and under-report levels of consumption. Educational feedback improves students' understanding of standard drink definitions, leading them to report a larger number of beverages consumed.
Researchers have discovered a new treatment that uses a chemical to prevent PARP repair, making recombination essential for cancer cell growth. This approach shows promise as a potential breakthrough for women with hereditary breast cancer.
Dr Christine Thomas has discovered a previously undetected seismic layer near the Earth's core-mantle boundary, allowing researchers to measure internal temperatures and study whole mantle convection. The new layer enables scientists to examine the fate of subducted lithosphere and hot material rising from the core-mantle boundary.
Researchers found that collagen VI from adipocytes stimulates the proliferation and survival of malignant cells in breast tumors. The study suggests a potential link between increased adiposity and breast cancer risk, highlighting the role of extracellular matrix proteins in tumor behavior.
A Northwestern Memorial study finds that smart pump technology alone has limited potential to improve patient safety, but integrating it with EHRs and other technologies can significantly reduce errors. The hospital is developing a robust two-way communication system to verify physician orders in real-time.
A recent editorial in the Journal of General Internal Medicine condemns the practice of ghostwriting in medical journals, citing issues with authorship and financial relationships. The authors highlight the need for transparency and accountability in academic publishing to maintain public trust.
Researchers have discovered two new species of giant amphibians in Africa, which are similar to crocodiles in shape. The findings suggest that climate change over 250 million years ago had a dramatic effect on species survival and evolution.
Pigs can become lethargic in high temperatures, leading to poor growth rates. Providing extra cooling measures such as water baths or misting systems can help reduce heat stress and increase feed intake.
A global study reveals that 172 of the world's largest rivers are regulated by dams, affecting ecosystems globally. The highest impacted regions include temperate forests and savannahs, while Australia has the largest proportion of free-flowing rivers.
A recent study published by the American Academy of Neurology suggests that long-term use of ibuprofen may lower the risk of developing Parkinson's disease. The research found a 35% lower risk among ibuprofen users compared to non-users, with risks decreasing depending on weekly dosage.
Researchers at University College London have discovered how a well-specified bath affects the qubits in a crystal, which behaves as a primitive quantum computer. The study suggests that the effect can be controlled by radio waves and temperature of the bath, paving the way for stable quantum computing.
Researchers have discovered evidence of large fluctuations in sea levels over thousands of years, not just during glacial periods, using a new method of dating corals. This finding suggests that sea levels may be more variable than previously thought, with changes occurring on shorter time scales.
A study of 20 male golfers with and without the yips found that those with yips had abnormal muscle activity in their forearms before impact. Golfers with yips were also older and had higher handicaps than those without yips, who had fewer errors and made more putts.
A new study found that erythropoietin reduced inflammation and cell death, improving functional recovery after hemorrhagic stroke in rats. The treatment also showed decreases in brain water content and increases in behavioral recovery.
Researchers used structural biology to compare viral structures, discovering that some viruses share the same protein structure as the immune system. This finding suggests that viral building blocks may have served as precursors for the evolution of the immune system.
A new study found that low concentrations of sodium nitrite prevent cell death in the hearts and livers of mice undergoing experimental heart attack and liver injury. The potent protective effect reduced dead tissue by 67% compared to control animals given nitrate.
A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that smoking depletes vitamin E levels 13% faster than non-smokers, increasing health risks. The research also reveals an interactive relationship between vitamins C and E, highlighting the importance of adequate levels of both antioxidants to prevent disease.
A recent study by Leonidas Koniaris and colleagues found that lethal injection methods in the US are often inadequate, leading to unnecessary suffering. The study analysed data from executions in Texas and Virginia, as well as autopsy toxicology reports, revealing low concentrations of thiopental in the blood of executed inmates.
Researchers found that small soluble protein clusters called oligomers cause neurotoxicity by increasing membrane permeability. This challenges the long-held idea that insoluble fibrils are responsible for disease symptoms.
A recent study found that women with ischemic stroke are less likely to receive diagnostic tests than men, despite having worse outcomes. Sixty-two percent of all deaths from stroke in the US occur in women, highlighting a need for increased access to tests and education.
Researchers identified cathepsin B and L as essential enzymes for Ebola virus reproduction, shedding light on its infection mechanism. Inhibiting these enzymes could lead to the development of a broad-spectrum antiviral therapy against multiple hemorrhagic fever viruses.
A Swedish study found that adolescents with a specific genetic variation in the serotonin transporter gene and poor family relationships are more likely to engage in high-intoxication frequency. Conversely, a favorable family environment can protect against genetic vulnerability. The study suggests an interaction between genetic and en...
Researchers at Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research found that Smad7 protein levels may predict therapy response to 2-ME compound. The study suggests that artificially lowering Smad7 levels in prostate cancer cells reduces the compound's ability to cause cell death, leading to potential breakthroughs in personalized cancer treatment.
The Stanford study used molecular techniques to survey the inhabitants of the lower digestive tract, finding a diverse range of bacterial species. The researchers discovered nearly two-thirds of identified bacteria were novel, highlighting the complexity of the intestinal ecosystem.
Research found that alcohol consumption increases smoking urge in light smokers, regardless of nicotine withdrawal symptoms. The desire to smoke while drinking is related to the amount of alcohol consumed during a drinking episode.
A new study has shed light on the process of alternative splicing, which allows one gene to produce multiple proteins. Researchers discovered that tandem repeats between exons are highly correlated with the process, enabling them to predict genes that can re-arrange and potentially leading to disease.
A large study defines premature ejaculation by measuring average times to ejaculation with stopwatches and patient-reported subjective factors. The research suggests that IELT may not be sufficient for diagnosis and that subjective factors like lack of control are valid indicators.
Researchers found that viewing past events from a third-person perspective can accentuate changes made, increasing motivation to pursue personal goals. This shift in perspective also influences behavior, with individuals who recall awkward social situations from a third-person view exhibiting improved social skills.
The study found that improving catalyst particle surface characteristics increases reaction rate efficiency and reduces expensive catalyst needed. Catalyst particles adhere better to gas bubbles with these modifications, resulting in increased efficiency.
University scientists have discovered ways to detect areas of instability in DNA that can lead to cancer. By applying this technology to pre-cancerous lesions, they've found that DNA damage occurs very early in the carcinogenic process, highlighting those at risk of developing cancer.
A study published in Science found that infants as young as 15 months can reason about what others believe, challenging the long-held view of when children develop this cognitive skill. The research involved a non-verbal experiment where babies looked longer when they expected an actor to search for a toy in a different box.
A recent study found a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and overweight among Chinese adults, with increased risk factors in northern China and urban residents compared to rural areas. The findings suggest that economic development and lifestyle changes may contribute to the growing obesity crisis in China.
A recent study published by the American Chemical Society has identified a critical crystalline structure in popcorn kernels that affects their popping performance. The researchers found that stronger, more highly ordered crystalline structures tend to maximize moisture retention and lead to better popping quality.
Topoisomerase IB helps unwind DNA during cell division to reduce torsional forces that can delay or stop cell division. The study's findings may lead to improved cancer treatments by enhancing the enzyme's functionality.
A study of over 1,500 participants found that rimonabant treatment led to significant weight loss and improvements in cardiovascular risk factors. Patients who received the drug experienced a sustained pattern of weight loss and reductions in waist circumference, cholesterol levels, and prevalence of metabolic syndrome.